CHICAGO ---Call it a reward, or just “bribery(贿赂)”.

Whichever it is, many parents today readily admit to buying off their children, who get goodies(好东西) for anything from behaving in a restaurant to sleeping all night in their own beds.

That’s what worries parenting experts.

“I think that reward systems have a time and a place and work really well in certain situations,” says Marcy Safyer, director of the Adelphi University Institute for Parenting.

“But what often gets lost for people is being able to figure out how to communicate to their kids that doing the thing is rewarding enough,” Safyer says.

Parents and experts alike agree that the dynamic(动力) is partly a reflection of the world we live in. It’s unrealistic to think a parent wouldn’t reward their children with material things sometimes, says Robin Lanzi, a clinical psychologist and mother of four who’s the research director at the Center on Health and Education at Georgetown University.

“But you want to make sure that they match the behavior, so it’s not something huge for something small,” Lanzi says.

She recalls hearing about a father who offered his child a Nintendo Wii game system for scoring a couple goals in a soccer game.

Elizabeth Powell, a mother of two young daughters in Austin, Texas, knows what she means.

“You want to raise them in a way that they’re respectful and appreciate things,” Powell says of her children. “But sometimes, you wonder now if kids appreciate even a new pair of shoes. ”

1.Parenting experts are worried that ____ .

2.What Safyer says suggests that ____ .

3.What can we learn from what Robin Lanzi says?

4.The father who offered his child a Nintendo Wii game system can be regarded as

_____.

Would you like a burger or fried chicken for lunch? No Way! Please pass me the salad   36 ．

      Hi, my name is Mor??gan Jacobs, and I decided to be a vegetarian  37 I love all animals．I have read and seen pictures of  38  happens to animals that are raised for their meat．It makes me so  39   ． Baby cows and chickens live their   40    lives in places that are too small for them．They have no  41    to move about．This is so  42   ．They suffer and do not get to

43   their lives．

       I don't like other animals that also only live to be  44  by people while they are alive and the  45   they are killed．I feel sorry for them．

       The best thing  46   being a vegetarian is all the tasty and healthy foods I eat．Vegetables and fruits are healthy for your body．47  , 1 think they taste better than meat．Oranges have vitamin C．I love the   48  of watermelon, peaches, and strawberries．Green vegetables  49  me feel strong．I enjoy drinking lots of soymilk to  50  my bones calcium（钙）．

      I have a life threatening allergy（过敏）to nuts, seeds, and peanuts,  51   I eat soy butter to get my protein!

       I  52  in being kind and loving to people and animals, being good to the earth, and  53   life, including animals!

       54    is known to all, animals are our friends．We should live in  55   with the animals．If we destroyed the animals, we would destroy ourselves．

A．too        B．also      C．either          D．instead

A．because       B．unless          C．whether   D．while

A．that          B．which      C．what            D．how

A．excited    B．sad         C．glad     D．happy

A．short          B．long            C．colorful  D．useful

A．time         B．room           C．need        D．problem

A．cruel         B．interesting     C．necessary       D．probable

A．like          B．hate     C．enjoy     D．love

A．played       B．eaten          C．looked   D．fed

A．style         B．road           C．way     D．type

A．in     B．at              C．to              D．about

A．Besides     B．However       C．Otherwise      D．Therefore

A．smell          B．color        C．size            D．taste

A．force          B．make        C．cause            D．get

A．leave          B．take           C．bring    D．give

A．so     B．but          C．yet      D．or

A．believe     B．think        C．consider        D．imagine

A．inspecting   B．respecting       C．expecting       D．inspiring

A．It             B．What    C．As             D．Which

A．harmony     B．memory        C．terms    D．search

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
　　I am a man who has been egoistic(以自我为中心的) and I have had a lack of respect for myself and others around me.I participated in various transformation workshops, 36 ,it made no differece.I remained 37 in my life.As a result,I became 38 from my family and reached rock 39 in my life.Having reached there,I resisted transforming myself.
　　After some time,I thought to myself: start believing in yourself and it will make a 40 in your life.I first started loing 41 and then all those around me.I started respecting myself and then others around me.My 42 increased.
　　Sangeeta is my workmate.She's transparent, 43 and respectful.She's very 44 and has a large family to support.In addition,her husband doesn't hold a regular job.In short,she's struggling in life.
　　On a cold winter morning,when she came to work,I found her 45 .I asked whether she had a pullover(毛线套衫). She didn't reply.I had my 46 .The next day when she came to work again,I gave her the money to buy a 47 for herself.The expression of 48 in her eyes was something that would remain with me for a long time.
　　A few weeks ago,she was 49 and didn't come to work.Instead,she sent her friend to do her work.The moment I 50 Sangeeta was sick,I gave 51 the money to buy medicines for her treatment. I took Sangeeta some time to recover 52 her illness.The first thing I 53 was whether she needed any more help of any kind. And she said,"Sir, you've done enough for me.I'm grateful to you."
　　That was the moment 54 I realized that I'm walking my path.Sometimes,I still fall down,but I get up and start walking again 55 I may have hurt myself in the process.
　　36.A.fortunately     B.however        C.gradually       D.obviously
　　37.A.stuck          B.engaged        C.caught         D.made
　　38.A.independent     B.separated       C.prevented      D.locked
　　39.A.top            B.turning         C.bottom        D.exit
　　40.A.progress        B.deal           C.decision        D.difference
　　41.A.others          B.life            C.myself         D.friends
　　42.A.self - worth      B.self - control    C.self - service     D.self - defense
　　43.A.imaginative      B.fascinating     C.honest          D.good - looking
　　44.A.poor            B.healthy        C.patient          D.disappointed
　　45.A.exciting         B.singing        C.confusing        D.shaking
　　46.A.idea            B.promise        C.performance     D.answer
　　47.A.bike            B.pullover        C.ticket          D.drink
　　48.A.thankfulness    B.guilty          C.pity            D.shock
　　49.A.away           B.ill             C.late            D.missing
　　50.A.puzzled         B.considered      C.realized        D.admitted
　　51.A.her husband     B.her family       C.Sangeeta       D.her friend
　　52.A.from           B.of              C.off           D.for
　　53.A.looked into      B.took down       C.cared about    D.called on
　　54.A.that            B.which           C.how          D.when
　　55.A.as if           B.even though      C.so that        D.if only

   CHICAGO ---Call it a reward, or just “bribery(贿赂)”.

   Whichever it is, many parents today readily admit to buying off their children, who get goodies(好东西) for anything from behaving in a restaurant to sleeping all night in their own beds.

   That’s what worries parenting experts.

   “I think that reward systems have a time and a place and work really well in certain situations,” says Marcy Safyer, director of the Adelphi University Institute for Parenting.

   “But what often gets lost for people is being able to figure out how to communicate to their kids that doing the thing is rewarding enough,” Safyer says.

   Parents and experts alike agree that the dynamic(动力) is partly a reflection of the world we live in. It’s unrealistic to think a parent wouldn’t reward their children with material things sometimes, says Robin Lanzi, a clinical psychologist and mother of four who’s the research director at the Center on Health and Education at Georgetown University.

   “But you want to make sure that they match the behavior, so it’s not something huge for something small,” Lanzi says.

   She recalls hearing about a father who offered his child a Nintendo Wii game system for scoring a couple goals in a soccer game.

   Elizabeth Powell, a mother of two young daughters in Austin, Texas, knows what she means.

   “You want to raise them in a way that they’re respectful and appreciate things,” Powell says of her children. “But sometimes, you wonder now if kids appreciate even a new pair of shoes. ”

Parenting experts are worried that ____ .

       A. today’s children are fed up with material things

      B. parents are rewarding their kids improperly

      C. today’s children are more and more demanding(苛求的)

      D. there is lack of communication between parents and children

What Safyer says suggests that ____ .

      A. reward systems are quite limited in developing abilities

      B. reward systems work well regardless of（不管） time and place

      C. reward systems are still not made full use of to develop abilities

      D. reward systems are often used at the wrong time and place

What can we learn from what Robin Lanzi says?

      A. She holds a different opinion from other parenting experts.

      B. She thinks children can’t behave well without being rewarded.

      C. She holds a similar belief to Safyer and gives further explanation.

      D. She doesn’t believe in rewarding children for good behavior.

The father who offered his child a Nintendo Wii game system can be regarded as

   _____.

       A. over-rewarding his child       

       B. giving his child proper reward

       C. respecting and appreciating his child 

       D. giving something small for something huge

Kids will often ignore your requests for them to shut off the TV, start their chores (杂事), or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions. Before you know it, you’ve started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments, clean their room, or take out the trash. Rather than saying, “Do your chores now,” you’ll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed. So instead of arguing about starting chores, just say, “If chores aren’t done by 4 p. m., here are the consequences.” Then it’s up to your child to complete the chores. Put the ball back in their court. Don’t argue or fight with them, just say, “That’s the way it’s going to be.” It shouldn’t be punitive (惩罚性的) as much as it should be persuasive. “If your chores aren’t done by 4 p. m., then no video game time until chores are done. And if finishing those chores runs into homework time, that’s going to be your loss.” On the other hand, when dealing with homework, keep it very simple. Have a time when homework starts, and at that time, all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done. If your child says they have no homework, then they should use that time to study or read. Either way, there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.
When a kid wears his iPod or headphones when you’re trying to talk to him, make no bones about it；he is not ignoring you, he is disrespecting you. At that point, everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears. Don’t try to communicate with him when he’s wearing headphones—even if he tells you he can hear you. Wearing them while you’re talking to him is a sign of disrespect. Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing. Remember, mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.
【小题1】According to the passage, it seldom happens that________.