Learners report two main difficulties in reading, which may be linked. There are too many unknown words and as a result reading is simply not a pleasure. For some students, even reading in their own language is a chore.
　　Having a wide vocabulary is essential to making sense of written language. Of course, this is a circular argument, because the more you read the more vocabulary you learn and the more words you know the more easily you can read. Don’t make the mistake of reading with your dictionary beside you, looking up every single new or doubtful word. This is laborious and prevents you from practicing the skill of prediction.
　　Sometimes in reading you find a word you know but the sense doesn’t seem to fit in. This is not surprising because words have so many meanings and degrees of meaning. What is more, part of their meaning is shaped by the words around them. Keep looking at the surrounding words and asking yourself “what sort of meaning would make sense here?”
　　The more that people study the reading process, the better they can pass on to language learners a range of advice to choose from. People have learned to read in all kinds of ways. Here is some information that could help you plan to be a better reader in the foreign language you are studying.
　　1）Work out the general meaning first
　　When people read in a new language they often feel they must take a detailed approach, focusing on every word, particularly those they don’t know. They read as if they were using a microscope, looking carefully at each of the small pieces（the individual words）, but not necessarily seeing the whole picture at first. This is called the “bottom-up” approach. Other readers try to look first at the big picture（the “top-down” approach）, attending to individual bricks only as necessary, a process that involves some intelligent guesswork. Generally this second approach is recommended by successful learners.
　　2）Interactive reading
　　Another way of thinking about reading is to describe it as an interactive process, where the text brings something to you and you bring something to the text. Readers bring together all their knowledge of the world with what they see on the page in front of them. That is why, when reading in our own language, we don’t need to read every word. We add meaning which is not actually stated.
　　3）From supported reading to independent reading
　　Language learners start by needing considerable support as they read. Textbooks supply this support in the form of introductions that summaries the contents, glossaries, pictures, explanations of new grammar points. In your reading you need to move gradually from this support to reading more the text itself.
【小题1】. According to the author, ______.

Directions：Read the following three passages．Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage．

A

Hi, dear boys and girls! Do you know how to be a healthy kid? Here are some rules you should follow.

　First, eat different foods, especially fruit and vegetables. You may have a favorite food, but you'd better eat something different, if you eat different foods, you will probably get more nutrients your body needs.

　Second, drink water and milk as often as possible. When you're really thirsty, cold water is the No.l choice. Milk is a great drink that can give you more calcium your body needs to grow strong bones.

Third, listen to your body. How do you feel when you are full? When you are eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Eating too much will not make you feel comfortable and make you fat.

　Fourth, limit screen time. Screen time is the time you watch TV, DVDs and videos, or using computers. It is good to take more exercise such as basketball, bike riding and swimming. You can't watch TV for more than two hours a day.

　Fifth, be active. One thing you'd like to do as a kid is to find out which activity you like best. Find ways to be active every day.

　Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid.

1. You should eat different foods especially ___.

A. meat 　　B. hamburgers　　 C. sweets 　　　　D. fruit and vegetables　

2. Which kind of drinks can give you more calcium?

A. Juice　　B. Milk　　　　　 C. Cold water　　 D. Tea

3. According to the passage, you should follow　＿＿rules if you want to be healthy.

A. five　　 B. nine　　　　　 C. fifteen　　　　D. thirteen

4. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. When you're eating, you don't have to notice how your body feels.

B. You can eat your favorite food as much as possible.

C. You can watch TV whenever you like to get more information.

D. We should try to live in an active way in our life.

5. Which is the best title of the passage?

A. How to make yourself important

B. How to be a healthy kid

C. How to be a popular kid

D. How to make your parents healthy

What do Chinese college graduates have in common with ants? The recent 36 Ant Tribes about the life of some young people 37 flock （群集） to Beijing after 38 university，describes the graduates，like ants，as smart but 39 as individuals，drawing strength from living together in communities.

The book，which is based 40 two years of interviews with about 600 low-income college graduates in Beijing， 41 in mid-September，about a month ahead of an announcement by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security that 74% of the 6.11 million new graduates from universities and colleges had been 42 by Sept．1.

The book’s chief editor，Lian Sir，tells that piece of statistic says 43 about the real situation for many of these graduates．“I am always 　44　 how many of these employed college graduates are leading a happy life,” Lian said．“I hope this book could offer a window on these graduates，whose stories are 45　 known.”

The setting of the book is several so-called “settlement villages for college students” in the outskirts （市郊） of Beijing，where a large 46 of college graduates 47 ．Most of these graduates work for 48 or medium-sized businesses， 49 less than 2,000 Yuan a month．They live together because it’s 50: The rent in these communities is only around 350 Yuan a month．Many of them travel several hours a day for short-term jobs or job interviews.

Tangjialing，a small 51 20 kilometers from Tian’anmen Square，has around 3,000 52 villagers，but has become a 53 for more than 50,000 migrants （移民），most of whom 54 from universities or colleges all over the country．Lian describes the students’ 55 as five or six-storey buildings built by local farmers with 12 rooms on each floor and two or three people crammed （挤） together in each room of about 10 square meters．Up to 70 or 80 people share the same toilet and kitchen.

36．A．film 　　　　　　　　　 B．story 　　　　　　　　　 C．book　 　　　　　　　　 D．magazine

37．A．who 　　　　　　　　　 B．what 　　　　　　　　　　 C．which 　　　　　　　　 D．whose

38．A．leaving　 　　　　　　 B．entering 　　　　　　　 C．visiting 　　　　　　　　 D．enjoying

39．A．necessary 　　　　　 B．meaningless 　　　　 C．important 　　　　　 D．strong

40．A．in 　　　　　　　　　　　 B．on　 　　　　　　　　　 C．at　 　　　　　　　　　　 D．for

41．A．came up 　　　　　　　 B．came on 　　　　　　　 C．came along 　　　　　 D．came out

42．A．fired　 　　　　　　　　 B．interviewed 　　　　 C．employed 　　　　　　 D．trained

43．A．much 　　　　　　　　 B．little　 　　　　　　　　　 C．some 　　　　　　　　　 D．more

44．A．wondering　 　　　　　　 B．researching 　　　　 C．studying 　　　　　　 D．telling

45．A．seldom　 　　　　　　 B．well　　 　　　　　　　 C．always 　　　　　　　　 D．often

46．A．deal　 　　　　　　　　 B．plenty　 　　　　　　　 C．amount 　　　　　　　　 D．number

47．A．work　 　　　　　　　　 B．go　 　　　　　　　　　 C．relax 　　　　　　　　　 D．live

48．A．small　 　　　　　　　　 B．big　 　　　　　　　　 C．famous 　　　　　　　 D．unknown

49．A．earning　 　　　　　　 B．thinking 　　　 C．shopping 　　　　　　　 D．paying

50．A．expensive 　　　　　　 B．comfortable 　　　　　 C．cheap 　　　　　　　　 D．convenient

51．A．city　　 　　　　　　　 B．town　　 　　　　　　 C．community 　　　　　 D．village

52．A．original 　　　　　　　 B．young　 　　　　　　 C．rich 　　　　　　　　　　 D．poor

53．A．school 　　　　　　　　 B．hotel　　 　　　　　 C．home　 　　　　　　　 D．company

54．A．come　 　　　　　　　 B．differ　 　　　　　　　　 C．graduate 　　　　　　 D．suffer

55．A．lives　 　　　　　　　　 B．dormitories 　　　　 C．buildings 　　　　　　　 D．restaurants

短文写作（共1题；满分25分）

根据提示用英语介绍二十世纪杰出的女性之一：海伦??凯勒（Helen Keller.）。

　　内容要点如下：

　　1、海伦??凯勒1880年6月出生于美国。她十九个月大时，由于生病变得又聋又盲。从此她就生活在见不到天日、听不到声音的世界里。

　　2、七岁时，她的父母给她找了一名老师——Miss Sullivan. Miss Sullivan在教海伦的过程中遇到了许多困难。由于海伦的坚强意志和智慧以及Miss Sullivan的技巧和耐心，她们克服了所有的困难，并取得了成功。

　　3、她完成了大学教育，取得了英语文学学位；致力于盲聋儿童的社会工作；著有多本著作，其中《我的一生》（The Story of My Life）最为著名。

　　注意：

　　1）介绍须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条翻译。

　　2）可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯。

　　3）词数：130左右。

　　参考词汇：意志和智慧will and intelligence；技巧和耐心skill and patience；英语文学学位a degree in English literature

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