(2009·郑州模拟)
A
superstition is a belief people hold which is not based on reason. There is no
logic to superstition. Their beliefs often __1__ the laws of nature as
we know them. People who have superstition, or who are superstitious, believe
that they can either __2__ themselves good luck or avoid bad luck of
disasters by acting in __3__ ways. An example of this involves salt. __4__
some people spill salt, they immediately take some of it and __5__ it
over their left shoulder. In this way, they feel they will __6__ bad
luck.
Why
do people believe in superstitions? __7__ did they begin to think they
could control their luck?
We
read __8__ about some of the Greek, Roman and Norse gods. People in __9__
times believed that these gods __10__ their lives and all of nature.
They tried to keep their gods __11__ by giving them gifts. When there
were natural __12__， people thought that the gods
were __13__ with them, so they tried to make the gods happy again. This
is __14__ we got the idea that we could affect our __15__ by certain
actions.
Many
superstitions have been __16__ by people for centuries. Yet there is __17__
need for them today, __18__ people in most parts of the world don’t believe that there are a lot
of gods. We __19__ try to make the gods happy with gifts or keep them
from anger with certain actions. __20__，
however, many of the actions continue in modern times. We still have our
superstitions.
1． A.
agree with B.
believe in
C.
go against D.
favor
2．
A. bring B.
refuse
C.
set D.
provide
3．
A. dependable B. certain
C.
definite D.
good
4．
A. When B.
Unless
C.
Even if D.
Though
5．
A. throw B.
get
C. take D.
run
6．
A. have B.
escape
C.
get D.
avoid
7．
A. Where B.
When
C.
Why D.
How
8．
A. later B.
earlier
C.
earnestly D.
sooner
9．
A. good B.
hard
C.
modern D.
ancient
10．A. contr olled B.
guided
C.
cared for D.
created
11．A. happy B.
sad
C.
angry D.
pleasant
12．A. happenings B.
disasters
C.
events D.
achievements
13．A. satisfied B.
angry
C.
pleased D.
surprised
14．A. where B.
when
C.
because D.
how
15．A. family B.
work
C.
fate D.
study
16．A. believed B.
refused
C.
had D.
held
17．A. much B.
a little
C.
a great deal of D.
little
18．A. since B.
whether
C.
if D.
while
19．A. still B.
not more
C.
no longer D.
already
20．A. Somewhere B.
Therefore
C.
Somehow D.
Also
[答案]
本文是说明文。主要介绍什么是迷信思想以及人们为什么会相信这些迷信思想。
1．C。根据上一句“There is no logic to supertition”以及下文描述可知，迷信的人的信念往往违背自然规律。所以用go against“违反，违背”。agree with“同意，适合”；believe in“相信，信任”；favor“亲切，宠爱”，均不符合句意。
2．A。根据后半句“避免厄运”可知此处应为“带来好运”。bring
sb. good luck“给某人带来好运”。
3．B。他们相信可以通过某些方式(in certain ways)给自己带来好运，避免厄运。certain“某个，某些”；dependable“依赖的”；definite“明确的，确定的”；good“好的”。
4．A。when引导时间状语从句，“当……的时候”。句意：当一些人撒盐的时候，他们就会拿一些从左肩扔过去。
5．A。与上句一起理解。throw
sth. over...“把某物从……扔过去”。
6．D。由上文内容可知，人们这样做当然是为了避免厄运。avoid“避免，消除”。escape“逃脱”，不符合句意。
7．D。下文讲述了人们为什么相信迷信，如何会认为自己能控制运气。因此，这里应用how“如何”。
8．B。本段讲述人们迷信的由来，由此可知，此处填earlier“以前，较早的时候”。
9．D。因为下文描述的都是古代的事情，所以用in ancient times“在古代”。
10．A。由下文“so they tried to make the gods happy
again”可知古代的人们认为神能控制(control)人的生命及大自然的一切。guide“指导，管理”；care for“关怀，照顾”；create“创造，造成”，均不符合语境。
11．A。由下文“so they tried to make the gods happy
again”可知，此句应该为“他们设法通过送礼物使神高兴”。
12．B。由“make the gods happy again”可知这是神不高兴的时候，这时应该是灾难(disasters)出现的时候。happening“发生的事情”；event“事件”；achievement“成就”，均不符合语境。
13．B。当发生自然灾难时，人们会认为这是神对他们不满，因此用灾难来惩罚他们。be angry with sb.“生某人的气”。be satisfied/pleased with“对……满意”；be surprised at/by“对……感到吃惊”。
14．D。上文讲述了迷信的来历，因此本句意思为“这就是我们如何(how)得出了这样一个观点，即我们可以通过某些行为影响我们的命运”。
15．C。与上句一起理解。由上下文可知，此处谈论的是神对人命运(fate)的影响。
16．D。hold
superstitions“相信迷信，持有迷信思想”。此题易误选A。believe表示“相信某人的话，某人的行为”；believe
in“相信某种信念”。
17．D。由句首的yet可知，此句与上句意思相反，故此处应用具有否定意义的词。所以选D。
18．A。since在本句中表示原因，“既然，由于”。然而现在很多人都不相信迷信了，因为(since)很多地方的人都不相信在这个世界上有很多神。
19．C。由上文“很多人不再相信迷信”可知，我们不再用礼物来哄神高兴了。所以用no longer“不再”。still“还，仍”；already“已经”。
20．C。由“many of the actions continue in modern
times”可知上下句之间是转折关系。句意：然而很多迷信活动还是以某种方式继续存在于现代社会中。所以用somehow“以某种方式，某种方法”。somewhere“在某处”；therefore“因此，所以”；also“也”。