题目内容
When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points. He was ______ and after thanking him for his honesty, I changed the ______ in my records. His beaming (欢笑的) face turned to _____. “You’re lowering my grade?” he said angrily. “I would never have come in ______ ……”
He didn’t finish the ______, but it was obvious that his display of honesty was false. He thought he’d have it all—praise and the ______ grade.
Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade ______ because all I’d accomplished was to discourage him from being ______ in the future. And every time I tell this ______, some people agree with this remark.
But I can’t see how I could give good ______ for worsening my mistake in grading by undermining (损害) the honesty of all my grades by failing to ______ an error. The grade itself would be a dishonest ______ of his knowledge and it would have been ______to other students. How could I possibly give a student a gift of an_____ grade?
I know ______ reporting an error in one’s favor is unusual, but, like ______ extra change, it’s clearly the right thing to do. People of character, those with real honesty, hate to give up benefits as ______ as anyone else. The difference is that for them a good conscience and reputation is ______enough to give reason for the cost of doing the right thing.
Perhaps lowering the student’s grade did ______ him from being honest in the future, but bribing (贿赂) him to be honest so that he does the right thing when it’s cost-free would have ______him even more. The duty to be honest is about right and wrong, not risks and rewards.
1.A. wise B. right C. rigid D. angry
2.A. file B. note C. name D. grade
3.A. grief B. shock C. happiness D. silence
4.A. whether B. which C. if D. what
5.A. sentence B. word C. exam D. lesson
6.A. higher B. lower C. more D. less
7.A. move B. stand C. change D. drop
8.A. brave B. adventurous C. honest D. successful
9.A. man B. story C. way D. exam
10.A. reason B. cause C. excuse D. result
11.A. make B. find C. avoid D. correct
12.A. reaction B. sense C. sign D. reflection
13.A. unfair B. cruel C. tough D. funny
14.A. unfinished B. undone C. unearned D. unquestioned
15.A. actively B. secretly C. voluntarily D. curiously
16.A. receiving B. returning C. earning D. paying
17.A. many B. well C. good D. much
18.A. pleasure B. reward C. content D. honor
19.A. discourage B. influence C. protect D. separate
20.A. improved B. encouraged C. ruined D. blamed
1.B
2.D
3.B
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.B
10.A
11.D
12.D
13.A
14.C
15.C
16.B
17.D
18.B
19.A
20.C
【解析】
试题分析:诚实是什么?我们该如何让人们诚实?文章通过一个小故事告诉了我们究竟该如何保持诚实
1.B 考查形容词辨析。A wise 明智的;Bright 正确的;B rigid 刻板的;D angry 生气的。根据下文我在成绩记录中改了他的名字,可知我也认为他是正确的,我多给他分数了。所以选B 项。
2.D 考查名词辨析 A file 文件;B note 笔记;C name 名字;D grade 分数。根据下文我在成绩记录中改了他的名字,可知我也认为他是正确的,我多给他分数了。所以选D项。
3.B 考查名词辨析 A grief 忧伤 ;B shock 震惊;C happiness 幸福;D silence安静。根据上下文可知这个学生对我降了他的分数感觉很惊讶,也很生气,接下来说:如果(我知道你降了我的分数),我就不会来了。所以选 B项。
4.C 考查连词辨析 A. whether 是否; B. which 哪一个; C. if 是否; D. what 什么。根据上文可知 接下来说:如果(我知道你降了我的分数),我就不会来了。所以选C项。
5.A 考查名词辨析 A sentence 句子;B word 话;C exam 考试;D lesson 功课。根据上文的"I would never have come in 44 …"可知他这句话没有说完。所以选B项。
6.A 考查形容词辨析 A higher 更高的;Blower 更低的;C more 更多;D less 更少。根据句意可知这个学生并不诚实,因为下句说他既想得到高分也想得到表扬。他表现出的诚实是假的。所以选A项。
7.B 考查动词辨析 A. move 移动; B. stand 站着; C. change 改变 D. drop 落下。根据上下文可知同事们都认为我不应该降他的分数,因为我们那样做会让他变得不诚实。所以选B项。
8.C 考查形容词辨析A. brave 勇敢的; B. adventurous冒险的; C. honest 诚实的 ; D. successful成功的 根据上下方的理解可知,如果 我那样做的话,会让他变得不诚实,所以选C项。
9.B 考查名词辨析 根据句意可知 我说起这个故事,人们都同意这样的话。句子的主语是我I,因些通过上下来进行判断得出句子的主语,注意分析句子成分来判断。所以选B项。根据句意:我没有任何理由不去纠正我的错误而去破坏我其它分手的平等性而使我错上加错,所以选B项。
10.A 考查名词辨析。A. reason 理由; B. cause 原因; C. excuse 借口;D. result 结果。根据句意:我没有任何理由不去纠正我的错误而去破坏我其它分手的平等性而使我错上加错,所以选B项。
11.D 考查动词辨析 A. make 使; B. find 发现;C. avoid 避免; D. correct 改正。根据上文提到我没有理由去纠正我的错误,使我自己错上加错,所以选D项。
12.D 考查名词辨析 A. reaction 反应; B. sense 感觉; C. sign 叹气; D. reflection 思考。
13.A 考查形容词辨析A. unfair 不公平的; B. cruel 残酷的; C. tough 坚硬的困难的; D. funny 有趣的。根据句意可知:那个分数本身就是对知识的不诚实的反应,对于别的学生来说这就是一种不公平。我怎么可能会给一个学生不应的分数呢?所以选A项。
14.C 考查动词辨析。 A. unfinished未完成; B. undone 求做完; C. unearned 不劳而获的; D. unquestioned 未提问的 根据上文提到The grade itself would be a dishonest ______ of his knowledge and it would have been ______to other students,分数本身就是不公平的,对于别的学生来说,所以选C项。
15.C 考查副词辨析A. actively 积极地; B. secretly 秘密地; C. voluntarily 义务地; D. curiously 好奇的。根据上下方的语境得知,我知道就像归还多给的零钱一样,自告奋勇地报告自己所犯的错误是不同寻常的,所以选C项。
16.B 考查动词辨析A. receiving 收到; B. returning 返回; C. earning 挣; D. paying 支付。根据下方提到it’s clearly the right thing to do这是正常的事情,故应归还多找的零钱,所以选B项。
17.D 考查代词。根据句意可知:那些真正诚实的人和别人一样也不愿意放弃好处。As much as anyone else 与别人是一样的,提到大众的一种心理 ,根据语境理解可知D项符合题意。
18.B 考查名词辨析 A. pleasure 快乐; B. reward 报酬; C. content 内容; D. honor荣誉。根据句意得知,唯一不同的是 对于他们来说,名誉就是最大的奖励,做正确的事情。所以选B项。
19.A 考查动词辨析A. discourage 令人气馁; B. influence 影响; C. protect保护; D. separate 分开。句意 降低学生的分数会使孩子在将来变得诚实,而是向自己妥协,为自己做正确的事找个合理的借口。所以选A项。
20.C考查动词辨析A. improved 提高; B. encouraged鼓励; C. ruined 毁灭; D. blamed 责备。根据上下方的理解可知 降低他的分数可能阻止他诚实,但是通过给他高分来让他诚实也许会让他收到更大的伤害。毁灭他的自己,因为选C项。
考点 故事类短文。
完形(15%)
Albert Einstein said, “In the middle of every difficulty lies opportunity.” Once __41 __, such opportunities are like valuable diamonds hidden in the sand.
Several years ago, I spoke at a school about how we were surrounded by “___42___ ” if we could only recognize them. A man stopped by to see me, and I remembered him as somebody who had suffered through a(n) ___43___ divorce (离婚) and was examining what was most important to him. He took a small ___44___ out of his pocket. Here is what he said to me that day.
“I ___45___ on this stone when I was leaving church last Sunday. You had spoken about ___46___ opportunities—diamonds. I put the stone in my ___47___ to remind me to look for those “diamonds” that I need. I have been trying to sell my business . On Monday morning, a man who seemed interested in ___48___ some of my stock (股票) stopped by. I thought, ‘Here’s my diamond—don’t let it ___49___!’ I sold the entire stock to him by noon. Now my next diamond is to find a new ___50___ !”
Not long afterward, he did find a new and better job. From then on, he decided to keep his stone with him all the time as a ___51___ to look for “diamonds” as he dug through the ___52___ of life.
Richard DeVos is right when he points out. “This is an exciting world. It is filled with opportunities. Great moments wait around every corner.” Those moments are diamonds that, ___53___ left unrecognized, will be forever lost.
Are you looking for “diamonds” every day? If not, you may ___54___ pass them by! Perhaps there is a diamond of opportunity hidden in the difficulty you’re ___55___ now.
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完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We often talk about ourselves as if we have permanent genetic defects (缺陷) that can never be changed. “I’m impatient.” “I’m always behind.” “I always put things 31 !” You’ve surely heard them. Maybe you’ve used them to describe 32 .
These comments may come from stories about us that have been 33 for years—often from 34 childhood. These stories may have no 35 in fact. But they can set low expectations for us. As a child, my mother said to me, “Marshall, you have no mechanical skills, and you will never have any mechanical skills for the rest of your life.” How did these expectations 36 my development? I was never 37 to work on cars or be around 38 . When I was 18, I took the US Army’s Mechanical Aptitude Test. My scores were in the bottom for the entire nation!
Six years later, 39 , I was at California University, working on my doctor’s degree. One of my professors, Dr. Bob Tannbaum, asked me to write down things I did well and things I couldn’t do. On the positive side, I 40 down, “research, writing, analysis, and speaking.” On the 41 side, I wrote, “I have no mechanical skills.”
Bob asked me how I knew I had no mechanical skills. I explained my life 42 and told him about my 43 performance on the Army test. Bob then asked, “ 44 is it that you can solve 45 mathematical problems, but you can’t solve simple mechanical problems?”
Suddenly I realized that I didn’t 46 from some sort of genetic defect. I was just living out expectations that I had chosen to 47 . At that point, it wasn’t just my family and friends who had been 48 my belief that I was mechanically hopeless. And it wasn’t just the Army test, either. I was the one who kept telling myself, “You can’t do this!” I realized that as long as I kept saying that, it was going to remain true. 49 , if we don’t treat ourselves as if we have incurable genetic defects, we can do well in almost 50 we choose.
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