First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

　　First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal injury and paralysis.

　　Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for medical bracelet or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.

　　First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known by the ABC, which stands for：

　　A- Airway：is it open and unobstructed? .

　　B- Breathing：is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

　　C- Circulation：is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

　　Once obvious injuries have been evaluated, the injured person's head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body. If no evidence exists to suggest potential skull or spinal injury, place the injured person in a comfortable position. Positioned on one side, a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway.

(1) It is very important in first aid to________.

[　　]

A．move the injured person from the scene' of accident immediately

B．spend a few minutes for making the difference between recovery and death

C．know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim

D．remove the medical bracelet or card from the victim

(2) One of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid, that is________.

[　　]

A．to check whether the victim is breathing

B．to let the victim lie on one side

C．to telephone a hospital at once

D．to wait patiently for more skillful medical treatment before carrying on first aid

(3) The article implies that the provider of first aid should be especially careful ________.

[　　]

A．in handing the victim only if he learns that the victim has both diabetes and heart trouble

B．in handing the victim if he learns that the victim has diabetes or heart trouble

C．not to move the victim if he finds a medical bracelet on the victim

D．not to move the victim if he finds the accident scene to be unsafe

(4) According to this article, first aid is usually provided by_______.

[　　]

A．professional doctors

B．the victim's family members

C．the victim's friends

D．those people who are not necessarily professional doctors

(5) This article can be said to be one to_______.

[　　]

A．give basic knowledge about how to practice first aid

B．give a brief introduction to the history of first aid

C．give some knowledge to anyone who may be injured in an accident

　　First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

　　First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal injury and paralysis.

　　Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for medical bracelet or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.

　　First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known by the ABC, which stands for：

　　A- Airway：is it open and unobstructed? .

　　B- Breathing：is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

　　C- Circulation：is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

　　Once obvious injuries have been evaluated, the injured person's head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body. If no evidence exists to suggest potential skull or spinal injury, place the injured person in a comfortable position. Positioned on one side, a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway.

(1) It is very important in first aid to________.

[　　]

A．move the injured person from the scene' of accident immediately

B．spend a few minutes for making the difference between recovery and death

C．know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim

D．remove the medical bracelet or card from the victim

(2) One of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid, that is________.

[　　]

A．to check whether the victim is breathing

B．to let the victim lie on one side

C．to telephone a hospital at once

D．to wait patiently for more skillful medical treatment before carrying on first aid

(3) The article implies that the provider of first aid should be especially careful ________.

[　　]

A．in handing the victim only if he learns that the victim has both diabetes and heart trouble

B．in handing the victim if he learns that the victim has diabetes or heart trouble

C．not to move the victim if he finds a medical bracelet on the victim

D．not to move the victim if he finds the accident scene to be unsafe

(4) According to this article, first aid is usually provided by_______.

[　　]

A．professional doctors

B．the victim's family members

C．the victim's friends

D．those people who are not necessarily professional doctors

(5) This article can be said to be one to_______.

[　　]

A．give basic knowledge about how to practice first aid

B．give a brief introduction to the history of first aid

C．give some knowledge to anyone who may be injured in an accident

阅读理解

　　First aid is emergency care for a victim(受害人) of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain vital(性命攸关的) signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed(通畅的) airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the seriously injured, a few minutes can make a difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

　　First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal injury and paralysis(永久性的脊髓伤害和瘫痪).

　　Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious(有知觉的), should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess(估计) the scene, asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions(原先就存在的疾病) such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.

　　First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating(估计) a victim's condition is known by the acmnym(只取首字母) ABC, which stands for:

　　A－Airway: is it open and unobstructed?

　　B－Breathing; Is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

　　C－Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally(外表上)? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

　　Once obvious injuries have been evaluated, the injured person's head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body. If no evidence exists to suggest potential skull(头骨) or spinal injury, place the injured person in a comfortable position. Positioned on one side, a victim can vomit(呕吐) without choking(窒息) or obstructing the airway.

1．Which one of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid?

[　　]

A．To check whether the victim is breathing.

B．To let the victim lie on one side.

C．To telephone a hospital at once.

D．To wait patiently for more skillful medical treatment before carrying out first aid.

2．The article implies that the provider of first aid should be especially careful ________.

[　　]

A．in handling the victim only if he learns that the victim has both diabetes and heart trouble

B．in handling the victim if he learns that the victim has diabetes or heart trouble

C．not to move the victim if he finds a medical bracelet on the victim

D．not to move the victim if he finds the accident scene to be unsafe

3．According to this article, first aid is usually provided by ________.

[　　]

A．professional doctors

B．the victim's family members

C．the victim's friends

D．those people who are not necessarily professional doctors

4．The purpose of the writer is to ________.

[　　]

A．give basic knowledge about how to practice first aid

B．give a brief introduction to the history of first aid

C．give some knowledge to anyone who may be injured in an accident

D．give warning that first aid is dangerous to those who do not know how to do it

阅读理解

　　Certain people make you feel comfortable when they are around．You spend an hour with them and feel as if you've known them half your life. These people have something in common. And once we know what it is,we can try to do it ourselves.

　　How is it done? Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills,they'll help you put people at their ease (自在),and make friends with them quickly.

　　First of all good talkers ask questions. Almost anyone,no matter how shy he is,will answer a question. One well-known business woman says,“At business lunches,I always ask people what they did that morning. It's a common question，but it will get things going. ”From there you can move on to other matters -- sometimes to really personal questions. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.

　　Second,once good talkers have asked questions,they listen for the answers. This point seems clear,but it isn't. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out,you really have to listen,carefully and attentively.

　　Real listening at least means some things. First it means not to change the subject of conversation,if someone sticks to one topic,you can take it as a fact that he's really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words,but to tones (腔调) of voice. If the voice sounds dull (单调的),then,it's time for you to change the subject.

　　Finally,good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion (场合) of parting. If you're saying good-bye,you may give him a firm handshake and say“I've really enjoyed meeting you.” If you want to see that person again,don't keep it a secret. Let people know what you feel,and they may walk away feeling as if they've known you half their life.

(1)You'll like to stay with some people ________.

[　　]

A．who know well how they can get along with others

B．from whom you can get much help

C．who'll never get into trouble

D．who always follow you

(2)Asking questions might be a quite good way_________.

[　　]

A．for you to make more and more new friends

B．for you to end the talk

C．to get conversation going without any difficulty

D．to begin your business talks

(3)After you ask somebody a question,you should_________.

[　　]

A．make it clear what kind of person he is

B．listen to his reply attentively

C．wait quiedy for his answer

D．go on asking him more questions

(4)Good talkers are persons_______.

[　　]

A．who are good at making any topic interesting

B．who never talk too much or too little

C．who always speaks in a gentle way

D．who know how and when they should,change the topic of the talk

(5)If you really want to see someone again,________.

[　　]

A．it seems necessary for you to let him know it

B．you may take him as your good friend

C．it is necessary for you to give him a seared handshake

阅读理解

　　Certain people make you feel comfortable when they are around．You spend an hour with them and feel as if you've known them half your life. These people have something in common. And once we know what it is,we can try to do it ourselves.

　　How is it done? Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills,they'll help you put people at their ease (自在),and make friends with them quickly.

　　First of all good talkers ask questions. Almost anyone,no matter how shy he is,will answer a question. One well-known business woman says,“At business lunches,I always ask people what they did that morning. It's a common question，but it will get things going. ”From there you can move on to other matters -- sometimes to really personal questions. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.

　　Second,once good talkers have asked questions,they listen for the answers. This point seems clear,but it isn't. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out,you really have to listen,carefully and attentively.

　　Real listening at least means some things. First it means not to change the subject of conversation,if someone sticks to one topic,you can take it as a fact that he's really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words,but to tones (腔调) of voice. If the voice sounds dull (单调的),then,it's time for you to change the subject.

　　Finally,good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion (场合) of parting. If you're saying good-bye,you may give him a firm handshake and say“I've really enjoyed meeting you.” If you want to see that person again,don't keep it a secret. Let people know what you feel,and they may walk away feeling as if they've known you half their life.

(1)You'll like to stay with some people ________.

[　　]

A．who know well how they can get along with others

B．from whom you can get much help

C．who'll never get into trouble

D．who always follow you

(2)Asking questions might be a quite good way_________.

[　　]

A．for you to make more and more new friends

B．for you to end the talk

C．to get conversation going without any difficulty

D．to begin your business talks

(3)After you ask somebody a question,you should_________.

[　　]

A．make it clear what kind of person he is

B．listen to his reply attentively

C．wait quiedy for his answer

D．go on asking him more questions

(4)Good talkers are persons_______.

[　　]

A．who are good at making any topic interesting

B．who never talk too much or too little

C．who always speaks in a gentle way

D．who know how and when they should,change the topic of the talk

(5)If you really want to see someone again,________.

[　　]

A．it seems necessary for you to let him know it

B．you may take him as your good friend

C．it is necessary for you to give him a seared handshake