Homework is work, not play. In contrast to what some might hope, students 55 finish their homework exclaiming that they had great fun. Nor is homework an activity that students choose to undertake. It is 56 by a teacher for students to complete on the teacher’s schedule, with the teacher’s requirements in mind． So to have the fight 57 Will be of great help. Homework means business and the student should expect to work on it seriously. As in the work place, careless efforts and lack of self-discipline are likely to make the  58 impression.

Teachers assign homework for  59 purposes. In some cases, teachers seek to review and solidify material being covered in class; homework is also designed to 60 student learning beyond class lessons. As students mature, teachers often assign homework nightly in several subjects. Homework is also used to prepare students to handle new work, 61 in the ease of summer reading. Increasingly, school reforms call for homework to take the form of course projects, thus increasing its 62 to “real-life” job-related activity.

Like jobs, homework can be appealing when its resources are well managed. Resources 63 sources of information—textbooks, of course, and increasingly, the Internet—but they also include a quiet space to work, materials and equipment such as calculators, paper or a computer, and others who cohabit (共面存在) in the homework environment. The external (外部的) resources needed for homework can be viewed as a kind of 64 . office for the child with features like those needed in the workplace.

The following table shows some results of a survey （调查）in which 800 Japanese school pupils were asked to give their impressions（印象）of their classroom teachers. The pupils’ impressions were found to differ depending on whether the teacher was new (with less than three years’ experience), middle-standing(ten to twenty years), or veteran（有经验的）（twenty to thirty years）. The numbers in the table show the percentage of the pupils who answered “very satisfied” or “extremely satisfied” for each question item （项目）

In contrast（对比）to the new teachers, the middle-standing and veteran teachers seem to have made a remarkable（显著的）improvement in their ability to _______.

    A. be fair to any pupil         B. evaluate pupils’ progress

    C. present materials clearly     D. understand and play with pupils

Pupils seem to regard the new and the middle-standing teachers as being more_____.

relaxed in class than the veterans

interested in pupils’ ideas than the veterans

neat in appearance than the veterans

skilful at explaining than the veterans

Which of the following statements is true according to the table?

In the new teachers’ classes, pupils seem to ask questions more freely.

Pupils seem to be quite satisfied with the amount（量）of time their teachers spend with them between classes.

The evaluation of the middle-standing teachers is lower than that of the veterans in seven items.

Though veterans do not play games with pupils during breaks, their teaching is rated highly.

The $ 11 billion self – help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “ I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?

Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.

The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.

In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."

Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.

The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.

What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?

       A．It is a highly profitable industry.

       B．It is based on the concept of positive thinking.

       C．It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

       D．It has yielded positive results.

What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?

       A．Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.

       B．There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.

       C．Unhappy people cannot think positively.

       D．The power of positive thinking is limited.

What does the author mean by "you're just underlining his faults" in the third paragraph?

       A．You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.

       B．You are pointing out the errors he has committed.

       C．You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.

       D．You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.

It can be inferred from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic that        .

       A．it is important for people to continually keep their self - esteem

       B．self – affirmation can bring a positive change to one’s mood

       C．forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self - esteem

       D．people with low self – esteem seldom write down their true feelings

Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. 1 the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent 2 ofits own.No one knows exactly when jazz was 3 ,or by whom.But it began to be 4 in the early 1900s.Jazz is America?s contribution to 5 music.In contrast to classical music, which 6 formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free?form.It bubbles with energy, 7 the moods, interests, and emotions of the people.In the 1920s jazz 8 like America, and 9 it does today.The 10 of this music are as interesting as the music 11 .American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz 12 .They were brought to Southern States 13 slaves.They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long 14 .When a Negro died his friend and relatives 15 a procession to carry the body to the cemetery.In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the 16 .On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. 17 on the way home the mood changed.Spirits lifted.Death had removed one of their 18 ,but the living were glad to bealive.The band played 19 music, improvising(即兴表演) on both the harmony andthe melody of the tunes 20 at the funeral.This music made everyone want to dance.It was an early form of jazz.

1.A.By B.At C.In D.On

2.A.music B.song C.melody D.style

3.A.discovered B.acted C.invented D.designed

4.A.noticed B.found C.listened D.heard

5.A.classical B.sacred C.popular D.light

6.A.forms B.follows C.approaches D.introduces

7.A.expressing B.explaining C.exposing D.illustrating

8.A.appeared B.felt C.seemed D.sounded

9.A.as B.so C.either D.neither

10.A.origins B.originals C.discoveries D.resources

11.A.concerned B.itself C.available D.oneself

12.A.players B.followers C.fans D.pioneers

13.A.for B.as C.with D.by

14.A.months B.weeks C.hours D.times

15.A.demonstrated B.composed C.hosted D.formed

16.A.demonstration B.procession C.body D.march

17.A.Even B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.But

18.A.number B.members C.body D.relations

19.A.sad B.solemn C.happy D.funeral

20.A.whistled B.sung C.presented D.showed

Sharks have gained unfair reputation for being large fierce sea animals. That humanity’s unfounded fear and hatred of these ancient creatures are leading to a worldwide slaughter (大屠杀) may result in the extinction of many larger, coastal shark species. The shark is the victim of a warped (有偏见的) attitude of wildlife protection; we strive (努力) only to protect the beautiful, non-threatening parts of our environment. And, in our efforts to restore only non-threat parts of our earth, we ignore other important parts.
A perfect illustration of this attitude is the contrasting attitude towards another large sea animal, the dolphin. During the 1980s, environmentalists in the United States objected to the practice of hunting tuna (金枪鱼) in the Pacific Ocean since these nets also caught dolphins. The environmentalists generated enough political and economic pressure to prevent tuna companies from buying tuna that had been caught in drift nets. In contrast to this effort, the populations of sharks in the Pacific Ocean have decreased to the point of extinction and there has been very little effort by the same environmentalism to save this important species of wildlife in water. Sharks are among the oldest creatures on earth, having survived in the seas for more than 350 million years. They are extremely efficient animals, feeding on wounded or dying animals, thus performing an important role in nature of knocking out the weaker animals in a species. Just the fact that species such as the Great White Shark have managed to live in the oceans for so many millions of years is enough proof of their efficiency and adaptability to changing environment. It is time for humans, who may not survive another 1,000 years at the rate they are damaging the planet, to cast away their fears and begin considering the protection of sharks as creatures that may provide us with an insight into our own survival.
【小题1】 The best summary of the passage is __________.