We like to think our intelligence is self-made; it happens inside our heads, the product of our inner thoughts alone. But the rise of Google, Wikipedia and other online tools has made many people question the impact of these technologies on our brains. Is typing in “Who has played James Bond in the movies?” the same as our knowledge about the names like Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton, Pierce Brosnan and Daniel Craig? Can we say we know the answer as long as we know how to rapidly get the information on Google?
Here the question is about how we define intelligence itself. The answer appears to be interesting, because the evidence from psychological studies suggests that much of our intelligence comes from how we coordinate ourselves with other people and our environment.
An influential theory among psychologists is that we're cognitive misers(认知吝啬者). This is the idea that we are unwilling to do mental work unless we have to. We try to avoid thinking things fully when a short cut is available. If you've ever voted for the presidential candidate(总统候选人) with the most honest smile, or chosen a restaurant based on how many people are already sitting in there, then you are a cognitive miser. The theory explains why we'd much rather type a zip code into Google Maps than memorize and recall the location of a place – it's so much easier to do so.
Research shows that people don't tend to rely on their memories for things they can easily access. Buildings can somehow disappear from pictures we're looking at, or the people we're talking to can be changed with someone else, and often we won't notice – a phenomenon called “change blindness”. This isn't an example of human stupidity – far from it, in fact – this is an example of mental efficiency. The mind relies on the world as a better record than memory.
Philosophers have suggested that thinking is really happening in the environment as much as it is happening in our brains. The philosopher Andy Clark called humans "natural born cyborgs(电子人)", those naturally capable of absorbing and combining new tools, ideas and abilities. In Clark's view, the route to a solution is not the issue – having the right tools really does mean you know the answers, just as much as already knowing the answer.
Rather than being forced to rely on our own resources for everything, we can share our knowledge. Technology keeps track of things for us so we don't have to, while large systems of knowledge serve the needs of society as a whole. I don't know how a computer works, or how to grow vegetables, but that knowledge is out there and I can get to benefit. The internet provides even more potential to share this knowledge. Wikipedia is one of the best examples – an increasingly large database of knowledge from which everyone can benefit.
So as well as having a physical environment – like the rooms or buildings we live or work in – we also have a mental environment, which means that when I ask you where your mind is, you shouldn’t point toward the centre of your forehead. As research shows, our minds are made up just as much by the people and tools around us as they are by the brain cells inside our skull.
【小题1】Why did the writer raise the questions in Paragraph 1?

Once an Arab was traveling in the desert. When the sun went down in the west, he stopped and _36_ his tent then, made a fire and have a _37_ meal. When night fell, he_38_ down to sleep.

He had_39_ fallen asleep when he felt a soft _40_ on his elbow(手肘). He woke up to find that his camel had put his head inside the tent. The camel said: “Would you please let me keep my head in the tent to get warm? It is so cold outside. I will not take up too much  41  .”

The Arab was a  42  man, “All right, do as you  43  .” he said. Then he turned on his _44_  and went back to sleep.

It wasn’t long  45  he felt a push on his shoulder. It was the camel again. “Dear master,” the camel said, “my head is quite warm now, but my neck is still cold. Do you mind  46  I keep it inside the tent, too?”

“ _47_ .” the man said. But this time he felt a bit  48  , as camel had such a long neck.

No sooner had he shut his eyes  49  he got a harder push in his side. This time the camel said, “will you please allow me to bring my front legs inside and warm then a little?”

The Arab_ 50_ over to one side of the tent. He made _51_ as small as he could. It was not _52_ comfortable, and sleep was now out of  53  .Soon after that the camel gave his a rough push and said, “The tent is too small for the two of us.  54  , my two hind legs are still left in the cold. It is only_55_ that you should leave the tent wholly to me.” And with that, the camel kicked the poor man out.

1.                A．built           B．made          C．put up    D．set

2.                A．simple         B．rich            C．excellent D．ordinary

3.                A．laid            B．lay             C．lied  D．went

4.                A．seldom         B．not            C．almost    D．hardly

5.                A．touch          B．beat           C．kick  D．bite

6.                A．place          B．tent            C．room D．blanket

7.                A．hard-hearted    B．kind-hearted     C．absent-mined  D．careless

8.                A．please         B．willing          C．are like   D．want

9.                A．light           B．head           C．arm  D．side

10.               A．after           B．before         C．since D．then

11.               A．whether        B．as             C．that  D．if

12.                                A．Yes, of course    B．No, not at all

C．Don’t, please                    D．No, you can

13.               A．crowded       B．comfortable     C．warmer   D．narrower

14.               A．than           B．then           C．when D．after

15.               A．went          B．walked         C．climbed   D．moved

16.               A．the tent.        B．himself         C．room D．ground

17.               A．very           B．much          C．a bit  D．a little

18.               A．question        B．the question     C．quite possible   D．possibility

19.               A．Except         B．Besides         C．After all   D．But

20.               A．fair            B．wrong          C．satisfied   D．right

[1]Traveling overseas to a foreign country can be an amazing experience. However, for those who are not prepared to take part in a new culture, they may be totally overwhelmed by having to go through this unfamiliar chain of events. This phenomenon is called culture shock, and often occurs when people visit a country for which they are not ready. One can avoid embarrassment and enjoy the trip more if they have taken preparations against such "shock" in the first place.

   [2] First off, one must remember to prepare themselves through education for their visit. Do not just show up in some country like Mongolia with no idea about what to expect even in the least. Instead, take some time to read, research, and look up information on the specific country you are traveling to, either through the use of a library or a bookstore, or through the Internet.

   [3] Secondly,                . Many times these people can answer questions you may have about the country, especially ones you may not have answers to from the research you have done online or in print. Firsthand experience is extremely valuable and having someone you can trust to talk about their experience in a certain country is very important.

[4] Lastly, after you have done everything you can do to prepare, you are on your way to your destination, remember to be very, very flexible, and be polite. It is so important to be flexible in your travel, which really helps in breaking down any culture shock on might experience. Keep these tips in mind, and be open in your travel experiences. Happy traveling!

1.What is the best title of the passage?(no more than 10 words)

2. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?

It is very important to have a talk with someone who has traveled in a certain country about their experience, which is of great value.

3.Fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words. (no more than 10 words)

4.What advice do you think is the most important one if you want to travel overseas? (no more than 20 words)

5.Translate the underlined sentences in the last paragraph into Chinese.

Normally, kids have curiosity(好奇) about everything around them including animals. As a parent you are willing to teach everything to our children because you want to develop their EQ and IQ. But a few people have some troubles in how to introduce animals to their kids. Here I have some advice on how to do that.

1. Visiting a zoo.

This way must be the best choice to choose. If you have free time or maybe on holiday you can take your children to the zoo. Kids usually are excited to see live animals and feed them if possible. It can be an unforgettable moment for your children when they visit so many animals in a place. Parents can describe an animal to their children so they can learn something about that animal.

2. Doing a coloring activity.

If you have not free time or just have a short time, you can choose this. Actually doing animal coloring activity is mostly used by parents and teachers to tell children about an animal. You can download free animal coloring pages through the internet or you can buy your children an animal coloring book.

3. Doing a paper craft.

If it sounds difficult you can skip this method. Just forget it. Generally, the difficulty level depends on your paper craft models. You can find free animal paper crafts on the internet but make sure of the difficulty level. Remember your purpose is not about how beautiful your paper crafts are but to describe an animal to your children.

4. Story telling.

Have you heard about an animal story when you were a child? You still remember it? How about the character of those animals? Yeah! It is still in your mind. You can buy a story book of animals and read it for your children.

There are also many other ways and everything needed here is just the creativity to connect it with the children and make them enjoy and have fun with your activities.

59. What’s the purpose of this passage?

A. To satisfy the curiosity of the kids.

B. To develop children’s EQ and IQ.

C. To give parents and teachers advice on how to introduce animals to kids.

D. To introduce some activities to let parents know more about their kids.

60. In the author’s opinion, which is the best way to let a kid know something about an animal?

A. Visiting a zoo                                                      B. Doing a coloring activity

C. Doing a paper craft                                           D. Telling a story

61. If you are busy, which activity can you choose?

A. Download some beautiful paper crafts on the internet.

B. Buy your kid an animal coloring book.

C. Give your kid an unforgettable moment to visit many animals in a place.

D. Buy your kid a story book.

62. According to the author, what matters most in whatever activities you design for your children?

A. fun                                    B. joy                  C. imagination                   D. creativity

Winners Club

You choose to be a winner!

The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has been made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account（交易账户）where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7 – that’s 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!

It’s a club with impressive features for teenagers:

No account keeping fees!

You’re no millionaire so we don’t expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!

Excellent interest rates!

You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits（储蓄）without taking them out in a month.

Convenient

Teenagers are busy – we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet··· . You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!

Mega magazine included

Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.

The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian (so we can organize that cool key – card) but it is easy. We can’t wait to hear from you. It’s the best way to choose to be a winner!

1.The Winners Club is a bank account intended for ________.

2.Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?

3.The Winners Club provides magazines which ________.

4.If you want to be a member of the Club, you must ________.

5.What is the purpose of this text?