20.(全国卷1)-Oh dear ! I’ve just broken a window.
-_______. It can’t be helped .
A. Never mind B. All right C. That’s fine D. Not at all
Part
6 Reading: Read
and then ask and answer five questions on the passage, using who,
what, where, when or how.
Have you ever seen a Volcano? A volcano is
one of the most surprising and frightening forces of nature. Perhaps you have
seen pictures of these “fireworks’’ of nature in action.
Any natural opening in the
earth’s crust, called a fissure(裂缝) where melted rock ,ash, gases, and steam come out, is called a
volcano. Volcanoes look like mountains, but they are really flat land that is
pushed upward because of the pressure below the earth.
There are thousands of
volcanoes all over the world. Volcanoes are formed when the earth’s plates
shift. There are five basic types of volcanoes: Caldera, Cone, Lava Dome, Shield,
and Strato. Volcanoes are put into these five
categories according to how they are formed, how they erupt, and where they are
formed.
When people think of volcanoes,
they think of great explosions or eruptions, but they can also be little lava flows.
Big explosions throw out new lava and other fragments such as hot volcanic rock
and ash. Eruptions can destroy a whole island or town if they are very strong
and violent. When lava flows from the volcano, it moves in large rivers across
the land. It burns everything in its way. People who live near active volcanoes
have to pay attention to the eruption warnings given by the scientists.
It is important for scientists to know what is happening with a
volcano. Volcanoes act in certain ways before erupting. Scientists look for
ways to tell when a volcano is about to erupt by studying how the magma(岩浆) below the volcano is moving. If
the magma is rising, three things begin to happen. First, earthquakes and other
seismic(地震的)
activities begin. Second, the volcano begins to get larger at the top or back side.
Third, volcanic gases are released from vents. These three events help
scientists know when the volcano is about to erupt. If a volcano begins to act as
it is going to erupt, scientists visit the volcano to study it for 24 hors a day.
Many scientists work together to see how the volcano affects land, water, and
animals before and after an eruption.