The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer(征服) himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.

A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.

To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with folly(愚蠢)and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.

Self-control is man’s last greatest victory.

If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.

1.What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?

A. The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.

B. One’s moral freedom is based on the control of himself.

C. To control oneself is the most difficult in one’s life.

D. If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.

2.If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT _______.

A. the very backbone and nerve of character

B. the patience and power to control himself

C. strong feelings

D. self-confidence

3.The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _______.

A. explain that self-control is the key to success

B. teach people how to control everything in order to make a great success

C. distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping it

D. advise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends

4.The passage is mainly developed by _____.

A. analyzing(分析)causes                B. making comparisons(比较)

C. examining differences                    D. listing quotations(引证)

My parents operated a small restaurant in Seattle．It was open twenty-four hours a day, six days a week．And my first real job，when I was six years old，was  36  the diners’ shoes．My father had done it when he was young，so he taught me  37  to do it efficiently，telling me to  38  to reshine the shoes if the customer wasn’t  39  .

Working in the restaurant was a cause of great   40   because I was also working for the good of the family．But my father  41  that I had to meet certain standards to be part of the team．I  42  to be punctual，hard-working，and polite to the  43  ．

I was  44  paid for the work I did at the restaurant．One day I made the mistake of advising Dad that he  45  give me $10 a week．He said，“OK．How about you paying me for three meals a day you have here? And  46  the times you bring in your friends for free soft drinks?” He  47  I owed him about $40 a week．

I remember returning to Seattle after being  48  in the US Army for about two years．I had just been promoted to Captain at that time．And full of pride，I walked into my parents’ restaurant，but the  49  thing Dad said was，“How about your  50  up tonight?” I couldn’t  51  my ears! I am an officer in the Army! But it didn’t   52 as far as Dad was concerned，I was just  53   member of the team．I reached for the mop(拖把)．Working for Dad has taught me the devotion to a  54  is above all．It has nothing to do with  55  that team is involved in a family restaurant or the US Army．

A. cleaning         B. shining                     C. removing                 D. keeping

A. why               B. what                        C. when                       D. how

A. offer                     B. refuse                      C. love                   D. learn

A. interested        B. annoyed                   C. relaxed                  D. satisfied

A. fun             B. pride                        C. trouble                            D. effort

A. got it right      B. kept it a rule             C. made it clear         D. took it for granted

A. had                B. tended                      C. hated                       D. managed

A. family            B. workers                    C. customers                 D. friends

A. never             B. always                            C. seldom                  D. ever

A. must             B. should                      C. might                       D. could

A. at                 B. before                      C. around                            D. for

A. worked out  B. found out                 C. put out                            D. thought out

A. alone            B. away                        C. outside                     D. off

A. usual            B. last                          C. next                         D. first

A. washing _{w.w.*w.k.&s.5*u.c.om}                              B. taking                      C. cleaning                   D. moving

A. ignore          B. follow                      C. believe                  D. understand

A. happen         B. care                         C. go                           D. matter

A. no                B. other                        C. some                        D. another

A. team             B. family                      C. leader                      D. restaurant

A. why             B. whether                    C. when                       D. How

As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.

The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well”. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

1.Today medical care is placing more stress on ________.

A. keeping people in a healthy physical condition     

B. monitoring patients’ body functions

C. removing people’s bad living habits

D. ensuring people’s psychological well-being

2.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ________.

A. good health is more than not being ill

B. drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful

C. regular health checks are essential to keeping fit

D. prevention is more difficult than cure

3.Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ________.

A. does not have any unhealthy living habits

B. does not have any physical handicaps

C. is able to handle his daily routines

D. is free from any kind of disease

4.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ________.

A. to best satisfy their body’s special needs

B. to strive to maintain the best possible health

C. to meet the strictest standards of bodily health

D. to keep a proper balance between work and leisure

5.According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?

A. People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.

B. People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.

C. People who try to be as possible, regardless of their limitations.

D. People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.

Laws to stop tigers, camels, zebras and snakes being used as performing animals in circuses have been announced by the government.
The environment minister, Jim Paice, hoped the laws would be brought in before the end of the parliament in 2015, which is the main law-making institution of the UK. At present between 35 and 50 wild animals are thought to be used by circuses in England and Defra offered to help find new homes for the retired performers.
The announcement follows a campaign by animal charity organization for the ban (禁令), which became worse when a video appeared last year of a circus elephant being beaten by a worker. Campaigners were angry when Paice previously announced tougher licensing instead.
Circus Mondao, whose website shows zebra and camels, said it would probably challenge the suggested ban. The circus is a member of the European Circus Association, which previously challenged Austria's ban, saying there was no scientific evidence (证据) that the animals were harmed by the travelling or conditions. On its website, Mondao says that when it travels animals are the last to be loaded and the first to be unloaded; they are moved to tents within an hour of arriving, and are usually moved 20-50 miles.
Animal charities welcomed the move, but called for ministers to speed up the laws. Asked why circuses would be banned from keeping wild animals but not domestic animals such as horses, a Defra spokesman said a key difference was that domesticated animals were more used to conditions such as travelling. "Wild animals aren't domesticated: we feel it's not right ethically (伦理上) for wild animals to perform," he said.
【小题1】What is the proper order of the following events ?
a. Tougher licensing was announced by the environment minister.
b. A campaign for a ban was launched by an animal charity.
c. Laws were announced by the government.
d. The suggested ban was challenged by Circus Mondao.

I was in the queue for the supermarket checkout（付款台） earlier today．All of the checkouts were    46   , and the woman behind me was not happy! Every word that came from her mouth was a（n）    47   ! She wasn’t happy with the number of checkouts      48    ; she wasn’t happy with the amount of shopping some people had in their baskets; she wasn’t happy because this supermarket didn’t have a stand where she    49    scan her own shopping．

       I listened to her    50   looking around as I loaded（装） my stuff onto the conveyor belt （传送带）．I didn’t want    51    to do with that kind of attitude, and if ever I’d felt like letting someone go     52     of me, it wouldn’t be such a woman!

       But then I    53   back．Standing beside the woman was a five-year-old girl,    54    her granddaughter．The girl’s part of the shopping    55    some comic books．

       I couldn’t    56   it．I pushed my shopping back to the end of the conveyor belt,     57    a space．“After you,” I said to the woman and the girl, and    58    them to a big     59    ．The woman was delighted, and even   60    to complain ---- until she was walking away．

       So,   61   bother（麻烦，费事） having helped? It was because that little girl was probably taking in her granny’s complaint like a sponge（海绵）．She was learning how to    62    situations like that by listening to her granny．I’d seen that I could interrupt that complaining, and put a smile and some   63    into the middle of it．We can all complain; we can all react    64    , but it doesn’t have to be like that．And, even if only for a few     65     , I wanted to leave that little soul with just a glimpse of another way．

A．busy          B．big           C．free            D．empty

A．cry           B．argument        C．shout          D．complaint

A．opened        B．closed          C．left            D．done

A．would         B．need          C．could           D．must

A．beyond       B．without         C．with           D．by

A．something   B．nothing        C．everything           D．anything

A．ahead         B．behind       C．beside          D．back

A．went          B．looked         C．turned          D．jumped

A．only          B．surely           C．possibly        D．luckily

A．got       B．included        C．conclude       D．made

A．think        B．help          C．believe         D．forget

A．taking      B．leaving         C．bringing         D．keeping

A．returned     B．pleased         C．treated          D．served

A．smile       B．meal           C．joke            D．room

A．thanked     B．paid         C．checked        D．forgot

A．how         B．what          C．why            D．who

A．face          B．meet           C．handle          D．improve

A．truth        B．kindness       C．courage         D．money

A．actively    B．correctly       C．negatively    D．patiently

A．hours     B．chances         C．years           D．seconds