阅读下列文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.

    Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows not limits. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agent (doer) of education can vary from respected grandparent to the people arguing about politics on the radio, from a child to a famous scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability(可预料性), education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions(宗教). People receive education from infancy(婴儿时期)on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a life-long process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one's entire life.

    Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at about the same time, take the assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The pieces of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have been limited by the subjects being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their society or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are clear and undoubtful conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

1．The passage is organized by ________.

    A. giving examples of different schools

    B. telling stories about excellent teachers

    C. listing and discussing several educational problems

    D. telling the difference between the meanings of two related words

2．The passage supports which of the following statements?

    A. Education systems need to be changed as soon as possible.

    B. Without formal education, people won't be able to read and write.

    C. Going to school is only part of how people become educated.

    D. Schooling is of no use because students do similar things every day.

3．What does the writer mean by using the expression “children interrupt their education to go to school” in Paragraph one?

    A. All of life is education.

    B. Learning takes place everywhere.

    C. Education is totally ruined by schooling.

    D. Schooling prevents people from discovering new things.

4．What is the main idea of the passage?

    A. The best schools teach a variety of subjects.

    B. Education and schooling are quite different experiences.

    C. The more years the students go to school, the better their education is.

D. Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.

阅读理解

阅读下列文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.

    Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows not limits. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agent (doer) of education can vary from respected grandparent to the people arguing about politics on the radio, from a child to a famous scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability(可预料性), education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions(宗教). People receive education from infancy(婴儿时期)on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a life-long process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one's entire life.

    Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at about the same time, take the assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The pieces of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have been limited by the subjects being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their society or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are clear and undoubtful conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

1．The passage is organized by ________.

    A. giving examples of different schools

    B. telling stories about excellent teachers

    C. listing and discussing several educational problems

    D. telling the difference between the meanings of two related words

2．The passage supports which of the following statements?

    A. Education systems need to be changed as soon as possible.

    B. Without formal education, people won't be able to read and write.

    C. Going to school is only part of how people become educated.

    D. Schooling is of no use because students do similar things every day.

3．What does the writer mean by using the expression “children interrupt their education to go to school” in Paragraph one?

    A. All of life is education.

    B. Learning takes place everywhere.

    C. Education is totally ruined by schooling.

    D. Schooling prevents people from discovering new things.

4．What is the main idea of the passage?

    A. The best schools teach a variety of subjects.

    B. Education and schooling are quite different experiences.

    C. The more years the students go to school, the better their education is.

D. Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.

Holiday Inns and McDonald’s. both saw unmatched growth in the 1960s. Their growth opened another direct business operation—franchising.
These operations have the same general pattern. The franchisor, the parent company, first establishes a successful retail business. As it expands, it sees a profit potential in offering others the right to open similar business under its name. The parent company’s methods and means of identification with consumers are included in this right. The parent company supplies skill, and may build and rent stores to franchisees. For these advantages the franchisee pays the franchisor a considerable fee. However, some of the advantages and disadvantages are different.
By extending a “proven” marketing method, a parent can profit in several ways. First, the franchisee’s purchase price gives the parent an immediate return on the plan. Then the sale of supplies to the franchisee provides a continuing source of profits. As new businesses are added and the company’s reputation spreads, the values of the franchise increases and sales of franchises become easier. The snowballing effect can be dramatic. Such growth, too, bring into play the economies of scale. Regional or national advertising that might be financially impossible for a franchisor with 20 franchises could be profitable for one with 40.
The parent, then, finds immediate gains from the opportunity to expand markets on the basis of reputation alone, without having to put up capital or take the risk of owning retail stores. Added to this advantage is a less obvious but material one, Skilled, responsible retail managers are rare. People who invest their capital in franchises, though, probably come closer to the ideal than do paid managers. In fact, the franchisee is an independent store operator working for the franchisor, but without an independent’s freedom to drop supplies at will. Of course the factory’s costs of selling supplies are less. But also certainly the franchisee buying goods that have had broad consumer acceptance will not casually change supplies, even when the contract permits. If the hamburger is not what the customer expected, they may not return. Having paid for the goodwill, the franchisee won’t thoughtlessly destroy it.
【小题1】 Franchising refers to a business operation in which a successful parent company          .

Holiday Inns and McDonald’s. both saw unmatched growth in the 1960s. Their growth opened another direct business operation—franchising.

These operations have the same general pattern. The franchisor, the parent company, first establishes a successful retail business. As it expands, it sees a profit potential in offering others the right to open similar business under its name. The parent company’s methods and means of identification with consumers are included in this right. The parent company supplies skill, and may build and rent stores to franchisees. For these advantages the franchisee pays the franchisor a considerable fee. However, some of the advantages and disadvantages are different.

By extending a “proven” marketing method, a parent can profit in several ways. First, the franchisee’s purchase price gives the parent an immediate return on the plan. Then the sale of supplies to the franchisee provides a continuing source of profits. As new businesses are added and the company’s reputation spreads, the values of the franchise increases and sales of franchises become easier. The snowballing effect can be dramatic. Such growth, too, bring into play the economies of scale. Regional or national advertising that might be financially impossible for a franchisor with 20 franchises could be profitable for one with 40.

The parent, then, finds immediate gains from the opportunity to expand markets on the basis of reputation alone, without having to put up capital or take the risk of owning retail stores. Added to this advantage is a less obvious but material one, Skilled, responsible retail managers are rare. People who invest their capital in franchises, though, probably come closer to the ideal than do paid managers. In fact, the franchisee is an independent store operator working for the franchisor, but without an independent’s freedom to drop supplies at will. Of course the factory’s costs of selling supplies are less. But also certainly the franchisee buying goods that have had broad consumer acceptance will not casually change supplies, even when the contract permits. If the hamburger is not what the customer expected, they may not return. Having paid for the goodwill, the franchisee won’t thoughtlessly destroy it.

1. Franchising refers to a business operation in which a successful parent company          .

2.. The advantages of franchising to the parent company are all the following EXCEPT      .

3. The passage mainly tells the reader          .

4.. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.

　　Education is much more openended and allinclusive than schooling. Education knows not limits. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of information learning. The agent (doer) of education can vary from respected grandparent to the people arguing about politics on the radio, from a child to a famous scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability (可预料性), education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions (宗教). People receive education from infancy (婴幼儿) on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process (过程), a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one's entire life.

　　Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at about the same time, take the assigned (指定的) seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The pieces of reality that are to learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have been limited by the subjects being taught, For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their sociery or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are clear and undoubtful conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

1．The passage is organized by ________.

[　　]

A．listing and discussing several educational problems

B．telling a story about excellent teachers

C．giving examples of different schools

D．telling the difference between the meanings of two related words

2．The passage supports which of the following statements?

[　　]

A．Going to school is only part of how people become educated.

B．Without formal education, people won't be able to read and write.

C．Education systems need to be changed as soon as possible.

D．Schooling is of no use because students do similar things every day.

3．The phrase “For example”, in paragraph 3, introduces a sentence ________.

[　　]

A．that shows the unknown workings of government

B．that brings about the bad results of schooling

C．that helps to find out some similar textbooks

D．that gives examples of the limits of classroom subjects

4．What does the writer mean by using the expression “children interrupt their education to go to school” in paragraph 1?

[　　]

A．Education is totally ruined by schooling.

B．Learning takes place everywhere.

C．All of life is an education.

D．schooling prevents people from discovering new things

5．What is the main idea of this passage?

[　　]

A．The more years students go to school the better their education is.

B．Education and schooling are quite different experiences.

C．The best schools teach a variety of subjects.

D．Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.