题目内容
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body's condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
1.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ____.
A. good health is more than not being ill
B. drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful
C. regular health checks are essential to keeping fit
D. prevention is more difficult than cure
2.The underlined word “handicap” in the second paragraph probably means.
A. disability B. advantage C. difficulty D. benefit
3.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ____.
A. to best satisfy their body's special needs
B. to strive to maintain the best possible health
C. to meet the strictest standards of bodily health
D. to keep a proper balance between work and leisure
4.According to what the author, which of the following groups of people would be inferred healthy?
A. People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.
B. People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.
C. People who try to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations.
D. People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.
1.A
2.A
3.B
4.C
【解析】
试题分析:文章大意:由现实引出主题:健康不仅仅是不得病,之后对于well和fitness的概念的新的理解和定义。
1.A 主旨大意题 考查第一段的主要意思。根据This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier. 这个人没有生病。他可能没有换任何特别疾病的风险,但是,我们能够相像他可以更加健康的。可以得知,健康不仅仅是不得病。
2.A 猜测词义题 根据ho have a physical disease or handicap 中的or可得知,handicap跟or 之前的a physical disease 是近义表达。身体有疾病,跟disability意思最近。
3.B 细节理解题 根据some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. 一些健康专家开始把这些术语:well, wellness 只用于那些积极努力保持和改善他们健康的人。得知,B项正确。
4.C 推理判断题 根据Even people who have a physical disease or handicap may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. 在这种新的理念中,如果人们在面对体力限度时,努力保持可能的最佳健康,那么即便是身体有病或残疾的人也可以是健康的。
考点:考查文体类阅读理解。
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阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
D
Around the globe, the tourist trade is booming and you are promised to enjoy all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. The first-class systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other’s countries at a moderate cost. What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within most people’s grasp. The package tour and chartered flights (包机) are quite popular to us. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which those on grand tours in the old days couldn’t have dreamed of. With all this coming and going, you would expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! So what’s the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? So there is a great misdirection in tourist business, especially in conducted tour items.
Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They purposely set out to “protect” their passengers from too much contact with the local population. Modern tourists lead a protected and separated life. They live at international hotels, where they eats their international food and sips their international drink while gazing at the natives from a distance. Designed tours to places of interest are carefully arranged. The tourists are allowed to see only what the organizers want them to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourists to wander off on their own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so they might only be too happy to be protected in this way.
At its very worst, this merely leads to a new and terrible kind of colonization. The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of certain old ideas of other nations and countries. We don’t see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe what they are, even staying along with that from text books during our schooling.
You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, emotional, cold, pedantic (爱追究的), native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives just actually act as barriers, for we can’t do the job with certainty. So, frequently, when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm what you have already obtained as the first conceptions in your mind. And you get home only with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression, such as the saying, “Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites (伪君子)” and “Latin peoples shout a lot ”. However, to gain the real understanding, you only have to make a few foreign friends and you will know how ridiculousridiculous ridiculous ridiculous and harmful some old conceptions of other nations are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you?
Being carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. A very wild and limited outlook may stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact — how reasonless it sounds! – that all people are human. We are all similar to each other, while at the same time all unique.
【小题1】What does “grand tour” bring people now?
A.It only offers us reasonable cost. | B.It is the best way of modern tourism. |
C.It is not liked by rich people. | D.It is available for the majority to enjoy it. |
A.By travelling abroad, one can know a certain country well. |
B.Making friends is impossible for anyone staying abroad. |
C.The tourist organizations have the best way to do their duty. |
D.Traveling conditions are much more improved than before. |
A.Silent. | B.Noisy. | C.Lively. | D.Active. |
A.conducted tour should be stopped | B.the way of touring should be changed |
C.gained knowledge can’t be renewed | D.some nations stay the same as before |
A.Objective | B.Negative. | C.Critical. | D.Appreciative. |
A.tourism does little to increase understanding between nations |
B.tourism is terrible without the work of the tourist organizations |
C.conducted tour is so dull that nobody wants to accept it now |
D.tourism really does something wonderful to many countries |