1．It was late last Monday, but Tom was still 　1　 TV in his room. There was a wonderful football match on TV. 　2　 excited(激动的)he was! That night he 　3　 　go to bed until twelve o'clock.

6. Working 　very 　hard, he didn t feel a bit tired. 尽管拼命地工作,却丝毫不感到疲劳。

　可以转换成:Though he worked very hard, he didn t feel a bit tired. (表示让步)

5. Having 　brought 　her 　father 　back 　to 　England, Lucie helped him to get better.(=After she had brought her father back to England, Lucie helped him to get better.)

露西把父亲带回英国之后，就帮助他恢复健康。(表示时间)

4. The poor of the cities, having 　lived 　such 　a 　hard 　life, took up their guns.(=As they had lived such a hard life, the poor of the cities took up their guns.)

城市贫民由于长期过着艰苦的生活，所以拿起了武器。(表示原因)

“having+过去分词”结构是 v-ing的完成式，也可以作状语，但它所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

3. Entering 　the 　small 　room, Defarge found Dr. Manette making a shoe.(= When he entered the small room, Defarge found Dr. Manette making a shoe.)

　 德法奇走进小房时，发现曼奈特医生正在缝制鞋子。(表示时间)

2. Being 　a 　brave 　man, Charles returned to France.(= As he was a brave man, Charles returned to France.)

　 因为查尔斯很勇敢，所以他回到法国。(表示原因)

1. Charles left France; he preferred to give up his fortune..(= Charles left France, preferring 　to give up his fortune)

　 查尔斯离开法国，宁愿放弃他的财产。(表示伴随状态)

16. concern　　 17. endangering 18. international 19. prohibited　　 20. appreciated

11. Convention 12. decreased　 13. established　 14. measures　　 15. illegal　

6. adds　 7. atmosphere　 8. beneficial　 9. decrease　 10. apparently