64. The best title of this passage might be      .

A. the Newest Medical Invention        B. New X-ray Machine to Save Lives

C. How to Avoid the Damage of X Rays     D. Advantages and Disadvantages of CAT scanners

C

 Shanghai­­­---Shanghai officials are welcoming a new national water law that they say will help them protect the upper reaches of the Huangpu River and other water ways in Shanghai.

  The new law, which came into effect yesterday, updates a law enacted in 1988 that focused on supplying water to needy areas, but didn’t pay a great deal of attention to environmental protection.

  The previous law for example, gave local authorities power over waterways in these areas, but didn’t pay attention to the sources of those rivers and lakes. So, Shanghai was responsible for cleaning and protecting the lower reaches of the Chang Jiang River but had no say in how the river’s upper reaches,, which feed into Shanghai, are maintained.

  The new law will make it easier to control the amount of waste that ends up in local rivers and reduce inefficient use of waterways, said Zhang Jiayi, director of the Shanghai Water Affairs Bureau, on the bureau’s website commenting on law yesterday.

  Zhang said the new law focuses on the efficient use of water sources and emphasizes the harmonious(和谐) development of China’s population, its economy and environment.

Zhang also emphasizes the city will  crack down on  companies and individuals(个人)that pollute the city’s water sources. The bureau set up a special force to investigate(调查) water pollution in March.

  So far this year, the bureau has punished more than 3 million in fines(罚款) on various polluters, Zhang said.

59. When reporting the news, the author seemed to be a little       .

A. angry      B. surprised      C. shocked      D. worried

B

How can you find out what is going on inside a person’s body without opening the patient’s body up? Regular X rays can show a lot. CAT scan(扫描仪) can show even more. They can give a complete view of body organs(器官).

What is a CAT scan? CAT stands for a kind of machine. It is a special X-ray machine that gets a 360-degree picture of a small area of a patient’s body.

Doctors use X rays to study and determine diseases and injuries within the body. X rays can find a foreign object inside the body or take pictures of some inside organs to be X-rayed.

A CAT scanner, however, uses a group of X rays to give a cross-sectional(横截面) view of a specific part of the body. A fine group of X rays is scanned across the body and around the patient from many different directions. A computer studies the information from each direction and produces a clear cross-sectional picture on a screen. This picture is then photographed for later use. Several cross sections, taken one after another, can give clear “photos” of the entire body or of any body organs. The newest CAT scanners can even give clear pictures of active, moving organs, just as a fast-action camera can “stop the action”, giving clear pictures of what appears unclear to the eye. And because or the 360-degree pictures. CAT scans show clear and complete views of organs in a manner that was once only shown during operation or examination of a dead patient.

Frequent appearance before X rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body. Yet CAT scans actually don’t cause the patient to moue radiation(辐射) than regular X rays do. CAT scans can also be done without getting something harmful into the patient, so they are less risky than regular X rays.

CAT scans provide exact, detailed information. They can quickly find such a thing as bleeding inside the brain. They are helping to save lives.

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