When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions (感知，认知)：
　　(1)Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning education, and personal experiences.
　　(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus (聚焦) primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick (标准) to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
　　(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of out own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的) information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore (忽视) the stimulus- “He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting. ”
　　We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information- “All kids (孩子) get into mischief (顽皮) . Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal. ” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information-”It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…
【小题1】The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.

If you have ever been rock climbing, then you will know that it is not a very easy sport. In fact you probably felt quite defeated when you first tried to do any serious climbing. Indoor and outdoor rock climbing are both extremely demanding and, like anything else, require practice, to get good at. What most people don’t know is that the sport of rock climbing is one of the most physically and mentally demanding sports there is.
There are three basic types of rock climbing. Top roping is probably one of the most common types and is basically climbing with a partner. The second type, which is very similar to top roping, is called lead climbing. In both of these types of rock climbing the climber can sit off the wall and rest on the rope.
The third type of rock climbing is called bouldering. Bouldering is a type of free climbing without any ropes. This is the most demanding of all climbing types. The climber must be able to complete the climbing without taking a rest on the rope.
Believe it or not, climbing is said to be about 75% legs and only 25% arms. To climb efficiently and successfully, a person needs to have a wonderful technique. One of the major rules of rock climbing is to always have three points touching the wall, whether it is both feet and one hand, or one foot and both hands, as it is much easier to have your weight rest on three points than on two. Another important idea to grasp is that your arms in most cases will do the climbing; they only hold you into the wall so that your legs are actually pushing you upward. Also, the closer you are to the wall, the easier it is to climb.
Rock climbing may sound a bit too extreme for the everyday person but it really is an amazing workout. Once you get into the sport, and learn how to position your body and rest your weight, then you can begin to deal with some difficult problems. The great thing about rock climbing is that it is mentally challenging as well. You are constantly analyzing the way your body moves and how to do certain moves on the wall. For anyone who wants to get into shape, rock climbing is a fun and effective way to exercise muscles.
41．What does the author think of rock climbing?
A．It is an easy sport.          B．It is challenging.
C．It is quite dangerous.       D．It is extremely difficult.
42．According to this passage, we know that __________.
A．indoor rock climbing is much easier than outdoor rock climbing
B．while rock climbing, people depend mainly on their arms
C．ordinary people can practise rock climbing
D．during climbing, the climber can always stop for a rest
43．It is much easier for a rock climber if he ___________ while climbing.
A．takes a rope            B．has a partner
C．has three points touching the wall   D．uses feet more often
44．___________ will make rock climb easier.
A．Keeping the body closer to the wall   B．Resting more often on the arms
C．Resting more often on the feet    D．Pushing forward without thinking of the problems
45．By rock climbing, one can _____________.
A．get more weight and stronger muscles       B．get both physical and mental exercises
C．have a terrible experience that will last long.   D．probably feel quite defeated

第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分．满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意．然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I can still remember when I met my best friend．She had just moved into the neighborhood and her grandmother brought her down to  1     me．I hid behind my motherland she hid behind her grandmother，  3       to look at each other．Soon we lost the 2       and started playing with each other．
In the 7th grade，I first lost touch with her．She was  4     family problems and I deserted her to be with the because they knew she had  5        people．None of my new friends liked her as much as I did because they knew she had  6      ．However，every summer we could always sit at each other’s house and watch soap operas，and talk about all the boys we liked．
It was last year when I noticed the problem．I guess I was too devoted in high school to  7       she needed someone there for her．Anyway，she made a new best friend and so did I．Then 1 didn’t know why，but she started cutting herself!
She then was diagnosed（诊断）with clinical depression．At first，1 was very 8 ，but we still stayed in  9 ．I wanted to be there for her since her new best friend basically  10  her and people were calling her  11 ．
Yesterday she came to me and said：“I never knew what a best friend was until you were the only person that would stop me cutting．I  12  you so much，and you didn’t even know you were  13  me．”
We both cried．And I guess a kind of  14  from my life so far is never to give up on your friends．Even if they aren’t as cool as others，or people think they are crazy，they need someone there．If you desert them，you will only be  15  yourself.
1．A．follow      B．meet  C．join   D．support
2．A．scared      B．annoyed    C．worried    D．delighted
3．A．temper     B．interest     C．confidence       D．shyness
4．A．taking up  B．getting through C．going through  D．making up
5．A．happier     B．cooler       C．stronger    D．cleverer
6．A．problems  B．shortcomings    C．partners    D．disabilities
7．A．admit       B．accept       C．consider    D．realize
8．A．calm B．considerate       C．upset D．helpful
9．A．place B．touch C．control     D．mood
10．A．confused   B．bothered   C．reminded  D．deserted
11．A．crazy B．stubborn   C．clumsy     D．stupid
12．A．expect      B．influence  C．appreciate D．demand
13．A．urging      B．blaming    C．helping     D．hurting
14．A．honour     B．favour      C．pleasure    D．lesson
15．A．innocent   B．successful C．guilty       D．reliable

“NOW I just don't believe that. ”Surely all of us, at some point, have watched a movie and thought: It's simply badly researched，or the makers must think we're fools. Recently, The Daily Telegraph ran a humorous piece on untrue tech moments from some top movies. Let’s see what they are all about.
Tom Chiver, the writer of The Daily Telegraph uses his first example from the movie Independence Day, in which a character comes up with a virus（病毒）which destroys Windows the computer system the alien （外星人）spacecraft uses. “It's a good thing that they didn't have Norton Anti-virus，” jokes  Chivers.
It's just one case of a movie that takes a lot of license with its science. Another one Chivers mentions is from the movie Star Wars, where the glowing light beams (光束）traveling through space look very impressive. But the problem is that in space there are no air particles (粒子）for the light to reflect off. In reality, they'd be invisible（看不见的）, which wouldn’t look so cool on the big screen.
Most people think that the mind—bending Matrix films are made for great viewing. But for Chivers, the science in the movies is a little bit silly. He comments “…the film is based on the idea that humans are kept alive as electricity generators (发电机). This is not just unlikely —it's basically impossible. They would need more energy to stay alive than they would produce. It's just like saying that you'll power the car with batteries, and keep the batteries charged by running a generator from the wheels. ”
And finally, as Chivers points out, DNA is not replaceable. But this bit of elementary genetics passed the makers of the 2002 Bond film Die Another Day by. In the film the bad guy has “gene treatment” to change his appearance and his DNA, which is completely impossible in our real world.
【小题1】Which of the following does the writer agree with about the movie Independence Day?

There is a famous story about British poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. He was writing a poem when he was interrupted by a knock at the door.
This was an age before telephones. Someone was delivering a message. When Coleridge got back to his poem, he had lost his inspiration. His poetic mood had been broken by the knock on his door. His unfinished poem, which could otherwise have been a masterpiece, would now never be more than a fragment.
This story tells how unexpected communication can destroy an important thought, which bring us to the cellphone.
The most common complaint about cellphones is that people talk on them to the annoyance of people around them. But more damaging may be the cellphone’s interruption of our thoughts.
We have already entered a golden age of little white lies about our cellphones, and this is by and large（大体上）a healthy, protective development. “I didn’t hear it ring” or “I didn’t realize my phone had shut off” are among the lies we tell to give ourselves space where we’re beyond reach.
The notion of being unreachable is not a new concept—we have “Do Not Disturb” sign on the doors of hotel rooms. So why must we feel guilty when it comes to cellphones? Why must we apologize if we decide to shut off the phone for a while?
Now time alone, or a conversation with someone next to us which cannot be interrupted by a phone, is something to be cherished. Even cellphone devotees（信徒）, myself usually included, can’t help at times wanting to throw their phone away, or curse the day they were invented.
But we don’t and won’t, and there really is no need. All that’s required to take back our private time is a general social recognition that we have the right to it. In other words, we have to develop a healthy contempt(轻视) for the rings of our own phones.
A cellphone call deserves no greater priority(优先考虑的事) than a random(随机的) word from the person next to us，though the call on my cellphone may be the one-in-a-million from Steven Spielberg—who has finally read my novel and wants to make it his next movie. But most likely it is not, and I’m better off thinking about the idea I just had for a new story, or the slice of pizza I’ll eat for lunch.
【小题1】What is the point of the anecdote about the poet Coleridge in the first three paragraphs?