The Untied Nations was formed on October 24, 1945, when the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China and France and a majority of other member countries signed the Charter of the Uni 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

The Untied Nations was formed on October 24, 1945, when the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China and France and a majority of other member countries signed the Charter（宪章） of the United Nations. The name “United Nations” was actually created by US President Franklin Roosevelt in the 1942 Declaration of United Nations.

Purposes

The Charter of the United Nations is the document that guides the organization. It describes the organization’s purposes, principles, membership and composition.

According to Article I of the Charter, the purposes of the United Nations are:

² to maintain international peace and security…;

² to develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;

² to achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedom for all…

² to be a center for harmonizing（协调） the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends.

Composition

The UN is made up of several units, or bodies. The main bodies of the UN are: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Secretariatat, the International Court of Justice, the Economic and Social Council, and the Trusteeship Council.

The body with which most people are familiar is the General Assembly. This is the picture you often see of the United Nations, a large body of delegates, similar to a congress, voting on a resolution. There are currently 192 member nations in the UN, and each has one vote in the Assembly. Some important questions that come before the General Assembly, like possible actions to maintain peace or admission of new members, require a two-thirds vote for passage.

1. Which of the following is NOT one of the United Nations’ purposes mentioned in this passage?

A．To harmonize the actions of nations B．To help nations strengthen their power

C．To fight for human freedom. D．To fight for human rights.

2. If the General Assembly wants to admit a new member, it requires at least the agreement of ________ countries.

A．120 B．128 C．150 D．192

3. What is the meaning of the underlined word “Composition” in the text?

A．A piece of music. B．A short text.

C．Different parts of an organization. D．The nations in an organization.

4. Which part of the United Nations performs the function of deciding actions to maintain peace?

A．The General Assembly. B．The Security Council.

C．The Secretariat. D．The International Court of Justice.

5. What will probably be introduced next in this passage?

A．The Security Council.

B．UN calendar of events.

C．The actions that the United Nations has ever taken.

D．Some famous people in the United Nations.

BBCAA

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I believe that it is important to be brought up with a firm belief in the good. I was fortunate in this respect. My parents not only gave me a happy home, but they had me study half a dozen foreign languages and made it possible for me to travel in other countries. This made me more tolerant and helped me to bridge many difficulties in later life.

Soon after I got married, my husband and I left our native Czechoslovakia and went to live in Shanghai, China. Here was a really international city. People of all races and beliefs lived and worked together.

In Shanghai, in 1941, when I was only twenty years old, the doctors discovered that I had diabetes. It was a terrible shock, because diabetes is incurable. But it can be controlled by insulin (胰岛素). Although this drug was not manufactured in China, there were enough stocks of imported insulin available. This enabled me to continue a normal, happy life.

Then bombs fell on Pearl Harbor and the Japanese occupied Shanghai. The import of insulin was cut off. Before long, there was not enough for the diabetics. I was on a starvation diet to keep my insulin requirements as low as possible. Many diabetics had already died, and the situation became desperate. In spite of all this, I never stopped believing that with the help of my husband’s love and care, I would survive.

I continued to teach in Chinese schools. My faith and my husband’s never-ending efforts to get the manufacture of insulin started gave me courage. In his small laboratory the production of insulin was attempted. I served as the human guinea pig（实验品）on which it was tested. I’ll never forget the day when my husband gave me the first injection of the new insulin, which had worked on rabbits. It helped! Can you imagine our happiness and relief?

I received the greatest strength from the deep love and complete understanding between my husband and me. And next to that was the kindness and help of many, many friends of many nationalities. To me, the experience of living in Shanghai during the special times was unforgettable.

After the Second World War, my husband and I sailed to the Untied States, which is also known as a melt pot. Wherever we live, I believe, with faith and love, love between families and friends from different nationalities, we can make it our cherished home.

What can we know about the author?

A. She visited China before twenty.

B. She was given an unhappy home.

C. She got married in Czechoslovakia.

D. She could hardly tolerate her parents.

As a diabetic, the author could still live normally in 1941 because .

A. she was able to buy enough insulin

B. she received good medical treatment

C. she was looked after by her husband

D. she was helped by people of different races

The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to .

A. a small rabbit B. an ever lasting effort

C. the new insulin D. the human guinea pig

How does the author feel about her stay in China?

A. Unbearable. B. Unbelievable.

C. Unfortunate. D. Unforgettable.

We can infer from the text that the author’s husband was .

A. a doctor B. a researcher

C. a teacher D. a sailor

The Human Genome(基因组) Project, a great $3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic map of humans, is now more than 90 percent completed. The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of diseases and prolonging(延长)human life. But those communities and policy makers are also careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life.
For the last few years, the genetic advances in the fast developing field of biotechnology have provided material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of human genetic code have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the population imagination.
While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research in the Untied States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with as yet terrible diseases, and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer(乳腺癌)or AIDS.
Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.
【小题1】Why did the scientists work so hard at mapping the human genome?

A．Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.

B．Because the human genome’s completion can help to get rid of many diseases.

C．Because they wanted to be better known than others.

D．Because the Human Genome Project can provided a lot of chances of work.

【小题2】According to the passage, which of the following countries is the most advanced in genetic research?

A．Japan	B．Germany
C．The United States	D．China

【小题3】According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．If the genes can be found, scientists can study many new ways to cure illnesses.

B．The United States began genetic research early in the 19th century.

C．Many medical companies show great interest in drawing the human genome map.

D．The scientists have made great progress in connecting some genes with the cancers.

【小题4】What is mainly talked about in this passage?

A．The great human genome.	B．The discovery of genes.
C．Unlocking the genetic code.	D．Genes and scientists.

B
I believe that it is important to be brought up with a firm belief in the good. I was fortunate in this respect. My parents not only gave me a happy home, but they had me study half a dozen foreign languages and made it possible for me to travel in other countries. This made me more tolerant and helped me to bridge many difficulties in later life.
Soon after I got married, my husband and I left our native Czechoslovakia and went to live in Shanghai, China. Here was a really international city. People of all races and beliefs lived and worked together.
In Shanghai, in 1941, when I was only twenty years old, the doctors discovered that I had diabetes. It was a terrible shock, because diabetes is incurable. But it can be controlled by insulin (胰岛素). Although this drug was not manufactured in China, there were enough stocks of imported insulin available. This enabled me to continue a normal, happy life.
Then bombs fell on Pearl Harbor and the Japanese occupied Shanghai. The import of insulin was cut off. Before long, there was not enough for the diabetics. I was on a starvation diet to keep my insulin requirements as low as possible. Many diabetics had already died, and the situation became desperate. In spite of all this, I never stopped believing that with the help of my husband’s love and care, I would survive.
I continued to teach in Chinese schools. My faith and my husband’s never-ending efforts to get the manufacture of insulin started gave me courage. In his small laboratory the production of insulin was attempted. I served as the human guinea pig（实验品）on which it was tested. I’ll never forget the day when my husband gave me the first injection of the new insulin, which had worked on rabbits. It helped! Can you imagine our happiness and relief?
I received the greatest strength from the deep love and complete understanding between my husband and me. And next to that was the kindness and help of many, many friends of many nationalities. To me, the experience of living in Shanghai during the special times was unforgettable.
After the Second World War, my husband and I sailed to the Untied States, which is also known as a melt pot. Wherever we live, I believe, with faith and love, love between families and friends from different nationalities, we can make it our cherished home.
61. What can we know about the author?
A. She visited China before twenty.        B. She was given an unhappy home.
C. She got married in Czechoslovakia.      D. She could hardly tolerate her parents.
62. As a diabetic, the author could still live normally in 1941 because        .
A. she was able to buy enough insulin         B. she received good medical treatment
C. she was looked after by her husband      D. she was helped by people of different races
63. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to        .
A. a small rabbit    B. an ever lasting effort C. the new insulin      D. the human guinea pig
64. How does the author feel about her stay in China?
A. Unbearable.       B. Unbelievable.    C. Unfortunate. D. Unforgettable.
65. We can infer from the text that the author’s husband was        .
A. a doctor            B. a researcher C. a teacher             D. a sailor

For the last few years, the genetic advances in the fast developing field of biotechnology have provided material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of human genetic code have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the population imagination.

While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research in the Untied States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with as yet terrible diseases, and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer(乳腺癌)or AIDS.

Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.

1.Why did the scientists work so hard at mapping the human genome?