根据单词的首字母提示完成句子。
【小题1】The determination and patience of the scientists was rewarded in 1996 with a b___________ --- the cloning of Dolly the sheep.
【小题2】In 1846 the United States d__________war on Mexico and after it lost the war, Mexico had to give California to the United States.
【小题3】Henry wanted Eliza to make the a____________ of the American ambassador, so he could act as a referee and judge whether he had passed her off as a lady.
【小题4】What are your c______________ for evaluating the quality of a bottle of wine?
【小题5】He was a specialist in the study of bones and found it challenging to search for and i_________ bones of early peoples.

With fears of a possible nuclear meltdown(核反应堆堆芯的熔毁) in Japan building up, evidence has come to light that the nation received warnings over the stability of its power plants from an international watchdog more than two years ago.

　　As the Telegraph is reporting, an official from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said in December 2008 that safety rules were out of date, and strong earthquakes would cause a “serious problem” for the power stations.

　　A U.S. embassy document, by quoting（引用）an unnamed expert, states: “He (the IAEA official) explained that safety guides for earthquakes have only been updated three times in the last 35 years and that the IAEA is now re-examining them. Also, the presenter noted recent earthquakes in some cases have gone beyond the design basis for some nuclear plants, and that this is a serious problem that is now driving earthquake safety work.”

　　The Telegraph also reports that the government responded to the warnings by building an emergency response center at the Fukushima Daiichi plant designed to resist magnitude-7.0 earthquakes. Friday's earthquake, originally named a magnitude-8.9 shock, has since been upgraded to magnitude-9.0.

　　Other nuclear experts state IAEA officials had willingly ignored lessons from the Chernobyl disaster to protect the nuclear industry's expansion, reports Bloomberg. “After Chernobyl, all the force of the nuclear industry was directed to hide this event, for not creating damage to their reputation,”Russian nuclear accident specialist Iouli Andreyev tells Reuters, before noting that radiation from spent fuel rods（棒）stored close to reactors at Fukushima looked like an example of putting profit before safety. “The Japanese were very greedy, and they used every square inch of the space. But when you have a dense(密集的) placing of spent fuel in the basin, you have a high possibility of fire if the water is removed from the basin.”

1. From the passage, we know that ____________.

A. people fear that the nuclear meltdown will possibly become more and more serious in Japan

B. people are becoming more and more afraid of a possible nuclear meltdown in Japan

C. Japan made no response to the warnings over the safety of its power plants

D. Iouli Andreyev warned Japan not to store spent fuel rods close to reactors

2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Japan was warned of the stability of its power plants when they were built over 2 years ago.

B. Safety guides for earthquakes should be updated three times in 35 years.

C. The emergency response centre at the Fukushima Daiichi plant can not resist Friday’s  

     earthquake.

D. IAEA officials advised Japan to ignore lessons from the Chernobyl disaster.

3. IAEA officials were willing to ignore lessons from the Chernobyl disaster because they want ________.

A. to put profit before safety.         B. the nuclear industry to develop

   C. to protect the reputation of Japan        D. every inch of land to be made good use of

4.The writer develops this passage mainly by__________.

A. making comments              B. providing facts

C. quoting what experts say             D. analysing what happened

Though different educational systems have different purposes, one thing is certain: all students should take part in examinations.

___1___ the English educational system, students take ___2___ very important ___3___. The first is the eleven-plus, which is taken at the age of eleven ___4___ past. At one time the ability ___5___ on the eleven-plus would have determined ___6___ a child stayed in school. ___7___, however, all children continue in “comprehensive”(综合性的) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are tested for the Ordinary Level of the General Certificate(证书) of Education. This examination covers a wide ___8___ of subjects; once students have passed this exam, they are ___9___ to specialize, so that two-thirds or ___10___ of their courses will be ___11___ physics, chemistry, classical language, or ___12___ they wish to study ___13___. The ___14___ examination, at eighteen, covers only the ___15___ of the special subjects. ___16___ the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and ___17___ students ever venture(冒险) outside ___18___ subject again; ___19___, the English boy or girl is a specialist ___20___ the age of fifteen.

1. A. On  B. In       C. To      D. For

2. A. four       B. three   C. two     D. one

3. A. subjects  B. languages   C. courses       D. examinations

4. A. somewhat      B. or else C. or so   D. or rather

5. A. seen       B. heard  C. shown D. known

6. A. when      B. if C. that     D. how

7. A. But B. Then   C. So      D. Now

8. A. number  B. part    C. range  D. collection

9. A. allowed  B. passed C. forbidden   D. admit

10. A. much    B. many  C. more   D. most

11. A. in  B. of       C. with    D. on

12. A. whenever     B.however      C.whatever D. wherever

13. A. at all costs    B. at the same time      C. at the least   D. at great length

14. A. late      B. later    C. early   D. final

15. A. context B. content　　       C. book   D. lesson

16. A. Even so       B. Even if      C. Even then   D. Even at

17. A. few      B. no      C. some   D. any

18. A. that      B. their   C. its       D. which

19. A. in any case   B. in all C. in a sense   D. in the end

20. A. of B. from C. at       D. under

The gray-haired lady can’t wait to leave the building to search for her dad. Unless watched, she will walk in the streets in an effort to find her father, who died 30 years ago.

Not all cases of Alzheimer’s disease look like this, but Alzheimer’s is a serious disease that is said to be the fourth or fifth leading cause of death for people over age 75. It is said that about three percent of the U.S. population over age 65 have Alzheimer’s. In the early stages, people may exhibit short-term memory loss. Some may experience changes in personality, easy to be angry. As the disease progresses, patients might lose the ability to move and may be unable to speak or move at all. This progressive disease generally lasts 8 to 10 years before death occurs.

While no one is certain what causes these changes in the brain’s nerve fibers （神经纤维）, their effect is certain. Alzheimer’s destroys not only the patients, but also spouses（配偶）, friends and families.

What should you do if you notice progressive memory loss in yourself or a loved one? Have the person examined by a doctor who is a specialist in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Though many reasons other than Alzheimer’s disease may cause memory loss, its early diagnosis（诊断）and treatment may delay some of the most serious effects.

What feeling will you likely experience if a loved one suffers from Alzheimer’s disease? A person will often go through the various stages of sadness, shock, anger, and so on. If the spouse develops the disease, you may experience hurt and disappointment when he or she doesn’t remember you are married.

Life for the Alzheimer’s patients and their loved ones will never be the same as the disease progresses, bringing a deep sorrow, loss and even anger towards God. No matter what feelings are present, facing them honestly will serve one better than burying them.

What can be inferred from the passage about the gray-haired day?

       A. She has been living with her father.

       B. She was sad about the death of her father.

       C. She can’t search for her father without being watched.

       D. She suffers from Alzheimer’s disease.

When people suffer from Alzheimer’s disease, ________.

       A. their families and friends will suffer from the same disease

       B. their families and friends will experience mental sufferings

       C. they will certainly die in 8 to 10 years

       D. they will forget everybody but their spouses

Memory loss occurs ________.

       A. from Alzheimer’s disease and nothing else

       B. from sadness, shock, anger, and so on

       C. for a number of reasons   

       D. with changes in personality

From the passage we know that        .

A. early treatment may stop Alzheimer’s disease occurring

B. it is still unknown what causes the changes in the brain’s nerve fibers

C. nerve fibers in the brain will cause Alzheimer’s disease

D. when one suffers from Alzheimer’s disease, he will be buried

Fifteen percent of US teenagers aged 12 to 17 who own mobile phones have received nude（裸体）or nearly nude images of someone they know, according to a survey released on Tuesday.

Only four percent of mobile phone-owning   1  in that age group have sent sexually suggestive pictures of themselves, a practice known as "sexting,"   2  the Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project.

The Pew survey found that girls and boys were equally as likely to have sent a suggestive picture to   3 person and  4   teenagers were more likely to have engaged in "sexting."

Eight percent of 17-year-olds with mobile phones have sent a sexually provocative（刺激的） image  5   texting and 30 percent have  6    a nude or nearly nude image on their phone.

Only four percent of 12-year-olds have sent suggestive images of   7  .

Amanda Lenhart, a senior research specialist at Pew and the author of the report, said sexually suggestive images have become a   8   of "relationship currency" for teens.

"These images are    9  as a part of or instead of sexual activity, or as a way of starting or  10  a relationship with a significant other," she said. "And they are also passed  11   to friends for their entertainment value, as a joke or for   12  ."

"The desire for risk-taking and sexual exploration during the teenage years   13   with a constant connection via mobile devices creates a 'perfect storm' for sexting," said Lenhart.

"Teenagers have always grappled with issues around sex and   14   , but their coming-of-age mistakes transgressions have never been so easily   15   and stored for others to see," she added.

The survey found that teens with unlimited text messaging plans were more likely to receive "sexts"   16   images of people they know. About 75 percent of mobile phone owning teens have unlimited plans.

Among this group, Pew said 18 percent reporting receiving "sexts"    17   with eight percent of teens on    18   data plans and three percent of teens who pay per message.

According to Pew, 58 percent of 12-year-olds own a mobile phone and 83 percent teens aged 17   19    .

Pew noted that a number of US states are grappling with how to  20   "sexting" among minors and some legislatures(立法机关) have stepped in to consider laws that would downgrade charges from felonies（重罪） to misdemeanors（轻罪）.

Pew conducted telephone interviews with 800 teens aged 12 to 17 and their parents between June 26 and September 24.

(   ) 1. A. teens                  B. adults                   C. students            D. parents

(   ) 2. A. referring to               B. reporting          C. saying              D. according to

(   ) 3. A. other                 B. another             C. others               D. the other

(   ) 4. A. younger             B. fewer                      C. older               D. more

(   ) 5. A. by                         B. in                    C. on                    D. through

(   ) 6. A. accepted             B. received           C. sent                  D. mailed

(   ) 7. A. others               B. themselves        C. himself             D. herself

(   ) 8. A. habit                  B. system              C. method             D. form

(   ) 9. A. shared               B. limited             C. tasted                      D. controlled

(   ) 10. A. remaining        B. gaining             C. maintaining      D. obtain

(   ) 11. A. along                      B. by                    C. as                    D. for

(   ) 12. A. joy                  B. fun                  C. excitement      D. delight

(   ) 13. A. compared        B. followed           C. combined        D. went

(   ) 14. A. friendships      B. scholarships      C. relatives           D. relationships

(   ) 15. A. transmitted    B. transformed      C. formed             D. switched

(   ) 16. A. containing               B. concluding        C. including          D. concerning

(   ) 17. A. comparing               B. compared        C. connected        D. joined

(   ) 18. A. limited             B. unlimited          C. few                  D. little

(   ) 19. A. have               B. same               C. do                    D. too

(   ) 20. A. do with            B. deal with          C. remove             D. ban