62. _________ played the most important role in the tourism development. A. Education　 B. Money　　 C. Transportation　 D. People’s ideas

61. In the early times, the travelers _________. A. all came from Roman　　　　　　　 B. were very young and strong C. had lots of money　　　　　　　　 D. traveled by boat

60. What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English? A. Those geographically close to the United States. B. Those interested in the culture of the United States. C. Former colonies of Great Britain. D. Countries where international conferences are held.

D

Tourism probably started in Roman times. Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire. But when the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped. 　　 In the early 17th century, the idea of the “Grand Tour” was born. Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel. They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice(威尼斯)in Italy. Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city. The “Grand Tour” was an important part of young people’s education-but only for the rich. 　　 In the 18th century, tourism began to change. For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to “take the waters”. They believed that the water there was good for their health. So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns. 　　 In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster. When the first railways were built in the 1820s, it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays by the sea. And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier.

Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built. People began to travel more to far away countries. 　　 The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people. Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them. 　　 Thus tourism grew. In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays. The company organizes everything-plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food-and tourists pay for it all before they leave home. The package tour and modern tourist industry was born. 　　 The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949. But tourism did not take off until 1978. In 2002, the industry was worth 500 billion yuan and became an important part of China’s social development.

59. What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?

　 A. The ability to read a newspaper.

　 B. It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.

　 C. Being a multilingual.

　 D. Being a native speaker.

58. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English? A. It was popular during Shakespeare’s time. B. It is used in former British colonies. C. It serves the needs of its native speakers. D. It is a world language that is used for international communication.

57. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. B. There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world. C. It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English. D. People learn English for a variety of reasons.

56. What would be the best title for this passage? A. The Difficulties of Learning English B. International Communications C. The Standard Varieties of English D. English as a World Language

55. The proper title of this article may be ___________.

　 A. Friends　　　　　 B. How to make friends

　 C. A true friend　　　 D. A so-called friend

C

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated(估计) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms. 　　 In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate(足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation. 　　 The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

54. Which of the following is not true?

　 A. you should tell true friends from phoneys

　 B. true friendship is too difficult to find

　C. you can share your joys and sorrows with a true friend

　 D. a true friend will stand by you whatever happens

53. “so-called” friends refer to _______.

　 A. fair-weather friends

　 B. those who want to benefit from you

　 C. the friends who are in the surface only

　 D. all of the above