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Celebrating sleep
World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide. Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance. As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common.
In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa. Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were diagnosed(诊断) with insomnia(失眠) and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline (临界状态)insomnia. In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 per cent said that they felt very sleepy during the day.
Overall, the survey found that many people suffer the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night. The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also relate to sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep. The survey’s findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night. The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating. If this happens for a long time, the risk of gaining weight and having a heart attack may increase.
There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep. First, you should have regular sleep habits. Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you. At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping.
Getting a good night’s sleep is important for everyone. By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day.
Title: Celebrating Sleep
Topic |
Context |
World Sleep Day |
Due to ignorance of sleep problems, people observed Mar. 21, World Sleep Day, ____73___attention to the importance of sleep. |
Responses of the survey |
Of 3, 5000 people in 10 countries in the world, there were 24 percent of the people saying they didn’t sleep well. 31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia and another 17.5 percent were on the __74____ of sleeplessness. The percentage of the people feeling ___75___ during the day is 11.6. In additio 30.7 percent reported__76___ to a doctor for sleep problems. |
__71___causing sleep problems and their consequences |
Under _77____ from school or work, people may have sleep problems. A fast pace of life causes sleep problem as well. Noise and light pollution also __78_____ to poor quality sleeps. Sleepless people are more __79___ to gain weight and have a heart attack. Feeling tired and sleepy, people find it hard to ___80______ |
___72__ to take to improve sleep quality |
Have regular sleep habits Make your bedroom cool, dark and quiet Avoid things containing caffeine |
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You probably have lists of remember and steps to follow in order to have the best pet-friendly trip. There are, however, a few things that are best left at home. Here are a few things to forget when you’re traveling with pets. Forgetting them will make your trip run more smoothly and more effectively.
Time
Traveling with pets will take longer and will have unexpected turns. In reality, forgetting about time means leaving impatience behind. Don’t be in a rush. Your pets will require more extra stops than you will, and they’ll often surprise you with unpredictable delays. Plan on leaving early and arriving later and you’ll be right on time.
Anger
Getting angry at the delay will only make matters worse. Your feelings can add unnecessary stresses to you and your pets’ travel experience. If you feel yourself becoming out of control, stop and take a deep breath. Your pets have little control over their emotions, bowel movements, or motion sickness when traveling. Remember to be kind and understanding at all times, especially when under pressure.
Work Attitude
This may seem like a no-brainer, but when you are traveling, leave your work attitude behind. Traveling is not a task to be accomplished; it can be an enjoyable and memorable experience for both you and your pets as long as you have the right attitude.
Control
Part of the joy of traveling with pets is dealing with the unexpected. You can’t control everything and trying to do so will only end in frustration and anger. Knowing that things will happen beyond your control will bring great relief to you and your pets. Messes happen; accidents happen. Once you accept that, traveling with your pets will be far easier to manage.
Selfishness
Traveling with pets often requires an extreme amount of selflessness. Your pets rely on you to take care of their needs, and sometimes you will need to put their needs before your own. Leave your selfish ambitions behind when traveling with your pets. They need your attention and care more than anything else because of the stresses and strains of traveling.
Traveling with pets can and will be a joy if you remember to leave these five items behind. It can be difficult at times to handle, but the traveling will go well if you can manage to do so.
Traveling with pets
Benefit |
You’ll have a(n) 2 and more effective trip by following the tips. |
|
Five things to 1 |
Time |
* Traveling with pets will take longer and have unexpected turns. * Plan on 3 early to be on time. |
Anger |
* Anger will only make matters worse when you are 4 . * Your pets can 5 control themselves during the trip. |
|
Work Attitude |
* Leave your work attitude behind. * Right attitude can 6 you an enjoyable and memorable traveling experience. |
|
Control |
* Dealing with the unexpected can be 7 . * Once you accept that, you will find traveling is not that 8 to manage. |
|
Selfishness |
* Traveling with pets often requires you to be 9 . * Your pets rely on you to take care of their needs. * At times you should put your needs behind theirs. |
|
10 |
Traveling with pets can be a joy and your trip will be successful. |
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Su Hua is studying at Cambridge,UK.She has bought a bicycle and is worried about security(安全).Her friend,Kate,found this article and sent it to her.
Introduction A lot of crime is against bicycles.About 150 000 bicycles are stolen every year and most are never found.You can prevent this happening by following a few careful steps. Basic Security Do not leave your bicycle in out-of-the-way places.Always lock your bicycle when you leave.Secure it to lampposts or trees.Take off smaller parts and take them with you,for example lights and saddles(车座). Locks Get a good lock.There are many different types in the shops.Buy one that has been tested against attack.Ask for a recommendation from a bike shop. Marking Security making your bike can act as a deterrent to a thief.It can also help the police find your bicycle.It should be clearly written and include your postcode and your house or flat number.This will provide a simple way to identify your bicycle. Registration There are a number of companies who will security mark your bicycle for you.They will then put your registration number and personal details on their computer database.Then if your bicycle is found it will be easy to contact you. Finally Keep a record of the bicycle yourself:its make,model and registration number.You can even take a photograph of it.This will prove the bicycle belongs to you. |
1.Which part of the text gives you information on how to lock up your bicycle when you leave it?
A.Locks. B.Marking.
C.Registration. D.Basic Security.
2.The underlined phrase “act as a deterrent to a thief”means_______.
A.help you recognize your bike
B.help the police find your bicycle
C.stop someone stealing your bicycle
D.stop you worrying about your bike
3.The article advises you to keep a record of your bicycle_______.
A.in the bike shop and your computer
B.in a police station and a security company
C.in a security company and your university
D.by yourself and in a security company
4.The main purpose of this article is_______.
A.to tell you what to do if your bicycle is stolen
B.to suggest ways of keeping your bicycle safe
C.to give you advice on where to buy a good lock
D.to say why you shouldn’t keep your bicycle in a quiet place
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Statistically, air travel is by far the safest way to travel, and you can make flying even safer, just by following these simple rules. As your chances of being involved in an air accident are practically nil(零), many of these tips concern what you should and shouldn't do to make your journey safer when you are airborne(升空的).
● Fly on non-stop routes
Most accidents occur during the takeoff, climb, descent and landing phases of a flight, so flying non-stop reduces your exposure to these complex procedures.
● Choose larger aircraft.
Although small aircraft have very good safety records, those with more than 30 passenger seats are designed to comply(遵守)with much stricter regulations and are tested more regularly to make sure they still comply. Also, in the unlikely event of a serious accident, larger aircraft provide a better opportunity for passenger survival.
● Pay attention to the pre-flight safety briefing
The information may seem repetitious(重复的), but it's worth listening to the flight attendants. And even if you’ve flown before, it doesn’t mean you know everything about the aircraft you're on, such as the location of the closest emergency exit.
● Store things safely
Never put very heavy articles in the overhead storage bins. They may fall out when someone opens the bin and cause injury. Also, the bin may not be able to hold heavier objects during turbulence(气流).
● Keep our seat belt fastened while you are seated
Cabin crew always tell you this, but it’s important. You would be seriously injured if the plane hits unexpected turbulence. Always fasten your seat belt if you are told to. The general rule of flying is this: If you are told to do something, do it first and ask questions later.
● Let the flight attendant pour your hot drinks
Flight attendants are trained to handle hot drinks like coffee or tea in a crowded aisle on a moving aircraft, so allow them to pour the drink and hand it to you. Never ask to take a coffee pot from one of them.
What is the overall reason for these air safety tips?
A. What to do in the event of a crash.
B. How to avoid turbulence.
C. How to improve safety while you are flying.
D. How to avoid injury.
The underlined word “those” in the second tip refers to ____
A. smaller planes B. passengers
C. larger aircraft D. safety records
The underlined phrase “The general rule” in the fifth tip refers to ____.
A. anything the flight staff tell you to do B. general safety advice
C. walking around the plane D. pouring hot drinks
Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Larger planes have more safety checks and are safer in an accident.
B. Take-offs are safer on non-stop flights than landings.
C. Every aircraft is different, so the safety procedures may be different.
D. Seat belts should be worn to protect against turbulence.
The best title of the passage should be____.
A. The Safest Way to Travel B. Air Safety Tips
C. Non-stop Routes D. How to Fly a Plane
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The blue tits(山雀) have been inspecting the nest-box again this year. The male is the house-hunter but the female will make the final choice. He lands at the hole and turns his head to expose his white cheeks as a signal to attract the female from where she has been feeding.
Among many birds that nest in holes, the male has a light-coloured patch on its plumage(鸟羽) which acts as signal for drawing the female’s attention to a suitable nesting-place. Unlike the blue tit, the redstart(红尾鸲) may be only the male that strikingly coloured and the female is not beautiful.
A few years ago I was lucky enough to spot a pair of redstarts in action in a Walsh wood. The male was leading an interested female to holes that he had previously(先前) checked out. He sat at the entrance of each hole and put his head on to show off his white forehead, or his head in to reveal(显露) his tail.
If the female failed to react to his visual signals, the male sometimes sang for extra effect, while gliding towards her on spread wings and tail. Once the female accepts by following the male through the hole the displays stop, you must be at the right place at the right time to watch them.
36. How do the blue tits choose their nest?
A. They choose their nest together.
B. The male chooses their nest.
C. The house-hunter chooses their nest.
D. The female chooses their nest.
37. The writer was lucky to see ________.
A. how the male made his tricks
B. how an interested female played with the male happily
C. what the male displayed and won the female
D. that the male tried his best but failed to attract the female
38. You can spot a pair of redstarts in a Walsh wood ________.
A. at any time B. regularly C. in April D. occasionally
39. The writer is probably ________.
A. a bird expert B. a bird-hunter C. a bird raiser D. a scientist
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