⑴ Every language has its own special words and expressions. And a story can be told about each of them. Hot is a simple, easily understood word. So are most of the expressions made with the word hot. But not always, as we shall see.
⑵ The words hot potato, for example, give you no idea at all to the meaning of the expression, hot potato. The potato is popular and many Americans like baked potatoes. Imagine trying to carry a hot potato in your hand. It would be difficult, even painful, to do so. Some publicly argued problems are highly emotional. The problems must be treated carefully, or they will be difficult and painful if an elected official has to deal with them. One such hot potato is taxes. Calling for higher taxes can mean defeat for a politician. And yet, if taxes are not raised, some very popular government programs could be cut. And that also can make a politician very unpopular. The questions must be dealt with carefully, the same way you would handle any other hot potato.
⑶ Another expression is not so hot. If you ask someone how she feels, she may answer “not so hot”. What she means is she does not feel well. Not so hot also is a way of saying you do not really like something. You may tell a friend that the new play you saw last night is not so hot. That means ____________________________.
⑷ A hot shot is a person, often a young person, who thinks he can do anything. He is very sure he can succeed. But often he fails. The expression was born in the military forces. A hot shot was a soldier who fired without aiming carefully.
⑸ Hot is a word that is often used to talk about anger. A person who becomes angry easily is called a hothead. An angry person’s neck often becomes red. We say he is hot under the collar.
【小题1】What is the text mainly about? (no more than 8 words)
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【小题2】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with a proper sentence. ( no more than 8 words)
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【小题3】Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
As you would deal with other difficult problems, you must be careful with these ones.
__________________________________________________________________________________
【小题4】List three situations where “hot” expressions can be used according to the text. (no more than 30 words)
①________________________________________________________________
②________________________________________________________________
③________________________________________________________________
【小题5】Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.
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阅读下面短文并用英语回答问题，请将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的字数要求)。

Empathy

【1】Last year,researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy,the ability to understand other people，among college students had dropped sharply over the past 1 0 years．That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time，the researchers said．Today,people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs．

【2】Jennifer Freed，a co—director of a teen program，has another explanation．Turn on the TV,and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting，competing，and generally treating one another with no respect. Humans learn by example-and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic．

【3】There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples．Humans are socially related by nature．Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human-and having empathy is decisive to those relationships．Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect．Besides，empathy can be a cure for loneliness，sadness，anxiety,and fear．

【4】Empathy is also an indication of a good leader．In fact,Freed says，many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things that they look for in new managers．Good social skills-including emoathy-are essential abilities that will help you succeed in many areas of life．"Academics are important．But if you don’t have emotional intelligence，you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life，”she says．

【5】____?For starters，let down your guard and really listen to others．“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking，”Freed says．

【6】To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital，join a club or a team that has a diverse membership，have a“sharing circle’’with your family,or spend time caring for pets at all animal shelter．

1.According to the passage, what happened to the college students?（no more than 15 words）

_________________________________________________________________________

2.What influenced the students’ ability of empathy?（Please list three aspects.）

_____________________,_____________________and_____________________

3.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

_________________________________________________________________________

4.Fill in the blank in Para.5 with proper words.（no more than 10 words）

_________________________________________________________________________

5.If a college student lacks the ability of empathy, what things can be do to improve？

（at least two points, 15-25 words）

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）
[1]Why play sports? You might say “to get exercise” and you’d be right. To have fun? That’s true, too. But there’s more. In fact, there are at least 5 more reasons. According to the Women’s Sports Foundation, girls who play sports get a lot more than just fit.
[2]Girls who play sports do better in school. You might think that athletics wi1l take up all your study time. But research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who don’t. Exercise improves learning, memory, and concentration, which can give active girls an advantage in the classroom.
[3]Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goal-setting skills. Sports teach valuable life skills. When you work with coaches, trainers, and teammates to win games and achieve goals. you’re learning how to be successful. Those skills will        at work and in family life.
[4] Sports are good for a girl’s health. In addition to being fit and maintaining (维持) a healthy weight, girls who p1ay sports are also less likely to smoke. And later in life, girls who exercise are less likely to get breast cancer or osteoporosis (骨质疏松).
[5]Playing sports builds self-confidence. Girls who play sports feel better about themselves. Why? It builds confidence when you know you can achieve your goals. Sports are also a feel-good activity because they help girls get in shape, maintain a healthy weight, and make new friends.
[6] Exercise cuts the pressure. Playing sports can reduce stress and help you feel a little happier. How? The brain chemicals released during exercise improve a person’s mood. Friends are another mood-lifter. And being on a team creates tight bonds between friends. It’s good to know your teammates will support you—both on and off the field!
【小题1】What’s the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)
【小题2】List three advantages that exercise can give you when you are in school. (two words for each)
【小题3】Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 3 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
【小题4】Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 into Chinese.
【小题5】What can lift your mood while playing sports? (no more than l5 words)

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的词数要求）

[1]The government employs many people to take care of our city. However, these professionals can not help out everyone by themselves. They need our help!

[2]Volunteering is something that really helps as individuals. Volunteering is when we regularly go and do nice things for other people. Volunteers may help out in local retirement homes, or in hospitals. Some volunteers work with poor people and other volunteers help teach orphaned children to read.

[3]Volunteering teaches mature thinking. Volunteering gives us a chance to stop complaining about our lives and realize exactly how lucky we are. We are able to see the people who really need the help. Volunteering also teaches more about the quality of being responsible for others and ourselves, the character of giving understanding and showing pity to others in trouble.

[4]Volunteering gives us a chance to our share of the work of making this society the best it possibly can be. It helps us feel good about ourselves when we can help those who rally need our help. When we can make somebody else feel special, it helps us remember what life is really about.

[5]There are many places that you can go to try volunteering. Here are a few places for you

◆Hospitals—You can go and visit people who are really sick. Sometimes all they need is someone who will talk with them, or someone

◆Orphanage—The children living here really need someone to play with them.

◆Food shelter—Many food shelters can really use more people willing to just organize the shelters and help distribute the food to those who need it.

◆Community center—Although a lot of community centers are well run, some of them can really           , especially with cleaning and with repairs.

◆Retirement home—Many of the elderly people living here have lived very fascinating lives. Lister to them.

Whatever you decide to do, just do the best you can. Remember that giving can be its own reward!

What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?(no more than 10 words)

                                                      .

According to the underlined part of Paragraph 3, list three words that can summarize what volunteering can also teach us about.

    ①             ②             ③      

Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?

We will understand the real meaning of life if we let others feel they are different.

Fill in the blank with proper words(no more than 5 words)

Please translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4.

[1] Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior. One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards.

[2] They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game, which is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher. The most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself,                  . The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment.

[3] The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children were ages two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children were ages five to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs — or intelligence quotients — of the younger children who were not spanked (打屁股) were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.

[4] Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development is. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.

1. What is the best title of the passage? (no more than 10 words)

2.Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

Compared to the children's IQs whose parents use physical punishment, the result of those whose parents don't is 5 points higher.

3.Fill in the blank in paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)

4. List three facts that lead to the most successful behavior in paragraph 2. (no more than 8 words)

5.Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 into Chinese.