¡¡¡¡ Several years ago, while attending a communication course, I experienced a most unusual process. The instructor asked us to list ¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡ ¡¡in our past that we felt ¡¡¡¡2¡¡ ¡¡of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud.

¡¡¡¡ This seemed like a very ¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡ ¡¡process, but there¡¯s always some ¡¡¡¡4¡¡ ¡¡soul in the crowd who will volunteer. The instructor then ¡¡¡¡5¡¡ ¡¡that we find ways to ¡¡¡¡6¡¡¡¡ ¡¡people, or take some action to right any wrongdoings. I was seriously wondering how this could ever ¡¡7¡¡ ¡¡my communication.

¡¡¡¡ Then the man next to me raised his hand and volunteered this story: ¡°Making my ¡¡¡¡8¡¡ ¡¡I remembered an incident from high school. I grew up in a small town where was a Sheriff ¡¡¡¡9¡¡ ¡¡of us kids liked. One night, my two buddies and I decided to play a ¡¡¡¡10¡¡ ¡¡on him. After drinking a few beers, we climbed the tall water tank in the middle of the town, and wrote on the tank in bright red paint: Sheriff Brown is a s.o.b. The next day, almost the whole town saw our glorious ¡¡¡¡11¡¡ . Within two hours, Sheriff Brown had us in his office. My friends told the truth but I lied. No one ¡¡¡¡12¡¡ ¡¡found out.¡±

¡¡¡¡ ¡°Nearly 20 years later, Sheriff Brown¡¯s name ¡¡¡¡13¡¡ ¡¡on my list. I didn¡¯t even know if he was still ¡¡¡¡14¡¡ ¡¡. Last weekend, I dialed the information in my hometown and found there was a Roger Brown still listed. I tried his number. After a few ¡¡¡¡15¡¡ , I heard, ¡®Hello?¡¯ I said, ¡®Sheriff Brown?¡¯ Pause. ¡®Yes.¡¯ ¡®Well, this is Jimmy Calkins. And I want you to know that I did it¡¯ Pause. ¡®I knew it!¡¯ he yelled back. We had a good laugh and a ¡¡¡¡16¡¡ ¡¡discussion. His closing words were: ¡®Jimmy, I always felt bad for you ¡¡¡¡17¡¡ ¡¡your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it ¡¡¡¡18¡¡ ¡¡all these years. I want to thank you for calling me ... for your sake.¡¯¡±

¡¡¡¡ Jimmy inspired me to ¡¡¡¡19¡¡ ¡¡all 101 items on my list within two years, and I always remember what I learned from the course: it¡¯s never too late to ¡¡¡¡20¡¡ ¡¡the past wrongdoings.

¡¡ 1. A. something¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. anything¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. somebody¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. anybody

¡¡ 2. A. ashamed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. afraid¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. sure¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. proud

¡¡ 3. A. private¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. secret¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. interesting¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. funny

¡¡ 4. A. foolish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. polite¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. simple¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. brave

¡¡ 5. A. expected¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. suggested¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. ordered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. demanded

¡¡ 6. A. connect with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. depend on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. make apologies to¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. get along with

¡¡ 7. A. improve¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. continue¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. realize¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. keep

¡¡ 8. A. notes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. list¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. plan¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. stories

¡¡ 9. A. any¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. none¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. all

¡¡ 10. A. part¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. game¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. trick¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. record

¡¡ 11. A. view¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. sign¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. attention¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. remark

¡¡ 12. A. also¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. even¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. still¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. ever

¡¡ 13. A. appears¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. considers¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. presents¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. remembers

¡¡ 14. A. angry¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. happy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. doubtful¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. alive

¡¡ 15. A. words¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. rings¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. repeats¡¡¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. calls

¡¡ 16. A. cold¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. plain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. nervous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. lively

¡¡ 17. A. in case¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. so long as¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. unless¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. because

¡¡ 18. A. around¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. out¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. away

¡¡ 19. A. build up¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. make up¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. clear up¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. give up

¡¡ 20. A. regret¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. forgive¡¡¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. right¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. punish

¡­make its programmes known to the public ¡­¡¡ ¡­making us believe that ¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡ make + n./pron. +adj./n./do/done (×÷±ö²¹)

¡¡¡¡¡¡ You may take a horse to the water, but you can¡¯t __________________(Ç¿ÆÈËüºÈË®).

¡¡¡¡¡¡ It¡¯ll ______________________(ʹÎÒ¸ßÐË) if you accept it.

¡¡¡¡¡¡ It was noisy. The speaker spoke loudly, but he couldn¡¯t ________(ÈÃÌýÖÚÌý¼ûËûµÄ»°).

¡¡¡¡¡¡ He often _____________(°ÑËûµÜµÜ¶º¿Þ), but today he __________(±»ËûµÜµÜ¶º¿Þ).

Keys:

make him drink

¡¡¡¡¡¡ make me happy

¡¡¡¡¡¡ make himself heard/make the listeners hear him

¡¡¡¡¡¡ makes his brother cry; was made to cry by his brother

Part 3:¡¡ Reading:

Making an advertisement for television often costs more than a movie. For example, a two-hour movie costs $ 6million to make. A TV commercial can cost more than $6,000 a second. And that does not include the cost of paying for air time(µçÊÓ½ÚÄ¿¿ªÊ¼µÄʱ¼ä). Which is more valuable, the program or the ad? In terms of money---- and making money is what television is all about----the commercial is by far the more important.

Research, market testing, talent, time and money----all come together to make us want to buy a product. No matter how bad we think a commercial is, it works. The sales of Charm went up once the ads began. TV commercials actually buy their way into our head. We, in return, buy the product.

¡¡¡¡¡¡ And the ads work because so much time and attention are given them. Here are some rules of commercial ad making. If you want to get the lower-middle-class buyer, make sure the announcer has a tough, manly voice. Put some people in the ad who work with their hands. If you want to sell to an upper-class audience, make sure that the house, the furniture, and the hair style are the types that the group identifies with. If you want the buyer feel superior to the character selling the product, then make that person so stupid or silly that everyone will feel great about himself or herself.

¡¡¡¡¡¡ We laugh at commercials. We don¡¯t think we pay that much attention to them. But evidence shows we are kidding ourselves. The making of a TV commercial that costs so much money is not kid stuff. It¡¯s big, big business. And it¡¯s telling us what to think, what we need, and what to buy. To put it simply, the TV commercial is a form of brainwashing.

1. TV commercials are more important than any other programs to television because______.

¡¡¡¡¡¡ A. they bring in great profits(ÀûÈó)

¡¡¡¡¡¡ B. they require a lot of money to make

¡¡¡¡¡¡ C. they are not difficult to produce

¡¡¡¡¡¡ D. they attract more viewers than other programs

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