4、

Hungry for change is part of a growing movement of people who want to stop famine throughout the world. They want to make certain that people in famine areas can protect themselves from the effects of future droughts. They also want to make certain that enough help is quickly available for emergencies in all parts of the world.

       Hungry for Change has helped to raise millions of pounds for famine relief (救助) . It has attracted a great deal of newspaper publicity for its relief work. It has also been successful in persuading the government in Britain to increase its aid budget by several million pounds and carry out new research into improved crops. While Hungry for Change works in Britain for an end to poverty and famine in the world, Oxfam is helping to get over the for of famine in such countries as Ethiopia and Sudan with long-term development  projects .

       In North West Darfur, Sudan, Oxfam is helping to increase food production.

       In Nile Province, Sudan, Oxfam is planting trees in order to provide fuel and shelter, and to protect the soil . It is a faraway area, where rainfall is poor and the forests are difficult.

       In Arba Minch, Ethiopia , Oxfam is supporting a project to supply clean water to villages . Clean water will reduce the risk of diseases, especially among children.

1．Hungry for Change and Oxfam are two__________.

       A．branch offices               B．churches                

C．hospitals                D．organizations

2．The underlined word “ famine ” probably means ___________ .

       A．the bad harvest of grain                        B．very serious lack of food

C．the place covered with water         D．a long period of dry weather

3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

       A．Hungry for Change has collected a lot of money

B．Hungry for Change wants to help people prevent famine

C．Oxfam is planting trees to improve agriculture in Nile Province

D．Oxfam plans improve agriculture in Sudan in a very short time.

4．According to the passage, Oxfam does not help ________ .

       A．to build schools and hospitals

B．to in crease food production

C．to provide fuel and shelter

D．to supply clean water

3、A few minutes ago, walking back from lunch I started to cross the street when I heard the sound of a coin dropping. It wasn’t much but, as I turned, my eyes caught the heads of several other people turning too. A woman had dropped what appeared to be a dime.

       The tinkling sound of a coin dropping on sidewalk is an attention-getter. It can be nothing more than a penny. Whatever the coin is, no one ignores the sound of it. It got me thinking about sounds again.

       We are surrounded y so many sounds that attract the most attention. People in New York City seldom turn to look when a fire engine, a police car or an ambulance comes screaming along the street.

       When I’m in New York, I’m a New Yorker. I don’t turn either. Like the natives. I hardly hear a siren (警笛) there .

       At home in my little town in Connecticut, it’s different. The distant loud noise of a police car , an emergency vehicle or a fire siren brings me to my feet if I’m seated and brings me to the window if I’m in bed .

       It’s the quietest sounds that have most effect on us, not the loudest. In the middle of the night, I can hear a dripping tap a hundred yards away through three closed doors. I’ve been hearing little creaking noises and sounds which my imagination turns into footsteps in the middle of the night for twenty-five years in our house. How come I never hear those sounds in the daytime?

       I’m quite clear in my mind what the good sounds are and what he bad sounds are

       I’ve turned against whistling, for instance. I used to think of it as the mark of a happy worker but lately I’ve been connecting the whistler with a nervous person making noises.

       The tapping, tapping, tapping of my typewriter as the keys hit the paper is a lovely sound to me. I often like the sound of what I write better than the looks of it.

1．The sound of a coin dropping makes people _________

       A．think of money                                          B．look at each other          

C．pay attention to it                                D．stop crossing the street

2．How does the author relate to sounds at night?

       A．He imagines sounds that do not exist.

B．He thinks taps should be turned off

C．He believes it’s rather quiet at night

D．He overstates quiet sounds

3．He dislikes whistling because __________.

       A．he is tired of it                                           B．he used to be happier

C．it reminds him of tense people               D．he doesn’t like workers

4．What kind of sound does he find pleasant?

       A．Tapping of his typewriter                            B．Clinking sound of keys

C．Tinkling sound  of a coin dropping              D．Creaking sounds

5．How does the writer feel about sounds in general?

       A．They make him feel at home                

B．He thinks they should be ignored

C．He believes they are part of our lives    

D．He prefers silence to loud noises

2、The three biggest lies in America are: ( 1 ) “ The check is in the mail ” ( 2) “ Of course I’ll respect you in the morning .” ( 3 ) “ It was a computer error . ”

       Of these three little white, the worst of the lot by far is the third. It’s the only one that can never be true. Today , if a bank statement cheats you out of ＄900 that way , you know what the clerk is sure to say: “ It was a computer error . ” Nonsense. The computer is reporting nothing more than what the clerk typed into it.

       The most annoying case of all is when the computerized cash register in the grocery store shows that an item costs more than it actually does. If the innocent buyer points out the mistake, the checker , bagger and manager all come together and offer the familiar explanation: “ It was a computer error . ”

       It wasn’t, of course . That high-tech cash register is really nothing more than an electric eye. The eye reads the Universal Product Code—that ribbon of black and white lines on the package—and then checks the code against a price list stored in memory . If the price list is right, you’ll be charged accurately.

       Grocery stores update the price list each day—that is , somebody sits at a keyboard and types in the prices . If the price they type in is too high, there are only two explanations: carelessness or dishonesty. But somehow “a computer error is supposed to excuse everything”.

       One reason we let people hide behind a computer is the common misunderstanding that huge, modern computers are “electric brains” with “artificial intelligence.” At some point there might be a machine with intelligence, but none exists today. The smartest computer on earth right now is no more “ intelligent ” than your average screwdriver (螺丝刀) . At this point in the development of computers, the only thing any machine can do is what a human has instructed it to so .

1．We are told that a high-tech cash register is really just __________

       A．a simple adding machine                B．an electric instrument of sight

C．a way to keep employees honest    D．an expensive piece of window dressing

2．Grocery store price lists are updated by ___________

       A．an employee                                               B．a telephone receiver 

C．an adding machine                               D．a typewriter

3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

       A．That high-tech cash register is anything but an electric eye.

B．The grocery stores update the price list every other day

C．There is no machine with intelligence today.

D．There are four biggest lies in America.

4．Which of the following describes the main idea of the passage?

       A．Computers are stupid and inefficient

B．Computers errors are basically human errors.

C．Computers can help department stores update the price list.

D．Supermarket price errors are often made through dishonesty.

1、根据下面英文提示写一篇短文，词数不少于50。

       Success and failure ate common in our life , We win or lose games to others ; we succeed in doing a good job or we fail at times . Every one of us has such kind of experiences from time to time. Give your opinion on failure and success with at least one example.

22、Just 7 km east of Sydney’s city center lies Australia’s most famous beach——Bondi , with its glorious strip of golden sand and blue water . Other delightful surf beaches and small bays stretch south to Maroubra , while the harbour suburbs to the north offer sandy bays and the bushland of Sydney Harbour National Park . The life saving movement was founded in Australia in the early 1900s , and now Bondi and Bronte each claim to be the world’s first surf club .

1.Beaches

Surf and sand from Bondi to Maroubra , plus calm harbour beaches .

●With its rolling surf and long are of sand , Bondi is the region’s best-known beach and the liveliest of all the ocean suburbs .

●Four more surf beaches lie south of Bondi—Tamarama , Bronte , Coogee and Maroubra —as well as calmer Clovelly and Cordons Bay .

2.  

    Lively beachfront dining and shopping strips , and charming harbours .

●Bondi, Bronte , Coogee and Maroubra all offer a delightful seaside town atmosphere —complete with beachwear and surf shops , pubs and outdoor cafes .

●Take a boat from Circullar Quay to one of the harbour suburbs—there is Rose Bay with its parks and harbourside restaurants , Vaucluse , home of 1820s Vaucluse House , and Watsons Bay , with a famous seafood restaurant and wonderful views up the harbour .

3. Inland

   Shops , cafes , restaurants , parks and several major attractions .

●Paddington and Woollahra are famous for their cafes , small shops , art galleries , markets and nearby Centennial Park , one of Sydney’s largest open spaces .

●Visit Bondi Junction for its largest shopping center and cinema complex .

4. Activities

  From surfing and diving to walks , golf and seaplane rides .

●Learn to surf at Bondi , Bronte or Coogee , go diving at Gordons Bay (where there is an underwater trail ), or watch a summer surf carnival .

●Play golf at Bondi Beach , Rose Bay or Moore Park , enjoy a game of tennis , and go horse riding at Centennial Park .

1．Which of the following best shows the location of each city ?

2．From the passage, it can be concluded that Bondi enjoys great popularity for          .

       A．swimming           B．surfing                C．horse-riding         D．diving

3．What is the most suitable heading for Part 2?

       A．Surf Shops                                         B．Harbour Suburbs

       C．Seaside Town & Harbour Surburbs       D．Outdoor Cafes & Harbour Suburbs

4．If you want to see a film after shopping, you’d better go to          .

       A．Paddington                                          B．Centennial Park

       C．Bondi Junction D．Gordons Bay

21、So often our needs are defined by things that don’t get us much: the comfort of having lots of stuff, the image we want to portray, the social pressure to appear to be rich, the fantastic idea of having something new for its own sake, like a new car or new TV or the latest fashion. For years, we have spoken to our customers about the difference between fashion and style. We’ve tried our best to encourage style and reinforce the concept that style isn’t fashion. It comes from your imagination and is developed slowly. It’s reflection of your values.

Today, more than ever, the direction of an environmentally conscious style is not to have luxury or conspicuous (炫耀的) consumption written all over your clothes. This is still our message. We believe this could be best achieved by simply asking yourself before you buy something (from us or any other company ) whether this is something you really need. It could be you’ll buy more or less from us, but only what you need. We’ll be happy to adjust our business up or down accordingly, because we’ll feel we are then contributing to a healthier attitude about consumption. We know this is an opinion against the growth of economy, but frankly, if this kind of thinking doesn’t catch on quickly, we, like a plague of locusts, will swallow all that’s left of the planet. We could make the decision to reduce our consumption, or the decision will soon be made for us.

    We are optimistic that we can change course and avoid the disastrous destination toward which we’re heading. We also believe that there are many events occurring throughout the world right now which support this outlook. We’ve experienced big changes in people’s attitudes about some extremely important philosophical issues and values.

Our purchasing habits have enormous influence. By changing the things that make us happy and buying less stuff, we can reduce the terrible impact we have been placing on the environment. We can buy for vital needs, not silly self-satisfying needs. We do need clothes, yes, but so many?

While we’re advocating responsible consumption, we want to suggest one more idea. What you save, if you do, through changing your purchasing habits, contributes to one of the thousands of social and environmental organizations that are working to correct, repair, preserve or halt the damage to which our consumptive ways and economic system have led us.

We all have to work together to preserve the continuity of natural cycles and processes. If we don’t we’ll have no inheritance to give to our grandchildren. All will be gone. Our place in history will be that of the greatest mismanagers of the Earth, not such a loving way to be remembered!

1．According to the passage,          is an appropriate attitude toward consumption.

       A．buying what you need                          B．changing consumptive ways

       C．pursuing the latest fashion                    D．buying things that satisfy us

2．Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?

       A．We’re heading for a disastrous destination and cannot change the course.

       B．Have a healthier attitude towards consumption, or we will be punished by nature one day.

       C．Get rid of the locust disaster, otherwise we will never be able to live a happy life.

       D．If we cannot manage the economic growth well, less consumption won’t be accomplished.

3．We can learn from the passage that               .

       A．consumers’ wise purchasing will benefit the finance of the company

       B．it is certain that Esprit will change consumers’ attitude by getting across its idea

       C．to change purchasing habits, consumers have to donate to environmental organizations

       D．pursuing style is more meaningful than pursuing fashion since it reflects personal values

4．The purpose of the passage is to             .

       A．encourage people to make a difference in fashion

       B．appeal for responsible consumption

       C．shorten the distance between Esprit and the consumers

       D．arouse consumers’ awareness of environmental protection

19、—Oh no ! This stupid computer has crashed again !

—Well, you can try        one , since there are so many available .

A．another                      B．other                  C．the other             D．others

18、With the capital       to greet even more people from around the world , Beijing is doing its best to make herself more open .

A．prepare    B．preparing C．prepared D．prepares