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Why do some people have many friends while others do not? __1__ However, it is not so. Let's look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy interpersonal relations.
The first experiment is called the “Hawthorne effect” after Hawthorne, Illinois, where the experiment took place. A group of psychologists examined the work patterns of two groups of workers in the Western Electric Company.__2__The psychologists changed the working conditions for one group twice but left the other group alone. They were surprised to find that productivity increase on both occasions and in both groups.
They concluded that the increase in productivity came from the attention given to the workers by the management. It had increased their motivation (积极性) and so they had worked harder. In other words, if you take an interest in others ，they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.
__3__ After Martin Luther King, Jr was killed in the 1960s, a teacher, Jane Elliott, living in an all – white town decided to help her class of young children understand why the Civil Rights Movement had been necessary in America.
She divided the class into two groups: one with blue eyes and the other with brown eyes. Other eye colours such as hazel or green were excluded from his exercise. Then she told the class that brown－eyed people were cleverer than blue－eyed ones because of an agent (化学作用) for brown colour found in their blood. Blue－eyed people were stupid, lazy and not to be trusted. Jane Elliott did not need to say any more.
The brown－eyed students quickly got used to their new role as the leaders of the class. The blue－eyed students became quiet and withdrawn. Then she discovered something very interesting. Four poor brown－eyed readers began to read fluently in a way they had never done before. __4__ So if you want to be successful and happy, take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates. Congratulate them on their successes and sympathise(同情) with them in their troubles. __5__
A. Before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them.
B. Remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behaviour to you.
C. The second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or ignore(忽略) others.
D. The ones who have more friends usually are those who care about others.
E. Jane Elliott had shown that the way people are treated affects not only their behaviour but also their confidence and their performance.
F．You may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.
G. The second experiment tells us what teachers said has a great effect on the students.
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He used to study in most evenings．He's got through quite a bit of work．He did up his room quite nicely，with bookshelves and large posters．He'd ask Mr．Smith and me up for a drink and cheer us up with songs from his country．He's very good atお the guitar，you know．
I don't want to appear as if I'm running after him but it's about time we made it up，I'm sure he's upset because I told him off．It might be a good idea to take him out for a meal，perhaps even with his friend．I don't know whether it will do any good but we can try．I'm glad I've had this little chat with you，Mrs．Evans，and I'll let you know how I get on．
1. David is________．
A．an American friend B．Mrs．Smith's son
C．a visiting student D．a singer
2．Mrs．Smith believes that David is not the cause of the quarrel but that the main cause is__________.
A．Mr．Smith B．too much homework
C．David's friend D．David's behavior
3.Mrs．Smith wants to make up the quarrel by__________.
A．cooking a meal
B．giving them drinks
C. inviting David and his friend out
D．running after David
4. David's present attitude to Mrs．Smith is___________．
A．very attentive B．unfriendly
C．cheerful D．incomprehensible
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Well，Mrs．Evans，I've done my best to look after David．I've tidied his room up every day，got him a meal together whenever he needed one and made sure he's always had a clean shirt to put on．It's not been easy. With two of my own to worry about，as well, David's had the best of attention，I must say．But now because I asked him to give up bringing that American friend of his home he has got quite miserable and unfriendly．He comes in at all hours and his behavior-well it’s quite hard to put up with—and it's all because of his friend．I'm sure he's a bad influence．You see，David's a visitor and doesn't fully understand our ways．
He used to study in most evenings．He's got through quite a bit of work．He did up his room quite nicely，with bookshelves and large posters．He'd ask Mr．Smith and me up for a drink and cheer us up with songs from his country．He's very good atお the guitar，you know．
I don't want to appear as if I'm running after him but it's about time we made it up，I'm sure he's upset because I told him off．It might be a good idea to take him out for a meal，perhaps even with his friend．I don't know whether it will do any good but we can try．I'm glad I've had this little chat with you，Mrs．Evans，and I'll let you know how I get on．
1. David is________．
A．an American friend B．Mrs．Smith's son
C．a visiting student D．a singer
2．Mrs．Smith believes that David is not the cause of the quarrel but that the main cause is__________.
A．Mr．Smith B．too much homework
C．David's friend D．David's behavior
3.Mrs．Smith wants to make up the quarrel by__________.
A．cooking a meal
B．giving them drinks
C. inviting David and his friend out
D．running after David
4. David's present attitude to Mrs．Smith is___________．
A．very attentive B．unfriendly
C．cheerful D．incomprehensible
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CHICAGO(Reuters)-Smoking not only can wrinkle the face and turn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday．
The study，published in the Archives of Dermatology，shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body-even skin protected from the sun．
“We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun，and found that the total number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and the total．years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced，” Dr．Yolanda Helfrich of the University of Michigan，who led the study，said in a statement．
“In participants older than 65 years，smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years.” Helfrich's team added in their report．
The researchers tested 82 people，smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms．They ranged，in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers．Independent judges decided how wrinkled each person's skin was．
When skin is exposed to sunlight，notably the face，it becomes coarse(粗糙的)．Wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint，Helfrich's team wrote．
Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking conduces to premature(过早的)skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles，the study said，but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light．
The report did not discuss die mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke，among other things，causes blood vessels(血管)beneath the skin to constrict (紧缩)，reducing blood supply to the skin．
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue that supports both die skin and the internal organs．
31. When your skin is exposed to sunlight long，it becomes all of the following Except ________.
A. discolored B. coarse C. rough D. flexible
32. What does the underlined phrase “conduces to” in Paragraph 7 mean?
A. help B. encourage C. prevent D. stop
33. How wrinkled a person's skin is doesn't relate to .
A. the number of cigarettes a person smokes B. the kind and characteristics of skin
C. how long a person smokes D. how long skin is under sunlight
34. From the passage smoking results in skin aging mainly because .
A. it can make skin come off B. it can make you feel tired
C. it will lower blood supply to skin D. it can make blood run faster
35. The main purpose of the passage is to .
A. inform people about the result of the study B. advise people how to protect skin
C. warn people not to smoke again D. introduce a new way of avoid skin aging
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