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There's an old saying that laughter is the best medicine. No matter whether it's caused by a good joke, a cute child or pet, or a pie in the face of a comedian, the simple act of laughing offers medical benefits. Laughter has been shown to reduce stress and help people lose weight. It's a special tonic (滋补品)for older people, who are prone to loneliness and sad thoughts.
In fact, in more than 1,000 American communities, and a couple thousand more around the world, entire clubs have been formed so that people can get together and laugh! U.S. clubs have names like "Laugh-a-holics," "the Ha-Ha Spa," "Granite State Giggles(傻笑)," and "Judy's Joyful Laughter Club."
The idea started in India, where laughing is an oral yoga（瑜珈）exercise using discipline, mind power and a good belly laugh. Laughter is certainly contagious(传染性的). Only a determined grouch（脾气坏的人）could avoid at least smiling when others around him are laughing till it hurts. That's why members of laughing clubs don't just get together to howl with laughter themselves. They meet on street corners, in train stations, and other public places, laugh their fool heads off, and invite everyone around them to join in.
Laughing clubs have become so popular that one can even get training as a "certified laughing leader." And the key qualification? You have to be really good at these, chortling, chuckling, howling, snickering, cackling, tittering, giggling and sniggling.
1．The following are the benefits offered by laughing EXCEPT _____.
A．benefiting the older people
B．reducing pressure
C．helping people keep fit
D．helping people have a good appetite
2．Why do members of laughing clubs meet in public places instead of in private rooms?
A．Because they want to cause others to laugh.
B．Because they want to show off their special skills.
C．Because they would like people to share their happiness.
D．Because they need a large space to laugh.
3．The words in the last sentence “chortling, chuckling, howling, snickering, cackling, tittering, giggling and sniggling” are _____.
A．conditions of a laughing leader B．manners you must follow when laughing
C．all forms of laughing D．tips of laughter
4．Which of the following is the best title?
A．Laughter Is More and More Popular in the USA
B．Laughter Linked to Health, Happiness
C．How We Laugh
D．Laughing, an Oral Yoga Exercise
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Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box
．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．
Forests in the northern half of the globe could be growing faster now than they were 200 years ago as a result of climate change, according to a study of trees in eastern America．The trees appear to have faster growth rates due to longer growing seasons and higher concentrations(浓度)of carbon dioxide in the 1 ．
Geoffrey Parker, a scientist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre in Edgewater．Maryland, said that the increase ha the rate of growth was unexpected and might be 2 to the higher temperatures and longer growing seasons documented in the region．The growth may also be influenced by the significant 3 in atmospheric CO2,he said．
"We made a list of reasons these forests could be growing faster and then excluded half of them," Dr Parker said．Their study suggests that northern forests may become increasingly important in 4 the influence of man-made CO2 on the climate．
Dr Parker and his colleagues have 5 out a detailed record of the trees on a(n) 6 basis since 1987．They calculated that due to the global warming the forest is producing 7 tons of wood each year．
The scientists 8 the land with trees at different stages of growth and found that both young and old trees were showing increased growth rate．More than 90 per cent of the tree groups had grown by between two and four times faster than the scientists had 9 from estimates of the long-term rates of growth．
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, and pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably(不可避免的) brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (义务), self - improvement.
Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three - day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates （解放）money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
1.According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _______ .
A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities
B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single
C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement
2.From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ________ .
A. hatred B. misunderstanding ??? C. prejudice D. ignorance
3.What is the author trying to tell us?
A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.
B. One must know how to attain happiness.
C. It is important to make commitments.
D. It is pain that leads to happiness.
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短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
I'm middle school student of sixteen. I have a 53．
weight problem. Some boys often make fun of me and were 54．
unfriendly to me. They call me “Meat Ball”, which make 55．
me feel unhappily. I am now worried about my weight. 56．
Although I am a bit of too fat, I feel quite well. I 57．
enjoy my meal. I love eating meat very much. 58．
But I like sweet food, too. Now I am getting fatter and fatter. In 59．
the past two months, I have put on 5 kilos. I've got worried 60．
about this, but I don't know to lose weight quickly. 61．
Who can tell me the way of lose weight? 62．