There is a joke among flu researchers: “If you've seen one flu season, you've seen one flu season.” The joke is about the unpredictable nature of the flu virus．Every year it looks different, and every strain (类型) follows its own pattern — it's the reason why new strains like H1N1 are extremely difficult to predict.

       Dr．Michael Osterholm is a former adviser to the U.S．Department of Health and Human Services．“I know less about influenza today than I did 10 years ago,” he says in a joking way．“Every stone we've turned over, we get more questions.”

       The flu rectums every season and the world experiences terrible pandemics (全国或全世界范围流行的疾病), but researchers still do not understand why some strains infect people and others do not; they are not entirely sure about how the flu is transmitted; nor do they understand why some patients become seriously ill while others develop mild symptoms (症状)．As a result, when a new strain shows up — like H1N1 — they often have little information to fall back on, and the lessons of previous pandemics are only somewhat helpful．While researchers are still putting together a complete picture of H1N1, for example, its most striking difference with the seasonal flu is that the elder1y are not the most vulnerable (易受攻击的) population.

       Influenza's unpredictable nature makes it a moving target for researchers, says researcher Allison Aiello at the University of Michigan．“Even if we had complete seasonal flu data from the past, it wouldn't be much helpful for a new strain of influenza,” she explains.

       Whi1e researchers are frustrated by the holes in their knowledge, they say, however, that the pub1ic--health community is generally doing a very good job responding to H1N1 with seasonal flu data that do exist．Studying influenza, says Osterholm, is “like looking through the windows of a house you can't get into because the door is locked.” Gathering the data researchers do have is like “looking through the windows to get a pretty good picture of what the inside looks like.”

       One thing researchers do know for sure: the best way for people to protect against H1N1 is to get the vaccine once it becomes available to them.

What do we learn about H1N1 from the passage?

       A．In fact it is not a kind of influenza virus.

       B．It is quite possible to predict it in theory.

       C．Old people are more likely to contract it than kids.

       D．Receiving vaccines will be effective to protect against it.

The underlined phrase “fall back on” in Para．3 probably means      .

       A．rely on            B．pass on            C．col1ect     D．exchange

What do we know about previous seasonal flu data?

       A．It is useless to study them.     

       B．It is still necessary to study them.

       C．They are misleading most of the time.

       D．They are much more helpful than expected.

Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?

       A．Outbreaks of the flu        B．Symptoms of the flu

       C．Mysteries of the flu         D．Risks of the flu

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

首先请阅读下列人们在工作和生活中出现的一些身体不适症状：

A. How much sleep you need

Sleep cycles & stages, lack of sleep.

Getting the hours you need to sleep consist of a series of distinct cycles and stages that restore and refresh your body and mind.

Even minimal sleep loss takes a toll on your mood, energy, efficiency and ability to handle stress.

B. Panic attacks and panic disorder

A panic attack is a sudden surge of overwhelming anxiety and fear. Left untreated, panic attacks can lead to panic disorder and other problems. They may even cause you to withdraw from normal activities. But panic is treatable and the sooner you seek helps, the better.

C. How to stop worrying

Continuous doubts and fears are paralyzing, not motivating or productive. Worrying can be, when it spurs you to take action, helpful to solve a problem. You need self-help strategies for anxiety relief.

D. Generalizes anxiety disorder

Everyone gets worried sometimes, but if you have a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), worries and fears are so constant that they interfere with your ability to function and relax..

E. What you need to know about anti-anxiety drugs

Under guidance from a health professional, medication can relieve some of the symptoms of anxiety, but it requires non-drug treatments to produce lasting changes and continuing relief from anxiety. Medication doesn’t cure the underlying problem and is usually not a long-term solution. Anxiety medications also come with side effects and safety concerns, including the risk of addiction..

F. Understanding stress

Modern life is full of hassles, deadlines, frustrations, and demands. For many people, stress is so commonplace that it has become a way of life. Stress isn’t always bad. In small doses, it can help you perform under pressure and motivate you to do your best. But when you’re constantly running in emergency mode, your mind and body pay the price.

以下是相关人物介绍， 请把人物与其要求对的身体不适症状匹配起来。

46．Jane seldom goes out. Her heart may pound violently and she may stop breathing. She may feel dizzy and sick to her stomach. She may even feel like she’s dying or going crazy. That may even cause her to withdraw from normal activities. With the help of her doctor, she can reduce or eliminate the symptoms of panic and regain control of her life.

47. Thomson is a middle-aged architect.  He used to be quick-minded and could come up with good ideas in group meetings. But recently, he finds it difficult to have a good design and he has much more hesitation before taking action, which worried him a lot. After lots of thinking, Thomson decides to try solving his problem himself first.

48. James is a 100% workaholic. As the boss of a small firm competing with other big companies, James feels that he’d better work 24/7 or he may never succeed, or even worse, fail. So he and his employers often work overtime. But lately, James finds himself not as efficient as before and even dozes off during the day. He is always tired and sleepy. Worse still, he is under a lot of stress.

49．Linda is a single working mum who is showing symptoms of anxiety. She is talking to her doctor and she is weighing the benefits of taking drugs against its drawbacks. Her doctor insists that other therapies and lifestyle changes may help her. So she must make a careful decision whether to take drugs or change her lifestyle.

50. Sandy is a journalist of a fashion magazine, who has to spend a lot of time looking for interesting news and stories every day. She has to present high-quality articles before deadlines and her boss, the chief editor, is quite demanding and harsh on her. She used to think that stress urged her to work more productively but now it seems more than she can take.

Several years ago, well-known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him to even __11__ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 500 chance of survival.

__12__ the diagnosis(诊断), Cousins was determined to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative _13__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __14__ of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the __15__ to 1ive have positive treatment value?”

He decided to concentrate on positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would __16__ positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He _17__ time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out __18_ emotions. Within eight days of starting his ‘‘laugh therapy” program his pain began to __19__ and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able to return to work in a few months’ time and __20__ reached complete recovery after a few years.

As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.

   The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body's condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

1.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ____.

A. good health is more than not being ill

B. drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful

C. regular health checks are essential to keeping fit

D. prevention is more difficult than cure

2.The underlined word “handicap” in the second paragraph probably means.

A. disability                B. advantage    C. difficulty                 D. benefit

3.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ____.

A. to best satisfy their body's special needs

B. to strive to maintain the best possible health

C. to meet the strictest standards of bodily health

D. to keep a proper balance between work and leisure

4.According to what the author, which of the following groups of people would be inferred healthy?

A. People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.

B. People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.

C. People who try to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations.

D. People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.

Alzheimer’s disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer’s disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer’s disease is not confined(限于)to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease.?

At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be“getting old”.The disease was though to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer’s disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic(器官的)disease that destroys brain cells.?

Alzheimer’s disease affects the patient’s memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking. Then the patient’s memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, telephone numbers, names and plans.?

As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms(症状)often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior.?

In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk.?

Scientists don’t know exactly what causes Alzheimer’s disease. It may be caused by a virus(病毒).It may be caused by a poisonous substance(物质)in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease.?

The main idea of the passage is that Alzheimer’s disease________.?

A .is a terrible part of the aging process?

B .is an organic disease that affects young and old?

C .can be cured by physical treatment?

D. causes forgetfulness

All of the following are symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease EXCEPT_________.?

A. forgetfulness                       B. difficulty in speaking?

 .loss of sight                        D. loss of the ability to walk

According to the passage, which of the following may be a cause of Alzheimer’s disease??

A. Poisons produced by the brain.         B. Getting old.?

C.A virus.                            D. Lack of exercise.

he progress of Alzheimer’s disease can be slowed by________.?

A. operation                          B. a change in environment?

C .medicines                         D. physical treatment and exercise