75. According to the passage, which of the followings shows the correct order?

a. Photographs became popular in newspapers. 　

b. Photographers carried processing equipment while taking pictures. 　

c. The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier. 　

d. Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype. 　

e. Brady took pictures of famous people　

A. e,a,d,b,c　　　 　　　　　　 B. d,b,e,c,a　　　　 　 C. b,e,c,a,d　　　　　 D. d,c,e,a,b　

答案：72-75 CBDB

福建省南安一中10-11学年高二上学期期中考试

A

The Peales were a famous family of American artists. Charles Willson Peale is best remembered for his portraits of leading figures of the American Revolution. He painted portraits of Franklin and Jefferson and over a dozen of George Washington. His life-size portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian was so realistic that George Washington reportedly once tipped his hat to the figures in the picture.

　　 Charles Willson Peale gave up painting in his middle age and devoted his life to the Peale museum, which he founded in Philadelphia. The world’s first popular museum of art and natural science mainly covered paintings by Peale and his family as well as displays of animals in their natural settings. Peale found the animals himself and found a method to make the exhibits more lifelike. The museum’s most popular display was the skeleton of a huge, extinct elephant, which Peale unearthed on a New York farm in 1801.

　　 Three of Peale’s seventeen children were also famous artists. Raphaelle Peale often painted still lives of flowers, fruit, and cheese. His brother Rembrandt studied under his father and painted portraits of many noted people, including one of George Washington. Another brother, Rubens Peale, painted mostly landscapes and portraits.

　　 James Peale, the brother of Charles Willson Peale, specialized in miniatures (小画像). His daughter Sarah Miriam Peale was probably the first professional female portrait painter in America.

74. Photography can also be an art from because artists can ______. 　

A. take anything they like　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 B. keep a record of real life　

C. take photos of the famous　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 D. show ideas and feeling in pictures　

73. The first pictures of a war were taken by ______. 　

A. a French photographer in the 1840s　　　　　　　　　　 B. an American photographer in the 1860s　

C. a German reporter in the 1880s　　　　　　　　　 D. a French artist in the 1890s　

72. The passage is mainly about ______. 　

A. the invention of cameras　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. a kind of new art-photography　

C. the development of photography　　　　　　　　 D. the important dates in the history of photography　

70. The underlined word” misrepresent” in the passage means ______. 　

A. making a wrong judgment about　　　　 　　 B. understanding somebody wrongly　

C. giving a wrong description of　　　　　 　　　　　　 D. forming a wrong opinion about　

答案：69-71 DCB

E

In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.

The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another French, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.

Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.

In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to carry lots of films and processing equipment. But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States. After 1840s daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.

Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life-like and full of personality(个性).

Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.

In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy films ready-made in rolls(卷). So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.

With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favorite places. They called these pictures “snapshot”. Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawing.

Photography also turned into a form of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings like other art forms. 　

69. The best title for this passage is ______. 　

A. Warnings against making online friends　 　　 B. Message one can get on the Internet　

C. How to make friends on the Internet　　 　　 D. Safety tips for kids on the Internet　

68. The passage centers on ______.

A. memory　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 B. two kinds of memory　

C. short-term memory　　　　 　　　　　　　　 D. an experiment on students

答案：65-68 AADC

D

●Never give out identifying information such as Name, Home, Address, School Name, or Telephone Number in a public message such as at a chat room or on bulletin boards(布告牌). Never send a person a picture of you without first checking with your parents.

●Never reply to message or bulletin board items that are: Suggestive/Obscene(下流的)/Ready to fight/Express intention to hurt/Make you feel uncomfortable.

●Be careful when someone offers something for nothing such as gifts and money. Be very careful about any offers that get you to meet or have someone visit your house.

●Tell your parents right away if you come across any information that makes you feel uncomfortable.

●Never arrange a face-to-face meeting without telling your parents. If your parents agree to the meeting, make sure that you meet in a public place and have a parent with you.

●Remember that people online may not be who they seem. Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. Thus someone says that “she is a 12-year-old girl” could really be an old man.

●Be sure that you are dealing with someone that you and your parents know and trust before giving out any personal information about yourself through E-mail.

●Get to know your “online friend” just as you get to know all of your friends. 　

67. The word "subject" in the passage means ______.

A. memory　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 B. the theme of listening material

C. a branch of knowledge studied　　　　 　 D. the student experimented on

66. From Henning's result we can see that ______.

A. beginners have difficulty distinguishing the pronunciation of words

B. advanced students always remember words by their meaning

C. it is difficult to remember words that sound alike

D. it is difficult to remember words that have the same meaning

65. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Information in short-term memory is different from that in long-term memory.

B. Long-term memory can be achieved only by training.

C. It is easier to test short-term memory than long, term memory.

D. Henning gave a separate test on vocabulary to his students.