2. 开头已写出，不计入总词数。

Shopping on the Internet

With the development of the Internet and the wide use of computers, shopping on the Internet is becoming more and more popular. People can buy almost anything they want online.

1. 词数：110左右；

84. Why was Ostrom awarded the Nobel prize for economics?　 (not more than 16 words)(3’)

SECTION C(25’)

Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese

随着因特网的发展和计算机的普及，网上购物越来越普遍。 某英文报社对“网上购物的利弊”这一话题进行征稿。请你以“Shopping on the Internet”为题，写一篇短文，给该英文报社投稿。

要求：

83. Why was Ostrom advised not to take a PhD when she applied for graduate school?　 (not more than 9 words)(3’)

82. What does “cross-disciplinary” mean according to the passage?　 (not more than 9 words)(2’)

81. How did Ostrom feel when she got the prize?　 (not more than 3 words) (2’)

70. “We have tried to teach the children good values” may probably mean Duffy’s parents often tell their children_________.

A. to help people in danger　　　　 B. how to save people’s lives

C. to remember the value of the car　　 D. how to do business

PART FOUR WRITING(45’)

SECTION A(10’)

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.

Sharks have lived in the oceans for over 450 million years, long before dinosaurs appears. There are now about 360 species of sharks, whose size, behavior, and other characteristics differ widely.

Sharks range in size from the 6-inch-long dwarf-dog shark to the 60-foot-long whale shark---the world’s biggest fish. The whale sharks, like two other large shark species---the basking shark and the mega mouth shark---are harmless to people because they feed on plants and small aquatic animals.

Every year, we catch and kill over 100 million sharks, mostly for food and for their fins. Dried shark fins are used to make shark fin soup, which sells for as much as $50 a bowl in fine Hong Kong restaurants. Other sharks are killed for sport and out of fear. Sharks are vulnerable(脆弱的) to overfishing because it takes most species 10 to 15 years to begin reproducing and they produce only a few offspring.

While sharks are seen as people-eating monsters, they help save human lives. In addition to providing people with food, they are helping us in cancer. They are among the few animals in the world that almost never get cancer. A research shows that chemicals extracted from shark cartilage(软骨) have killed cancerous tumors in laboratory animals .Their highly effective immune system also allows wounds to heal quickly without becoming infected.

Sharks are needed in the world’s ocean ecosystems. Although they don’t need us , we need them. We are much more dangerous to sharks than they are to us. For every shark that bites a person, we kill one million sharks.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Sharks

SECTION B(10’)

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

A political scientist from Indiana University whose work exploring how people come together to preserve their collective resources may provide important clues in the fight against climate change has become the first woman to win the Nobel prize for economics.

Elinor Ostrom, 76, shares 2009 Nobel prize with fellow American academic Oliver Williamson, 77. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced to the world the pair had been chosen to win the 40th prize in economic sciences.

For Ostrom, the award came, as a "big surprise". To rise to the peak of her area of learning has been a big journey, as she has had to struggle against her own weaknesses and the barriers of the system. At school in Los Angeles, she suffered from stuttering. She also faced the barriers common to most women of her generation entering the sciences --- she was discouraged from taking a PhD when she applied for graduate school.

Her field of study has been striking for how cross-disciplinary it is. Early on she gained a reputation for bringing economics, political science and sociology together.

What interests her is how common property can be managed successfully through groups in society. The findings of her research have been striking, as the Nobel committee pointed out, because they have challenged the traditional assumption that common property is poorly managed unless it is either controlled by government or privatized. She has shown how different individuals can band together and form collectives that protect the resource at hand.

“A lot of people are waiting for more international co-operation to solve global warming.” Ostrom said , “It is important that there is international agreement, but we can be taking steps at family level, community level, civic and national level … There are many steps that can be taken. That will not solve it on their own but continuously will make a big difference.”