3. The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have _____ third one because _____ second one is rather too small. (2002上海春)
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
2. Mr. Brown bought _____ new telephone yesterday so he told me the new by _____ telephone.
A. a; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; /
1. I don’t like talking on _____ telephone; I prefer writing _____ letters. (2002北京)
365. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____ pale.
A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared
第三章 语 法
高考英语单项填空设题的方法与角度的依据是“三维模式”，即从结构、语义和语用三个方面来出题，切入的角度有7个，即：交际、情态、反述、省略与替代、特定句式、概念外延和思维定式。
1) 结构方面
NMET单项填空题的句子结构一般是完整的，即有主语和谓语。主语相当于句子的主题，指明句子讲的是什么，一般是对方已知的信息；谓语是对有关问题加以说明的部份，一般是向对方提供新的信息。考查的重点，也是在谓语部分。命题人有时故意将谓语部分的结构加以改变，“神似貌非”，迷惑考生。根据思维定势的负迁移作用，命题人往往设置干扰性很强的干扰项。这就要求考生不仅具备牢固的基础知识，更要具备灵活的临场分析应变能力。例如：
① -Do you know our town at all?
-No, this is the first time I _____ here.
A. was B. have been C. am D. m corning
分析：B最佳。该句运用了这样一个句型“It/This+is+the+序数词+time+that……”。在这个句型中that从句常用现在完成时态。切入角度：结构+交际+特定句式
② The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
分析：C最佳。本题题干长，信息量大，句子成分多，结构复杂，选项之间相互干扰强，难度大。在空白处前，既有时间名词the hours,又有人称代词me 或副词词组back to me。这很难一下子判断出先行词究竟是“the hours”还是“me”。上句可以写成The film brought the hours(--I was taken good care of in that faraway village)back to me.根据先行词为the hours, C项应为最佳答案。设题角度：结构+替代+特定句式
2) 语义方面
每个单项填空题的考查实际上都是对语义的考查。语境、结构只是语言运用的外在形式，都是为了恰当地表达出一定的语义服务的。认真地审题，准确地把握语义，对于解答好单项填空题，提高解题能力，起着十分重要的作用。虽然近几年来NMET试题的题干越来越长，结构越来越复杂，暗示信息也难以把握，同学们解答起来有一定的难度，但是命题人所设置的题干均是表达规范得体，语义符合逻辑的语言载体。同学们解题时要认真推敲，切勿“望文生义”。
例如：
①I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?
A. where B. what C. how D. which
分析：D最佳。题干已经明确交待了“某一本书或另一本书”，只是还没有确定究竟是哪一本而已。而且，“or”也给考生起了提示作用，表示选择。故选择D项 , 设题角度：语义+替代 。
② - Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.
- Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.
A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a
分析：D最佳。本题虽说是考查冠词的用法，但也是语义+思维定式考查的具体体现。因为通常我们在冠词教学中最初都说：泛指某人或某物时用不定冠词；而表示特定的或上文已提到过的人或物用定冠词。然而此处从题干暗示可以看出，问句与答语中的pen均非特指，故前后均用不定冠词。语义+交际+思维定式
3) 语用方面
NMET单项选择试题越来越重视语用能力的考查，即：语言实用能力。具体而言；基础语法知识，词汇、习语及交际用语等都以置一语境的形式来考查，使语言更具灵活、生动和得体。题干的条件信息愈隐蔽，各选项结构十分相似而、且具有较强的干扰性，这样更能体现试题能力立意的要求。例如：
① --- Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
--- I ’m afraid _____ day is possible. (NMET 99)
A. either B. some C. neither D. any
分析：C为最佳。本题设置实际语境，问者期望Monday or Tuesday 选择一天，而答者有afraid之义，不能如问者的期望。依据语言的得体性，答案只能选C。设题角度：语用+概念外延+交际。
② - I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
- Oh，did you? You _____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
分析：A最佳。本题属于情态动词交际情景中的运用。题干涉过去(在纽约)所发生的事；同时从“did you ”语气可以看出“你本来是能够(could have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起的，而不是“你一定(must have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起”，故选A，语用+情态+反述。
第一节. 高考语法一题多变训练题(选择最佳答案)
364. They’ve _____ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it?
A. provided B. supplied C. shown D. offered
363. He accidently _____ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A. let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out
362. --- _____ for the glass!
--- It’s OK. I’m wearing shoes.
A. Look out B. Walk out C. Go out D. Set out
361. A man is being questioned in relation to the _____ murder last night.
A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted
360. It’s ten years since the scientist _____ on his life’s work of discoverig the valuable chemical.
A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up
359. If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would _____.
A. act B. help C. serve D. last