B

Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. The noise that affect sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.

Decibels(分贝)measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect.

Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frightened and confuse whales.

A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that loud noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales’ ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.

Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.

Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.

76. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?

A. The man-made noises.    B. The noises made by themselves.

C. The sound of earthquakes.            D. The sound of the ice-breaking.

77. Which of the following is discussed in the second paragraph?

A. Different places with different types of noises.

B. The very human ears sensitive to all types of noises.

C. The same noise measured differently on land and in the ocean.

D. The ocean animal’s reaction to noises.

78. As to the influence of noises on whales, which of the following statements is true?

A. They are deaf to noises.   B. Noises at a certain level may hurt them.

C. They are easily confused by noises.       D. Noises will limit their ability to reproduce.

79. We can know from the passage that many scientists think that the noise limit of one hundred twenty decibels would______.

A. prevent them from doing their research work

B. benefit them a lot in their research work

C. do good to their health     D. increase the industrial output

80. According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?

A. They will try their best to decrease noise.

B. They will work hard to cut down noise pollution.

C. They will study the effect of different noises.

D. They will protect animals from harmful noises.

A

A letter to Edward, a columnist (报刊专栏作家)

Dear Mr. Expert:

I grew up in an unhappy and abusive (漫骂的) home. I always promised myself that I’d get out as soon as possible. Now, at age 20, I have a good job and a nice house, and I’m really proud of the independence I’ve achieved.

Here’s the problem: several of my friends who still live with their parents wish they had places like mine - so much so that they make mine theirs.

It started out with a couple of them spending the weekends with me. But now they seem to take it for granted that they can show up any time they like. They bring boyfriends over, talk on the phone and stay out forever.

I enjoy having my friends here sometimes - it makes the place feel comfortable and warm - but this is my home, not a party house. I was old enough to move out on my own, so why can’t I seem to ask my friends to respect my privacy?

Joan

Edward’s reply to Joan

Dear Joan:

If your family didn’t pay attention to your needs when you were a child, you probably have trouble letting others know your needs now.

And if you’ve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere, you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with - or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy. You need to understand that in true friendship it’s okay to put your own needs first from time to time.

Be clear about the message you want to send. For example, “I really love your company but I also need some privacy. So please call before you come over.”

71. We can learn from the first letter that Joan ________.

A. lives away from her parents             B. takes pride in her friends

C. knows Mr. Expert quite well            D. hates her parents very much

72. We can infer from the first letter that ________.

A. Joan considers her friends more important than her privacy

B. Joan’s friends visit her more often than she can accept

C. Joan doesn’t like the parties at all

D. Joan dislikes the boyfriends her friends bring over

73. According to Mr. Edward, why can’t Joan tell her friends her feelings?

A. She is afraid of hurting her friends.       B. She does not understand true friendship.

C. Her family experience stops her from doing so.  D. She does not put her needs first.

74. The underlined word “conflict” in the second letter means________.

A. dependent life            B. fierce(激烈的)fight  C. bad manners  D. painful feeling

75. The second letter suggests that Mr. Edward ________.

A. is worried about Joan’s problem         B. warns Joan not to quarrel with her friends

C. advises Joan on how to refuse people     D. encourages Joan to be brave enough

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