B
Rome-Doctors and medical groups around the world last weekend reacted with strong opposition to the news that an Italian specialist is on the point of cloning the first human baby．　　
Dr．Severino Antinori, who is the head of a hospital in Rome, has been referred to in an Arab newspaper as claiming that one of his patients is eight weeks pregnant （怀孕的）with a cloned baby．　　
Antinori refused to comment on the reports, but in March 2001 he said he hoped to produce a cloned embryo （卵）for implantation within two years．So far seven different kinds of mammals have already successfully cloned, including sheep, cats and most recently rabbits．　　
Doctors showed their doubt and were strongly opposed although they admit that human cloning would finally come true unless there was a world wide ban on the practice．　　
Professor Rudolf Jaenisch of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said: “I find it astonishing that people do this where the result can be foretold that it will not be a normal baby．It is using humans as guinea pigs．It makes people feel sick．” But Ronald Green, director of the Ethics institute at Darmouth College in the US, said it is unlikely that an eight-week-old pregnancy would lead to a birth．　　
So far all cloned animals have suffered from some different serious disorders, many of them dying soon after their births ．　　
Doctors are opposed to human cloning because they are worried about the welfare of the cloned child if there is one．　　
“There are no benefits of cloned human beings, just harm,”said Dr．Michael Wilks of the UK．
45．What is the doctors’ general attitude to cloning of humans according to the passage?
A．They are against it．                    B．They support it．
C．They welcome it．                          D．They pay no attention to it．
46．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
　  A．Doctor Severino Antinori is strongly opposed to cloning human beings．
　  B．Up to now, seven kinds of animals have been cloned, including sheep, cats, humans and rabbits．
　  C．Professor Rudolf Jaenisch is carrying on an experiment on cloning an eight-week-old embryo．
　  D．Ronald Green doubts about the future successful birth of the so-called cloned embryo．
47．Which is the best title for the passage?
　  A．The Success of Cloning Humans           B．The Anger at Cloning Humans
　  C．Failure of Cloning Humans             D．First Cloned Human?

Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3, 000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide （杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest （害虫）problems.

　　Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3, 000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running“fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.

　　The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long - term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, ” says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson , who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only ff Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are______________.

A. sprayed with pesticides　　        

B. facing an infrared scanner

C. in poor physical condition　　      

D. exposed to excessive sun rays

In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to____________.

A. estimate the damage to the crops　　

B. measure the size of the affected area

C. draw a color-coded map　　       

D. locate the problem area

Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by______________.

A. resorting to spot-spraying　　     

B. consulting infrared scanning experts

C. transforming poisoned rain　　    

D. detecting crop problems at an early stage

The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties

_______________.

A. the lack of official support　　    

B. its high cost

C. the lack of financial support　     

D. its failure to help increase production

Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of_____________.

　　A. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce

　　B. growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops

　　C. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture

　　D. full support from agricultural experts                  

He drove after drinking alcohol, having a severe accident and had to get his arms removed．Since then, he has had to __31__ on his younger brother, who became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes, he was totally unable to do __32__ else. As the two brothers grew up together, they had their own problems and would often __33__. Finally, his younger brother went away and lived __34__, leaving him heartbroken and at a loss what to do.

　　　 __35__, a misfortune befell（降临）a girl. One night she was preparing dinner when the kerosene light on the stove was overturned, __36__ in a fire which took her hands away. Having decidedly __37__ her sister’s willingness to help her, she determined to be thoroughly __38__. At school, she always studied hard．Most of all she learned to be self-reliant. “I am lucky. Though my __39__ are broken, my heart can still fly.” she wrote in her blog.

　　　 One day, the young man and the girl were both invited to a（n）__40__ programme. The boy told the television hostess about his __41__ future, whereas the girl was full of __42__ for her life. They were both asked to write something on a piece of paper with their __43__. The boy: My younger brother’s arms are my arms. The girl: Broken wings, flying heart.

　　　 They had both gone through the same ordeal（痛苦经历）, but their different __44__ determined the nature of their lives. As seems the case, __45__ disasters can strike our life at any time. How you handle the __46__ when faced with it is the true __47__ of your character. If you choose to __48__ or escape from the ordeal, it will follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the __49__ will turn out to be a fortune on which new __50__will arise.

31．A．live　　　　　　　　　　 B．stand　　　　　　　　　 C．rely　　　　　　　　　　 D．assist

33．A．quarrel　　　　　　　 B．share　　　　　　　　　 C．support　　　　　　　 D．dislike

34．A．happily　　　　　　　 B．lonely　　　　　　　　 C．separately　　　　　 D．disappointedly

35．A．Unfortunately　　　 B．Unexpectedly　　　 C．Similarly　　　　　　 D．Naturally[来

36．A．leading　　　　　　　 B．bringing　　　　　　　 C．causing　　　　　　　 D．resulting

37．A．turned to　　　　　　 B．turned down　　　 C．turned off　　　　　 D．turned against

38．A．alone　　　　　　　　　 B．free　　　　　　　　　　 C．independent　　　　 D．successful

39．A．arms　　　　　　　　　 B．wings　　　　　　　　 C．dreams　　　　　　　 D．promises

40．A．interview　　　　　　 B．radio　　　　　　　　　 C．sports　　　　　　　　 D．health

41．A．hopeful　　　　　　　 B．uncertain　　　　　　 C．bright　　　　　　　　 D．miserable

42．A．calmness　　　　　　 B．enthusiasm　　　　 C．patience　　　　　　 D．excitement

43．A．hands　　　　　　　　 B．strength　　　　　　　 C．toes　　　　　　　　　 D．mouths

44．A．characters　　　　　 B．desires　　　　　　　 C．opinions　　　　　　 D．attitudes

45．A．unexpected　　　　 B．passive　　　　　　　 C．rough　　　　　　　　 D．serious

46．A．emergency　　　　 B．misfortune　　　　　 C．difficulty　　　　　　 D．accident

47．A．test　　　　　　　　　　 B．reflection　　　　　　 C．display　　　　　　　 D．problem

48．A．ignore　　　　　　　　 B．resist　　　　　　　　　 C．complain　　　　　　 D．suffer

49．A．problem　　　　　　 B．result　　　　　　　　 C．failure　　　　　　　　 D．hardship

50．A．solutions　　　　　　 B．ways　　　　　　　　　 C．rewards　　　　　　 D．hopes

　
D　　
Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy．They feel heavy pressures from their parents to do well in school．Most students are always being told by their parents to study harder so that they can have a wonderful life．Though this may be good ideas for those very bright students，it can have very bad results for many students who are not quick enough at learning．
Unfortunately，a number of students killed themselves．Others are after comfort in using drugs．Some do bad things with trouble-makers and turn to crime．Many of them have tried very hard at school but have failed in the exams and have disappointed their parents．Such students feel that they are less important and leave school before they have finished their study．
It is surprising that though most Japanese parents are worried about their children, they do not help them in any way．Many parents feel that they are not able to help their children and that it is the teachers' work to help their children．To make matters worse, a lot of parents send their children to special school called juku-cram schools．These schools are open during the evening and on weekends, and their only purpose is to prepare students to pass exams, they do not try to educate students in any real sense of the real world. It thus comes as a shock to realize that almost three quarters of the junior or high school population attend these cram schools．　　　　
Ordinary Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from fhe students' hair to their clothes and things in their school bag．Child psychologists now think that such strict rules often lead to a feeling of being unsafe and being unable to fit into society．They regard the rules as being harmful to the development of each student．They believe that no sense of moral values is developed and that students are given neither guidance nor training in becoming good citizens．
67．A lot of Japanese students are unhappy at school because              　　
A．they work very hard    B．they find they can't do well at school
C．they feel unimportant  D．they are under too much pressure　　　　
68．Because of their failure at school, some students take drugs to          
A．kill themselves             B．seek comfort
C．disappoint their parents     D．make trouble　　　　
69．What should be the best title of the passage?
A．Students' Pressure   
B．Students' Problems　　　　
C．The Negative Impact(影响) of Japanese Education　　　　
D．The Trouble in Japanese Schools
70．In juku-cram schools students_______．
A．are taken good care of by the teachers    B．feel no pressure
C．are trained to pass exams               D．can learn a lot of useful things
71．In ordinary Japanese schools，________．
A．there are strict rules      B．students feel safe　　　　
C．students can do anything  D．learning is not important