In the United States，train transportation is unpopular compared with cars and airplanes．Most people like traveling by car or by air.
Officials of the United States Department of Transportation made a study in 2001．The study is about how many miles Americans traveled by different means of transportation．They only studied trips longer than 50 miles．The study showed that fifty-six percent of all miles were traveled in personal vehicle．Forty-one percent were traveled in an airplane．Two percent were traveled in a bus．And less than one percent of miles were traveled in a train.
Amtrak is the national provider of train transportation in the United States．In the past ten years，the number of its passengers has increased by eighteen percent．Although the number of passengers has increased，it is still very small now．In countries such as France，Germany，or Japan，more people use trains．
There are several reasons why many people __________________________．
Firstly，Americans love to drive their own cars．On highways，cars can travel as fast as trains．These highways connect all major cities in America．Secondly，many travelers like to be independent．When they use their own cars they can decide when to travel．Thirdly，many buses travel between major cities．Bus travel is less costly than train travel.
In a huge country like the United States，cities are far away from each other．In some cases，travel from one city to another by train may take more than a day．Airplanes can carry passengers over long distances much faster．People who do not want to spend long time traveling by train decide to fly．For these people saving time is the most important thing.
【小题1】What is the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words.）
【小题2】Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
It’s convenient for people to decide the start-off time when they travel in their own cars.
【小题3】Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 10 words.）
【小题4】What means of transportation do you like best when traveling，trains，cars，or planes? Why? （Please answer within 30 words）
【小题5】Translate the underlined sentences in the last paragraph into Chinese.

       In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men??s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors?? diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.

       Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.

The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.

51. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____

     A. salted meat and biscuits              B. exhaustion

     C. want of some essential substances      D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits

52. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.

     A. got rid of     B. killed     C. avoided     D. cleared away

53. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it??s better for us ____.

A. not to eat much salted meat

B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills

C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables

D. to develop a good dietary habit

54. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.

A. vitamin pills are of no avail

B. nutritious food might be unhealthy

C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy

D. religious fasting may help out a lot

55. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?

A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.

     B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.

     C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people??s health.

     D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.

You are not given false information first that sounds as if it could be the answer to the question. An instance(例证) of this may be that the information given matches one of the answers, but does not meet the criterion(标准) given in the question—the person could be talking about last week when the question asks about next week. The correct information usually, if not always, comes afterwards.

Nearly right is not the same thing as right; examinations often give information that sounds more or less correct, but is in some way unsatisfactory. Adverbs and modals(情态动词) are often used to send you the wrong way; the listening text might use “ She may well be late” – and the question “ She will be late” this is not an exact match and consequently(结果) could easily be the wrong answer. It has to be ________.

In longer listening passages, they often try to lend you to lose concentration by having quite long sections where no information relevant(有关的) to the exercise is given. But then out of the blue (unexpectedly) they hit you with a couple of answers in quick turns.

Although most longer listening passages begin with an introduction that lets you get into the flow before they start testing you, you can not depend on this; the first word could in theory(理论) be the answer to the first question.

Examiners will often place a word directly from the passage in a wrong answer and use a synonym(同义词) in the correct answer. Check the meaning and do not rely on word recognition to get the right answer.

1. In what situation will the passage be useful? (please answer within 10 words)

_______________________________________________________________________

2. Please fill in the blank with proper words and phrases. (please answer within 10 words)

________________________________________________________________________

3. Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese.

______________________________________________________________________

4. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

It is what the word means not which word it is that should be the criterion of the correct answer.

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Which of the above suggestions in the passage do you think is the most useful to you? Why? (please answer within 30 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

A long car journey can be a nightmare(噩梦) for everyone,whether they are adults or children,passengers or drivers.The driver at least has something that he or she needs to concentrate on but for the other occupants of the car, the journey can be boring, uncomfortable, and can make you feel sick. Moreover, passengers who suffer during car journeys can cause stress and anxiety to the driver, who may therefore lose concentration and cause an accident.

　 With this problem in mind, doctors and child psychiatrists have recommended a series of things to do and not do to make these journeys less stressful.

　 ◆Surveys suggest that a major cause of arguments on car journeys is　　　 , and evidence shows that drivers operate better if they are listening to something of their own choice. This means that, especially when different generations are traveling, everyone except the driver who wants to listen to music should be equipped with their own source of music or radio.

　 ◆By far the most successful strategy, especially if there are children in the car,is to turn the journey into a fun task of some kind. For example, children can be issued with an illustrated worksheet, offering them the chance to tick off things that they see—a blue motorway road sign,for example,or a particular kind of tree.

　 ◆It is of course important to have sufficient provisions(储备物) for the trip,with water on the top of the list. However, doctors are now warning parents against giving their children fast food items and fizzy(起泡的) drinks,the kind of things that cause hyperactivity and can create tension and problems.

1. What is the main idea of this passage? (Please answer within 10 words)

2. Fill in the blank in the third paragraph of the passage to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)

3. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

　 For chihlren passengers, the most efficient way is to make the journey more enjoyable.

4. Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into proper Chinese.

5. What do you think are the needed sufficient provisions for children during the trip?

　　 (Please answer within 20 words)

 Recent studies show that many young people in the United States never finish high school．Some researchers say about fifteen to twenty percent of public school students do not complete their education．But many other experts and policymakers believe that for the past twenty years，the dropout rate has been around thirty percent．For Latino and black students，the numbers are even higher．Researchers say almost half of them leave schoo1．At the same time，almost half the states let students leave school before the age of eighteen without letting their parents know．

    Finding a good job without a high school education is _________．A recent study found that almost half of all dropouts aged sixteen to twenty—four did not have a job．The lack of high school education can also lead to other problems．An estimated two—thirds of prisoners in the United States dropped out of high schoo1．

    The main reason why many students drop out of school is that they are failing．Many are bored with their classes or feel disconnected from their school and teachers．Some students feel that educators place low expectations on them．

   There have been efforts to increase graduation rates through education reforms during the past twenty years．Some communities are working on dropout prevention programs．These include alternative (其他的) high schools to meet special needs．In addition，experts suggest “early warning systems’’ to help identify young school children at the risk of dropping out of high schoo1．They say schools should also keep regular contact with parents，especially if their children are missing school often．

1.What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words．)

2.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

    Many students feel tired of their classes or don’t feel connected with their school and teachers．

3.Please fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words．)

4.What do you think is the most important reason for the high dropout rate in the high school?(Please answer within 30 words．)

5.Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese．