65．The 80/20 rule shows the fact that _________.

A. the majority of people are powerless　　　　　　　　　 　 B. there is not enough work for people

C. a small group may be a great power　　　　　　 D. there exists a problem of overpopulation

64．What do the underlined words “underground bestsellers”(in Paragraph 3)refer to in this text?

A. Books which are good but few people know about.

B. Books which become popular without putting advertisements

C. Booksellers who sell books without putting advertisements

D. Booksellers who are good at selling books.

63．The writer’s main purpose is to tell us_________.

A. how diseases spread　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　B. how ideas are formed

C. how popularity takes place　　　　　　　　　　　D. what diseases and ideas have in common

62. What is the main idea of this text?

A. Success is possible only when a person has clearly set his goal.

B. Working hard can lead to success.

C. Failure always results from your giving up easily.

D. No matter when you set goals, you will succeed.

C

It seems like every year brings a new outbreak of sickness. Recent research tells us how diseases spread, from person to person. And it also gives us an idea how we can spread something better than diseases.

An author called Malcom Gladwell recently published a book explaining how the process works. We usually think of an epidemic(流行病)as a force of nature that rolls over anyone in its way. In fact, it starts with a single person or very few people. These people travel around and infect(传染)small groups in different places. When enough of these groups are infected, then the disease suddenly seems to be everywhere. Gladwell also found that the process of infection was not just limited to disease? It also affects the world of ideas.

The process can be seen in books and fashion. So called “underground bestsellers” are not pushed towards the public. They spread through hundreds of small reading groups until the day when everybody you know seems to have a copy. A group of young people may decide to wear an item of clothing simply because no one else is wearing it. Designers who monitor street fashion then pick up the idea and spread it. Finally everyone is wearing it.

New York is often described as an unfriendly place. People are too busy looking after business to look after each other. In the early 1990s, one unknown person decided to perform at least one kind act a day. This caught on with his or her friends. The newspapers noticed the trend(趋势). New York became full of people smiling and carrying each other’s bags.

The success of trends like this fits in with other social phenomena(现象). One is the 80/20 rule. This was invented by economists who noticed that in any situation 20 percent of the people did 80 percent of the work. Another is the “bystander problem”. Psychologists noticed that in accidents where a large number of people were around, no one stepped forward to help. Each person supposed that someone else would do something. When there were less people present, more of them decided to offer help.

What all this proves is the power of individuals(个人)and small groups. The “epidemic model” could be a great way of making a business grow or spreading an idea. A small start can make a big difference.

61. The underlined word “stimulate” in this passage means ________.

A. encourage　　　　 B. see　　　 C. interest　　　 D. understand

60. What does the author want to say in paragraph 4?

A.　 To write down our goal is helpful to achieve it.

B.　　 To sign a contract with other people is necessary.

C.　　 To face the difficulties is important.

D.　 To discuss with others and ask for their help is useful.

59. According to the text, the most important thing in realizing one’s goal is to ________.

A.　 try to be realistic about one’s ability

B.　　 have a clear understanding of what he wants in life

C.　　 experience everything he wants in life

D.　 try to keep himself happy in daily life

58. The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt, instruct.” suggests that ___.

A. we do not learn from experience　　　　 B. we do not learn when we are in pain

C. pain teaches us important lessons　　　 D. pain cannot be avoided

B

Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do, be and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow yourself to make your life happen.

Successful and happy people have an idea of how their life should be and they set lots of goals(both short- term and long-term)to help them reach their vision(幻想). By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It’s having a map to show you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are two drivers. One has a destination in mind(her goal)which is laid out for her on a map. She can drive straight there without any wasted time or wrong turns. The other driver has no goal or destination or map. She starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver, but she drivers aimlessly around, never getting anywhere, just using up gas and oil. Which driver do you want to be?

Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set, and they aren’t difficult to reach. It’s up to you to find out what your goals and dreams really are. You are the one who must decide what to pursue(追求)and in what direction to aim your life.

Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it. Written goals can be reviewed regularly, and have more power. Like a contract(合同)with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget.

Also when you write your goal in a particular fashion you are able to stimulate yourself to continuously pay attention to the situation that will make your goals go further.

57. According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to _____.

A. encourage them to learn more and improve themselves

B. teach them to fear the pain of solving problems

C. help them learn to deal with pain

D. teach them how to respect from problems

45. The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to _____.

A. save space　　　　　　　　　　 B. persuade readers

C. make readers laugh　　　　　　 D. get readers’ attention