Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.

For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would take someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鹅圈养地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.

Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺负) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!

Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange. Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What’s the cause end effect, could you tell?

根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。

1.According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?

A．Someone puts on a heavy jacket.

B．Someone works in the penguin pen.

C．Someone will go outside into cold weather.

D．Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.

2.Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. Which of the following isn’t the possible cause?

A．He bullied another student.               B．He is going shopping.

C．His is being picking up early.               D．He is being given a prize.

3.What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?

A．He was going outside.                    B．He was reading a story.

C．He was sleepwalking.                     D．He was looking for his dad.

4.Which of the following is cause and effect?

A．Tony got up and had a glass of water.

B．We came home and found him sleeping.

C．The ball was lost and a window was broken.

D．Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.

5.What is the best title for the next?

A．Truth and lies                          B．Work and sleep

C．Cause and effect                        D．Life and dreams

What will the future be like? What do you think of it? Here are some answers from some students.

Roy Burns: I think life in the future will be better.Most people in the world will use “green cars” by 2020, so there will be less pollution and people will live to be 200 years old.As for space travel, I would say, we will travel to Mars(火星) and some other stars in about fifty years.

Helen Lester: If we don’t take good care of the earth now, our children and grandchildren will be born into a world with too much pollution.There will be fewer trees and more buildings, because there will be more people.

Kitty Smith: I agree with Helen Lester.Things will be worse.The weather in the future will be much hotter.Human beings will have to look for another planet to live on.

1.What are the students doing?

A．They are talking about space travel.

B．They are predicting the future.

C．They are talking about pollution..

D．They are predicting the weather in the future.

2.How many things does Roy Burns predict?

A．Two              B．Three            C．Five              D．Six

3. What does Helen Lester think life will be like in the future?

A．People will live much longer.

B．People will have to live on the moon.

C．Everybody will drive a green car.

D．There will be more buildings and fewer trees.

4.What does the underlined word “planet” mean in Chinese?

A．太空站           B．宇宙             C．星球             D．南极

5. Why does Kitty Smith think human beings will have to live on another planet?

A．The earth will be too crowded for human beings to live on.

B．There will be too much pollution everywhere.

C．There will be too many people.

D．The earth will be too hot to live on.

It's Sunday morning. My parents, my uncle, my sisters and I are all at home.        
What is my father doing? He is reading a newspaper. My mother is watering the flowers in the small garden. There are some beautiful flowers in it. Some are red, and the others are yellow. My uncle is my mother's brother. He's a waiter. He is watching TV now. He is a basketball fan (迷). And he is good at playing basketball. Now he is watching NBA on TV. Where are my sisters? Cindy is over there. She is listening to the radio (收音机). She likes popular music very much. Nancy is in her room. She has a computer. Now she is surfing the Internet (上网). She's writing an e-mail to her friend. What am I doing? I'm doing my homework.                 "
【小题1】There are         people in the family.
A. five         B. six       C, seven          D. eight      
【小题2】What are the sisters doing?

 In today’s world many people seem to be hungry for money. Money does have its most useful effect on the poor. But once a person has a rich life, a lot more money doesn`t mean more happiness.

If money were everything, all millionaires(百万富翁) would have real love, true friendship, good health and a long life. However, this is not always true .But can love be bought ?I`m afraid not . Love means to give , not to take . To every person , health and long life are probably the most precious things . Well , can health and a long life be bought with money ? The answer is “No”.

Of all the longest living people in the world, few of them are millionaires. True friendship can’t be bought, either. In a word, where money is dreamed too much, it can cause brothers to quarrel, marriage to end, lovers to hate, and strangers to fight. No matter how much money you have, it is still not enough to make a happy person if you have no one to laugh with, no one to cry for.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。

1.According to the passage , which of the following do you think is right ?

A. Money is everything            

B. Money isn`t necessary

C. Money is important , but not the most important

D. with no money ,with no success

2.What are the most precious things for every person according to the writer`s ideas ?

A. Only money    B. Health and a long life

C. Only friendship D. A, Band C

3.Which sentence of the following is true according to the passage ?

A. If you haven`t much money , you can`t get more happiness

B. You may live a long life even if you are poor

C. Every year many people die in the world because their family is poor

D. If you are rich ,you`ll have less friendship

4.In fact , few of millionaires _____________

A. have much money B. have the longest living

C. love their money D. have true love

5.what does the sentence “Love means to give , not to take ”mean in the passage ?

A. 爱意味着给你，而不能带走 B.爱是可以得到的，不要走开

C. 爱意味着奉献，而不是索取 D. 爱是可以索取的， 而不必付出

What will the future be like? What do you think of it? Here are some answers from some students.
Roy Burns: I think life in the future will be better.Most people in the world will use “green cars” by 2020, so there will be less pollution and people will live to be 200 years old.As for space travel, I would say, we will travel to Mars(火星) and some other stars in about fifty years.
Helen Lester: If we don’t take good care of the earth now, our children and grandchildren will be born into a world with too much pollution.There will be fewer trees and more buildings, because there will be more people.
Kitty Smith: I agree with Helen Lester.Things will be worse.The weather in the future will be much hotter.Human beings will have to look for another planet to live on.
【小题1】What are the students doing?