题目内容
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well”. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
1.Today medical care is placing more stress on ________.
A. keeping people in a healthy physical condition
B. monitoring patients’ body functions
C. removing people’s bad living habits
D. ensuring people’s psychological well-being
2.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ________.
A. good health is more than not being ill
B. drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful
C. regular health checks are essential to keeping fit
D. prevention is more difficult than cure
3.Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ________.
A. does not have any unhealthy living habits
B. does not have any physical handicaps
C. is able to handle his daily routines
D. is free from any kind of disease
4.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ________.
A. to best satisfy their body’s special needs
B. to strive to maintain the best possible health
C. to meet the strictest standards of bodily health
D. to keep a proper balance between work and leisure
5.According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?
A. People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.
B. People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.
C. People who try to be as possible, regardless of their limitations.
D. People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.
1.C
2.A
3.D
4.B
5.C
【解析】
试题分析:这篇文章讲述了当今社会“健康”概念的新发展。介绍了当今社会人们医疗观念的转变并且指出提出这种观念上的转变其实还可以探究得更为深入,最后提出这种程度上的“健康”其实还有改善的余地。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段“the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors”(当今社会医疗保健的重点已经从治愈疾病向预防疾病转变了,特指改变我们许多的不健康的行为。)故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据“This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”(这个人没有生病,也没有生病的危险,但是他还可以过得更健康一点。)细节理解题。第一段中列举了亚健康的一些具体表现,最后指出,亚健康的人并没有生病,但是却称不上是健康,因为他还可以过得更健康一点。选项C、D在文中没有明确提到,而B的意思与原文不符,原文认为这些亚健康状态不会导致人生病。所以,排除了BCD之后,选项A也与原文意义相符,为正确答案。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs.”(传统医学界没有就“不生病”和“身体健康”做出明确的区分,只是关注身体的各项机能而已。)细节理解题。根据文意,“传统医学界没有就“不生病”和“身体健康”做出明确的区分”即传统医学界认为“不生病”就是“身体健康”,所以答案为D。
4.词义猜测题。根据“some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. ”一些健康专家开始把“健康”和“健康状态”定义为一种积极追求的理想状态,即保持并改善健康的状态。词汇题。对于“健康”给出的新的定义,即不是一种人们可以达到的状态,而是一种努力追求的理想,因此选B。
5.推理判断题。根据“in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. ”(根据这种新的定义,健康的人就应该是那些无论身体有何局限,只要努力追求最有可能的健康状态的人。)推理题。原文中提到根据新的定义,即使是那些有生理残疾的人,也可以被认为是”健康“的人,又在下文总结了这一点,即健康的人就应该是那些无论身体有何局限,只要努力追求最有可能的健康状态的人。与选项C相符,为正确答案。
考点:健康保健类阅读。
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阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
D
Around the globe, the tourist trade is booming and you are promised to enjoy all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. The first-class systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other’s countries at a moderate cost. What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within most people’s grasp. The package tour and chartered flights (包机) are quite popular to us. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which those on grand tours in the old days couldn’t have dreamed of. With all this coming and going, you would expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! So what’s the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? So there is a great misdirection in tourist business, especially in conducted tour items.
Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They purposely set out to “protect” their passengers from too much contact with the local population. Modern tourists lead a protected and separated life. They live at international hotels, where they eats their international food and sips their international drink while gazing at the natives from a distance. Designed tours to places of interest are carefully arranged. The tourists are allowed to see only what the organizers want them to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourists to wander off on their own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so they might only be too happy to be protected in this way.
At its very worst, this merely leads to a new and terrible kind of colonization. The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of certain old ideas of other nations and countries. We don’t see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe what they are, even staying along with that from text books during our schooling.
You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, emotional, cold, pedantic (爱追究的), native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives just actually act as barriers, for we can’t do the job with certainty. So, frequently, when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm what you have already obtained as the first conceptions in your mind. And you get home only with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression, such as the saying, “Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites (伪君子)” and “Latin peoples shout a lot ”. However, to gain the real understanding, you only have to make a few foreign friends and you will know how ridiculousridiculous ridiculous ridiculous and harmful some old conceptions of other nations are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you?
Being carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. A very wild and limited outlook may stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact — how reasonless it sounds! – that all people are human. We are all similar to each other, while at the same time all unique.
【小题1】What does “grand tour” bring people now?
A.It only offers us reasonable cost. | B.It is the best way of modern tourism. |
C.It is not liked by rich people. | D.It is available for the majority to enjoy it. |
A.By travelling abroad, one can know a certain country well. |
B.Making friends is impossible for anyone staying abroad. |
C.The tourist organizations have the best way to do their duty. |
D.Traveling conditions are much more improved than before. |
A.Silent. | B.Noisy. | C.Lively. | D.Active. |
A.conducted tour should be stopped | B.the way of touring should be changed |
C.gained knowledge can’t be renewed | D.some nations stay the same as before |
A.Objective | B.Negative. | C.Critical. | D.Appreciative. |
A.tourism does little to increase understanding between nations |
B.tourism is terrible without the work of the tourist organizations |
C.conducted tour is so dull that nobody wants to accept it now |
D.tourism really does something wonderful to many countries |