Until a relatively short time ago, traveling abroad was limited to rich tourists and wealthy businesspeople. Flying abroad was not common for the average person. In time, however, plane travel became safer, more convenient, and less expensive. As a result, people of different backgrounds now fly to distant places for pleasure and businesspeople fly to one country for a breakfast or lunch conference, and then fly to another country for a dinner meeting.

       With the world becoming smaller, many young adults make the decision to study in foreign universities. It is an exciting, challenging experience to live in a foreign country. Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate; but, of course, it is not easy to change from one culture to another. One faces many difficulties.

       The student who studies in a foreign country leaves behind a familiar, loving, comfortable environment. Back home, he has his family, friends, and acquaintances. He knows the language, politics, money, food, social customs, and so forth. He knows all the unclear aspects of his native culture, such as body language, and bargaining practices, etc. in short, he knows “the system” in his native country. Then one day he leaves all this behind and suddenly finds himself in a place where everyone and everything is strange, perhaps even confusing. All this strangeness is a major surprise to a person’s self-confidence. This sudden change often leads to a reaction called culture shock.

       Foreigners experience different degrees of culture shock. The symptoms range from being ill at ease to being seriously depressed. Feeling homesick, unhappy, and very sensitive are other signs of culture shock. It is easy to understand that the endless frustrations of the early days in a new country would produce dissatisfaction, and perhaps even hostility. People are always at ease in a familiar environment. A mature, realistic person experiences mild, temporary symptoms; the insecure newcomer suffers more seriously from a culture shock.

       During the inevitable period of adjustment, the international student tends to complain about everything in the new environment. In fact, the student is likely to exaggerate the problems. When the student meets another miserable person from the same country, he will pour out his unhappy feelings. Together they can complain in their native language. Although this complaining provides temporary satisfaction, it certainly does not help him adapt to a new society. Being negative will never get rid of the feelings of frustrations. The mature person understands that a positive attitude, determination, and flexibility are important in making the change successful. A sense of humor is a big help.

1.    Nowadays, flying abroad is ___  ____.

      A. limited to rich tourists and wealthy businesspeople

      B. more convenient but less safe

      C. common for the average person

      D. not common for the average person

2.    “The system” in the third paragraph includes the following except _________.

      A. social customs

      B. bargaining practices

      C. politics

      D. foreign culture

3.    Culture shock affects foreigners _________.

      A. in just the same way

      B. in the same degree

      C. in quite similar ways

      D. in different degrees

4.    Endless frustrations of the early days in a new country would create _________.

      A. dissatisfaction

      B. discomfort

      C. hostility

      D. all of the above

5.    The following are important in fighting culture shock except _________.

      A. determination

      B. a positive attitude

      C. a sense of humor

      D. hostility

When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points. He was ______ and after thanking him for his honesty, I changed the ______ in my records. His beaming (欢笑的) face turned to _____. “You’re lowering my grade?” he said angrily. “I would never have come in ______ ……”

He didn’t finish the ______, but it was obvious that his display of honesty was false. He thought he’d have it all—praise and the ______ grade.

Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade ______ because all I’d accomplished was to discourage him from being ______ in the future. And every time I tell this ______, some people agree with this remark.

But I can’t see how I could give good ______ for worsening my mistake in grading by undermining (损害) the honesty of all my grades by failing to ______ an error. The grade itself would be a dishonest ______ of his knowledge and it would have been ______to other students. How could I possibly give a student a gift of an_____ grade?

I know ______ reporting an error in one’s favor is unusual, but, like ______ extra change, it’s clearly the right thing to do. People of character, those with real honesty, hate to give up benefits as ______ as anyone else. The difference is that for them a good conscience and reputation is ______enough to give reason for the cost of doing the right thing.

Perhaps lowering the student’s grade did ______ him from being honest in the future, but bribing (贿赂) him to be honest so that he does the right thing when it’s cost-free would have ______him even more. The duty to be honest is about right and wrong, not risks and rewards.

1.A. wise            B. right           C. rigid           D. angry

2.A. file             B. note           C. name           D. grade

3.A. grief            B. shock          C. happiness       D. silence

4.A. whether         B. which          C. if              D. what  

5.A. sentence         B. word           C. exam          D. lesson

6.A. higher           B. lower          C. more           D. less

7.A. move            B. stand          C. change         D. drop

8.A. brave            B. adventurous    C. honest          D. successful

9.A. man             B. story          C. way            D. exam

10.A. reason           B. cause          C. excuse          D. result

11.A. make            B. find           C. avoid           D. correct

12.A. reaction          B. sense          C. sign            D. reflection

13.A. unfair            B. cruel          C. tough           D. funny

14.A. unfinished        B. undone        C. unearned         D. unquestioned

15.A. actively          B. secretly        C. voluntarily       D. curiously

16.A. receiving         B. returning       C. earning         D. paying

17.A. many            B. well           C. good           D. much

18.A. pleasure          B. reward         C. content          D. honor

19.A. discourage        B. influence       C. protect           D. separate

20.A. improved         B. encouraged     C. ruined            D. blamed 

Which is sillier: denying we ever went to the moon or trying to convince the true non-believers?
Once upon a time—July 20, 1969, to be specific – two men got out of their little spaceship and wandered around on the moon for a while. Ten more men walked on the moon over the next three and a half years. The end.
Unfortunately, not quite. A fair number of Americans think that this whole business of moon landings really is a fairy tale. They believe that the landings were a big hoax (骗局) staged in the Mojave Desert, to convince everyone that U.S. technology was the “best” in the whole wide world.
Which is the harder thing to do: Send men to the moon or make believe we did? The fact is that the physics behind sending people to the moon is simple. You can do it with computers whose entire memory capacities can now fit on chips the size of postage stamps and that cost about as much as, well, a postage stamp. I know you can because we did.
However, last fall NASA considered spending $15,000 on a public-relations campaign to convince the unimpressed that Americans had in fact gone to the moon. That idea was mostly a reaction to a Fox television program, first aired in February 2001, that claimed to expose the hoax. The show’s creator is a publicity hound (猎狗) who has lived up to the name in more ways than one by hounding Buzz Aldrin, the second man on the moon. Mr. X (as I will call him, thereby denying him the joyous sight of his name in print) recently followed Buzz Aldrin around and called him “a thief, liar and coward” until the 72-year-old astronaut finally lost it and hit the 37-year-old Mr. X in the face.
Anyway, NASA’s publicity campaign began to slow down. The nonbelievers took the campaign as NASA’s effort to hide something while the believers said that $15,000 to convince people that the world was round — I mean, that we had gone to the moon — was simply a waste of money. (Actually, the $15,000 was supposed to pay for an article by James E. Oberg, an astronomy writer who, with Aldrin, has contributed to Scientific American.)
If NASA’s not paying Oberg, perhaps it could put the money to good use by hiring two big guys to drag Neil Armstrong out of the house. Armstrong is an extremely private man, but he is also the first man on the moon, so maybe he has a duty to be a bit more outspoken about the experience. Or NASA could just buy Aldrin a commemorate plaque (纪念匾) for his recent touch on the face of Mr. X.
【小题1】We can learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that some Americans believe _______.

（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。

A. Learn to Listen and Speak

B. Develop Healthy Relationships

C. Arrange Some Time to Go Out

D. Respect Each Other

E. Agree to Disagree

F. Learn Every day

Healthy Relationship Tips

Healthy relationships are effortless, if both the people involved take equal effort to maintain it. Here are a few healthy relationship tips to help you build the dream of your life.

1.________________

Communication is an art of putting your thoughts into words, so that they are exactly understood by the opposite person. Communication does not mean going on talking unnecessarily. This is the first mistake that couples make. One person in the relationship assumes the role of talker and the other becomes the listener. Their roles remain so forever. The talker forgets to listen and the listener becomes used to listening and not reacting. If your partner takes time to open up, help them out by asking questions. So hear them out and give proper reactions. You will obtain the benefits of a healthy relationship through increased confidence in both of you to open up and hear things out.

2. ________________

Regular conversations take the form of heated arguments amongst many couples. Understand that not every statement needs a reaction. Maybe a certain reaction may lead to an argument with your partner. Just agree with whatever it is and there will be no harm done. Try and reach a mutual (相互的) agreement. If that’s not possible leave the topic for later. If you give it time, maybe both of you will be able to think about it rationally.

3.________________

Every single day is a blessing. Each moment with your partner is a moment to learn something new and discover the finer nuances (细微差别) of your relationships. Each one of us keeps changing every day, the circumstances around us change every day and with that our attitude also needs to change. The same applies when you are living with a person. Learning every day and taking every day as a challenge will help you perfect healthy relationship tips.

4. ________________

This tip is especially meant for couples with children on how to maintain healthy relationships. After a certain period, couples complain about romance being lost. To keep your relationship healthy, take some time out from your day-to-day routines to spend some quality time with your partner. This can be done as dinners, indulging in outdoor activities or just hanging out at a coffee shop like old times.

5.________________

Respect has to be earned. It can only be earned only if you learn to respect. Often, one of the partners plays the role of a dictator to give orders, while the other simply follows. Both sides involved are equally responsible for this mistake. Learn to respect each other and understand that both of you are equally responsible for the relationship.

Creating a healthy relationship takes equal effort from both sides. Sharing, caring, being apologetic, forgiving and having realistic expectations are some of the important ingredients to the recipe of a healthy relationship.

As the pace（步速） of life continues to increase , we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is completely necessary for a healthy mind and body.
Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact , it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand(忍受) depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises（危机）we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established（确定的）links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.
【小题1】According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his ________.