There are many sorts of spies. There are those employed by governments to protect their countries’ interests; there are those we find in fiction and film, like the famous James Bond; and then there are the spies of the business world. But now there is a new form of espionage (间谍): sports spying. It may be a profitable job – if the spy can find a buyer for the information.
Last week, British newspapers reported that the England national team had been secretly recorded by an unknown group of individuals.
Media suggested that bugs had picked up a discussion of team tactics (战术), as well as playful talk about athletes’ affairs and possible rewards for players if they manage to win the World Cup.
England officials immediately filed a suit to stop media from publishing the contents of the recordings. Little is known about the identities of the spies, but authorities doubt they have any connection to rival sides preparing for this summer’s competition in South Africa. Rather, it appears that the people who bugged the hotel meeting room are just after money. If they find the right buyer, they could get a lot of it.
Gambling in major sports, like football, involves much more than picking the winner of a particular match. People can also place bets on starting line-ups, the timing of substitutions and goals scored. Knowing a team’s tactics for a particular game, or for a series of games, can help gamblers to increase their chances of winning big money.
England manager Fabio Capello tried to play down the importance of game tactics. He argued that a team’s psychological preparation is the most vital. “It’s more important to train the mind, to find confidence, create a group and a winning mentality,” he said.
Perhaps of more interest to the casual fan are the discussions of the players’ relationships with wives and girlfriends. UK newspapers may be prevented from publishing the details, but some Britons might say, the chances of the recordings never being heard are about as good as those of England winning this year’s competition: slim to none.
【小题1】We may know from the first paragraph that ______________.

第二节完形填空  (共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36至55各个题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When we visit another country, differences in music and dance are   36   some of the first things that we notice. Every culture has   37   its own types of music and dance, which are very different from those of other societies.
Each type of music usually has a distinctive rhythm and a special sound,   38   on the kinds of instruments that are used to produce it. The most common type of instruments are   39   instruments, such as guitars and violins; wind instruments, including horns and flutes. Many different kinds of musical sounds   40   be created by using different combinations of instruments.
The human voice is a very special kind of instrument,   41   it can produce a great number of different sounds with different   42  , ranging from loud to soft. Singing is very popular in most cultures because it allows us to   43   words and ideas with music.
Societies coordinate body movements with musical rhythms to create   44  . Sometimes people dance for fun and individual expression. Dances can also be used to   45   ideas to an audience. Hawaiian dancers,   46  , use arm and hand movements to express the meaning of a song. In the same way, many societies use dances in religious ceremonies   47   to tell about important events.
Music and dance are passed from one   48  to another and thus become a permanent part of the society and   49   culture. Of course, as cultures come   50   contact with each other, the music and dance of one society may be accepted by other societies, or the different styles may be combined to   51   a new kind of music or dance. Some Latin American music, for example, has taken   52   from Indian cultures and mixed them with those from European and African cultures.   53  , popular music from England and the US can be heard in countries   54   the world,   55   it has had an influence on musical tastes, especially among young people.
36. A. unlikely       B. likely  C. probably    D. surely
37. A. installed       B. meant    C. developed       D. established
38. A. focusing      B. depending  C. playing        D. resting
39. A. thread   B. string  C. cord   D. band    
40. A. might   B. can    C. must   D. should   
41. A. when    B. after   C. since   D. although  
42. A. heights B. sizes   C. tones   D. volumes
43. A. explain B. express       C. provide      D. compose
44. A. sounds  B. songs  C. moves D. dances
45. A. give     B. communicate     C. translate     D. perform
46. A. such as B. for example       C. that is D. on the contrary
47. A. just      B. as       C. only    D. or
48. A. country B. generation  C. people D. time
49. A. their     B. its       C. form   D. the
50. A. to  B. for      C. into    D. with      
51. A. join      B. show   C. form   D. become
52. A. advantages   B. features      C. styles           D. origins
53. A. However      B. On the contrary  C.  Similarly D. Besides
54. A. over     B. through      C. across D. along
55. A. when    B. where C. which D. what     

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Office of Admissions

Financial Aid

Our goal in admissions and financial aid is clear: We want to bring the best people to Harvard, regardless of their ability to pay — and we do. About 70 percent of our students receive some form of aid, with over 60 percent receiving need–based scholarships.

Two principles guide us:

· Admission to Harvard is need-blind, by which we mean that financial need is not a barrier to admission. International students have the same access to financial aid as United States citizens.

· Financial aid at Harvard is entirely need–based and we are committed to meeting the demonstrated need of all students. Students apply for aid annually and every year we review our financial aid program, considering such things as any changed student or family circumstances, university resources, and demand.

Removing Economic Barriers

In the past decade we have increased financial aid for low and middle income families by over 180%. No contribution is expected from parents with incomes under $65,000. Beginning with the class of 2016, those parents with annual incomes between $65,000 and $150,000 are asked to contribute from zero to ten percent of their income. Some families with incomes above $150,000 still qualify for aid. Families at all incomes who have significant assets（资产）will continue to pay more than those in less fortunate circumstances. Students are also asked to contribute to the cost of their education through term-time and summer work.

Families with higher incomes facing unusual financial challenges may also qualify for need–based scholarship assistance, yet those with significant assets at all income levels are asked to contribute proportionately（成比例的）more.

Our financial aid program includes an array of financing options beyond our need–based scholarship program, such as a parent monthly payment plan, various loan programs and the opportunity to pre–pay tuition for four years at a student’s freshman year rate.

There are also other forms of financial assistance such as the Faculty Aide Program, the Harvard College Research Program and the Dean’s Summer Research Program that enable students to create paid partnerships with teachers on academic projects of mutual interest. Over two-thirds of Harvard students choose to work during their time in Cambridge and gain valuable job experience working in a wide array of University settings, including our libraries, dining halls, museums and academic departments.

We hope you will visit our websites for a fuller description of our comprehensive program of financial assistance.

1.Admission to Harvard is need-blind in that _______.

A．Harvard does take into account students’ economic situations

B．Students’ ability to pay does not affect their admissions to Harvard

C．Students need to pay big money to Harvard after they are admitted

D．The majority of students in Harvard do not need financial aids

2.Based on the requirements above, we can learn that _______.

A．parents with annual incomes of over $ 150,000 needn’t contribute

B．financial aids are not intended for families with higher incomes

C．wealthier families are expected to contribute more to Harvard

D．students are not encouraged to pay the cost of their education

3.In what way can students get financial assistance from Harvard?

A．Students can be offered paid-work opportunities outside Harvard.

B．Students can have opportunities to get loans for their education.

C．Students can pay for their education in Harvard within one month.

D．Students earn money by assisting teachers in Cambridge University.

When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority （优先）.This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.
Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.
Music provides a kind of perception（感知）that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotional meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.
The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings "talk" to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, and our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.
Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.
So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.
【小题1】According to Paragraph 1，students_________.

As a parent you might never guess all the ways a good imagination benefits your child. It helps a preschooler(学龄前儿童)：

Develop social skills

As children play pretend, they explore relationships between family members, friends and co­workers and learn more about how people interact. Playing doctor, they imagine how physicians care for their patients. Playing house, they learn more about how parents feel about their children. Imaginative play helps develop empathy(同情) for others. If children can imagine how it feels to be left out of a game or to lose a pet, they are better able to help those in need. They become more willing to play fair, to share, and to cooperate.

Build self­confidence

  Young children have very little control over their lives. Imagining oneself as a builder of skyscrapers(摩天大楼) or a superhero defending the planet is empowering to a child. It helps them develop confidence in their abilities and their potential.

Boost intellectual growth

  Using the imagination is the beginning of abstract thought.Children who can see a king's castle in a mound(堆) of sand or a delicious dinner in a mud pie are learning to think symbolically(象征性地). This skill is important in school where a child will have to learn that numerals symbolize groups of objects, letters symbolize sounds, and so on.

Practice language skills

Kids who play pretend with their friends do a lot of talking.This helps boost their vocabulary, improve sentence structure and promote communication skills.

Work out fears

  Playing pretend can help children work out their fears and worries. When children role­play about the big, bad monster under the bed, they gain a sense of control over him and he doesn't seem quite so big or so bad. Imaginative play also helps kids vent(发泄) confusing feelings they might have, such as anger toward a parent or compete with a new sibling(兄弟姐妹)．

To encourage your youngster's imagination, read to him every day. Books offer children the opportunity to visit other worlds and create new ones of their own.

  For generations children have enjoyed reading the story of Peter Pan because Peter takes them on fascinating adventures.Reader's Digest Young Families offers a beautiful typical Disney edition of Peter Pan, which is an iParenting Media Award winner. Click here to find out how you can get this classic story along with 2 free books-Bambi and Pinocchio.

1.What's NOT the advantage of children having a good imagination?

A．Understanding the other people's feelings and problems.

B．Expressing their feelings like anger.

C．Having a strong faith in their own abilities and potential.

D．Helping them form a good habit of reading stories.

2.What does the underlined word “Boost” mean?

A．Improve.  B．Limit.C．Push.  D．Praise.

3.From the last paragraph we can learn that ________．

A．Reader's Digest Young Families wins an iParenting Media Award

B．Disney edition of Peter Pan can be got online for free

C．the story of Peter Pan has been popular with kids

D．Bambi and Pinocchio are offered for free because of bad sales

4.What's the purpose of writing the article?

A．To tell readers the benefits of encouraging children's imagination.

B．To introduce some wonderful Disney stories to readers.

C．To provide ways of helping make kids more imaginative.

D．To persuade parents to buy the Disney edition of Peter Pan.