题目内容

 When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions (感知,认知):
  (1)Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning education, and personal experiences.
  (2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus (聚焦) primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick (标准) to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
  (3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of out own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的) information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore (忽视) the stimulus- “He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting. ”
  We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information- “All kids (孩子) get into mischief (顽皮) . Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal. ” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information-”It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…
【小题1】The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.

A.the abilities of one’s auditory (听) and visual (视) sensors
B.cultural background and personal experiences
C.experiences one learns from others
D.critical measures taken by other people
【小题2】While observing a particular person, ______.
A.one is likely to take all aspects (方面) into consideration
B.one pays more attention to his/her advantages
C.children often differ from grown-ups in perception
D.one tends to choose certain cues (提示) to look for
【小题3】Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because ______.
A.their measuring yardsticks are not the same
B.either of them may be slow to catch information
C.the time for observation is not long enough
D.each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions
【小题4】The word “stimulus ” in paragraph 4 refers to ______.
A.something attractiveB.selective perception
C.contradictory informationD.shoplifting


【小题1】B
【小题1】D
【小题1】A
【小题1】C
【小题1】A

解析

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  L'HAY-LES-ROSES, France:Three teenage girls admitted starting a fire in a suburban Paris housing project over the weekend that killed 17 people, including three children, police said yesterday.A fourth girl was held yesterday morning.

  The fire in a 19-storey building south of Paris was the third fatal blaze in the Paris area in nine days.The death toll rose to 16 after a man died late Sunday in a hospital, where seven others were being treated for serious injuries, police said.

  Three teenagers taken in for questioning on Sunday admitted having started the fire for fun, police said.Two of the suspects were 18-year-old, the other was 16, police said.Further details were not available.

  Witnesses claimed to have seen a group of youths who lived in the building start the fire, said Patrick Seve, mayor of the town of L'HAY-LES-ROSES, near Orly airport, where the building was located.

  The fire is believed to have broken out in the lobby(门厅)of the building before raging up a stairwell at least three floors.Some residents jumped from windows as the fire spread through the building's entrance.

  Authorities were investigating possible criminals in an August 26 fire that killed 14 African children and three adults in a Paris apartment building.Three days later, another fire killed seven in a building.

  Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy suggested on French television on Sunday night that copycats(盲目模仿者)were at work.“Each time there is a new story, sometimes that gives ideas to people who then turn into criminals,”Sarkozy said, promising severe punishment for anyone found guilty of arson(纵火).

(1)

What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?

[  ]

A.

Three girls were caught setting fire to a building.

B.

The fourth girl wasn't present when the fire broke out.

C.

All the people lost their lives before police came.

D.

Paris was troubled by fire during that period.

(2)

Why did the teenagers start the fire?

[  ]

A.

They were interested in playing with fire.

B.

They wanted to make fun of their parents.

C.

They were not satisfied with the surroundings.

D.

They wanted to warm themselves.

(3)

From the fourth and fifth paragraphs we know that ________.

[  ]

A.

the witnesses must have put out the fire

B.

the lobby of the building was covered with wood.

C.

the witnesses were familiar with the teenagers

D.

the residents shouldn't have jumped from windows

(4)

What the Minister said in the last paragraph means that ________.

[  ]

A.

he doesn't like to listen to new stories

B.

he has no time to write new stories

C.

teenagers often have ideas to turn into criminals

D.

teenagers may do the same as others have done

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