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Architecture is to building as literature to the printed word.The best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art. 2. The Renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well.In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted (重新诠释). They remain dominant until the 20th century. 3. Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and can be expected to endure.Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials are more adaptable to industrial use.  4. The complexity of modern life calls for a variety of building. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping center  s, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they are sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of building accumulated experiences needed by their designers. 5. By the middle of the 20th century, modern architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modern architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete (钢筋混凝土). Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effects. |
hitecture as an Art If eighteen-year-old Karki doesn't turn out to be the next Edison, I'll chop off my locks This kid invented a solar pane (嵌板) which uses human hair as a conductor and could provide the world with cheap, green electricity, solving the energy crisis.
Karki, a Nepal teenager, who lives in a village in Rural Nepal, used human hair to replace silicon, which is a common but expensive component of solar panels.
By using hair as a replacement, Karki says solar panels can be produced for around 23 pounds. But if they were mass-produced, Karki says they could be sold for less than half that price, which could make them a quarter of the price of those already on the market.
The solar panel works because melanin, the substance giving hair its color, is light sensitive and can act as an electrical conductor. Karki was inspired to follow this route by a Stephen Hawking book, which explained how to create energy from hair.
The device (设备) Karki has shown is able to produce 9V or 18W of energy -- plenty to charge a mobile phone. Half a kilo of hair can be bought for only 16p in Nepal and lasts a few months, where as a pack of batteries would cost 50p and last a few nights," according to Karki.
Karki has now sent out several devices to other districts near his village for testing. "First I wanted to provide electricity for my home, then my village. Now I am thinking for the world," he said.
Karki says the idea is more important than ever because of the urgent need for renewable energies in the face of limited power sources and global warming. Slowly, natural resources are decreasing. One day we will be in a great crisis. This is an easy solution for the crisis we are having today.
64. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Introduction of Solar Panels B. Functions of a New Solar Panel
C. Special Solar panel Materials D. Karki Invented a New Solar Panel
65. Why did Karki want to invent a solar panel with hair?
A. Because hair is not very expensive.
B. Because silicon is hard to find.
C. Because he wanted to provide electricity for his home.
D. Because the energy crisis is very serious in his home town.
66. From the last paragraph we can know ________.
A, Karki s invention is of great importance
B. Karki can predict what will happen in the future
C. the energy crisis will disappear in the future
D. Karki's invention will make him wealthy
67. The purpose of this passage is to ________.
A. Karki for his great invention B. introduce a new solar panel
C. promote the sales of solar panels D. warn people of the energy crisis
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A Tchaikovsky concerto（协奏曲）is what made Romel Joseph fall in love with the violin.
He learned how to play in Haiti, where he was born, but a Fulbright scholarship brought him to the United States, and he finally earned a master’s degree, reports CBS News reporter Katie Couric. Music had changed his life. He wanted to do the same for the children of Haiti.
Joseph built a school in Port-au-Prince nearly 20 years ago. He was on the third floor when suddenly “It was like boom boom boom and everything just opened,” Joseph said. “And the next thing I knew I was on the ground.”
Blind since birth, Joseph tried to feel his way out, but was pinned（夹）beneath heavy concrete（混凝土）. He remained trapped for 18 hours. He prays that his new wife, seven months pregnant（怀孕的）, will be found.
He is now being treated at Miami’s Jackson Memorial Hospital for two injured legs and an arm.
Joseph wonders if he’ll ever play the violin again. He can feel sensation（知觉）in his fingertips. He said, “If you were to give me a violin and if I didn’t have to fold the fingers, I would be able to play.”
Joseph’s daughter Victoria spent three terrifying days unsure of her father’s fate. For her, having him home is the sweetest music.
“Can you imagine your dad not being able to play the violin?” Couric asked.
“No, I can’t,” Victoria Joseph said. “But I will love him all the same if he can’t.”
Romel doesn’t know how many of his 300 students died in the quake. As he waits for news about his wife, Romel Joseph is already planning a return to Haiti to rebuild the school and continue teaching there.
“We can save two children, 20, 200, 300, 500 through education and music, and these children will make a difference,” Romel Joseph said.
1. Romel began to like music ________.
A. because he was blind since birth
B. after he had listened to a famous piece of music
C. when he got a scholarship to study in America
D. since he was born in Haiti
2.From what Romel said in Paragraph 6, we can infer that he was ________.
A. upset B. fearful C. excited D. optimistic
3.To Victoria, the best thing is ________.
A. to see her father recover from the injury quickly
B. to listen to her father playing the sweetest music
C. to play the violin as well as her father
D. to be sure that her father could play the violin
4.Why does Romel want to go back to Haiti?
A. To save his students from the earthquake.
B. To change the life of children by teaching music.
C. To find out how seriously his school was damaged.
D. To look for his wife who is pregnant.
5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Music education: keep your creativity alive
B. A great blind musician and his students
C. Haiti earthquake: a story of a music teacher
D. How did some Haiti earthquake victims survive
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你校英文报社在“世界无烟日 (World No-Smoking Day)”前夕征集关于吸烟危害健康的英语文章，请你为其投稿。内容至少包括以下要点：
1．吸烟会危害自身及他人的健康；
2．世界卫生组织 (The WHO) 声称每年至少两百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病；
3．呼吁：吸烟者戒烟；公共场所禁烟；青少年远离香烟……
首句已给出，可适当发挥。词数：120左右。
As is known to us all, smoking does harm to not only smokers themselves but also people around them.
假如你叫李明。你的好友Mark生病了，在家复习迎考。以下是学校关于期末考试的通知，请根据该通知写一份120左右的e-mail给Mark，告诉他考试的情况。
Notice on the Final Exams
| 时间：下周四——the last day of the exam week 内容：五个问题中任意回答三个；写作文一篇 复习范围：课本，期中考试试卷和笔记。 计分：期末考试占55%；期中考试占25%; 研究性课程占20%。 |
注意：
1．开头已写好，不计入总词数；
2．生词：研究性课程 research work 分数 grade
Dear Mark,
It’s a pity that you can’t go over your lessons with us．_____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Ming
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