题目内容

5、The Untied Nations was formed on October 24, 1945, when the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China and France and a majority of other member countries signed the Charter（宪章） of the United Nations. The name “United Nations” was actually created by US President Franklin Roosevelt in the 1942 Declaration of United Nations.

Purposes

      The Charter of the United Nations is the document that guides the organization. It describes the organization’s purposes, principles, membership and composition.

       According to Article I of the Charter, the purposes of the United Nations are:

?                      to maintain international peace and security…;

?                      to develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;

?                      to achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedom for all…

?                      to be a center for harmonizing（协调） the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends.

Composition

The UN is made up of several units, or bodies. The main bodies of the UN are: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Secretariatat, the International Court of Justice, the Economic and Social Council, and the Trusteeship Council.

The body with which most people are familiar is the General Assembly. This is the picture you often see of the United Nations, a large body of delegates, similar to a congress, voting on a resolution. There are currently 192 member nations in the UN, and each has one vote in the Assembly. Some important questions that come before the General Assembly, like possible actions to maintain peace or admission of new members, require a two-thirds vote for passage.

1. Which of the following is NOT one of the United Nations’ purposes mentioned in this passage?

A．To harmonize the actions of nations              B．To help nations strengthen their power

C．To fight for human freedom.                        D．To fight for human rights.

2. If the General Assembly wants to admit a new member, it requires at least the agreement of ________ countries.

A．120                        B．128                        C．150                        D．192

3. What is the meaning of the underlined word “Composition” in the text?

A．A piece of music.                                        B．A short text.

C．Different parts of an organization.                D．The nations in an organization.

4. Which part of the United Nations performs the function of deciding actions to maintain peace?

A．The General Assembly.                                B．The Security Council.

C．The Secretariat.                                                 D．The International Court of Justice.

5. What will probably be introduced next in this passage?

A．The Security Council.

B．UN calendar of events.

C．The actions that the United Nations has ever taken.

D．Some famous people in the United Nations.