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In 1837, at the age of seventeen, Florence Nightingale decided to become a nurse, which horrified her whimsical（多奇想的）mother. In those days nurses were little more than door-keepers, and hospitals were pits of squalor（污秽）and neglect. Nightingale pressed on, and in 1853 she became superintendent（院长）of a small London hospital. She went on to the Crimea when war broke out there between Britain and Russia. She established the first of what we know as war hospitals: sanitary（卫生）, safe and stocked with supplies. Her tireless ministrations（照顾，照料）to the wounded soldiers made her famous all over the world.
Following the war Nightingale avoided fame and continued to train nurses, ever battling against what she herself declared“a commonly received idea... that it requires nothing but a disappointment in love or incapacity in other things, to turn a woman into a good nurse.”ince 1921 her birthday--May 12--has been the centerpiece of National Hospital Week, observed in British and American hospitals with special exhibitions, workshops and publicity drives.
(1)Florence Nightingale was born on ______.
[ ]
(2)The underlined word“it”efers to ______.
[ ]
A．turning a woman into a doctor
B．turning a woman into a good nurse
C．avoiding fame
D．continuing to train nurses
(3)The word“observed”n the second paragraph means ______.
[ ]
(4)Why did Florence Nightingale become well-known all over the world?
[ ]
A．She was one of the best nurses then.
B．Her skills of operations were the most wonderful and successful.
C．She always looked after the wounded soul and heart.
D．She was superintendent of London Hospital.
(5)Why did Florence Nightingale want to become a nurse?
[ ]
A．The author did not give the reason.
B．Florence Nightingale would like to become famous by attending the wounded of battles.
C．She wanted to take good care of the sick.
D．She was not able to do anything but become a nurse.
查看习题详情和答案>>Trains were used for long distance transportation.
Today the car is the most 1 sort of transportation in all of the 2 .It has completely taken the place of the horse as a 3 of everyday transportation. The Americans use their cars for nearly 90 4 all their 5 .Most Americans are 6 to buy cars. The average(平均) 7 of a car was 2050 in 1950,2740 in 1960 and up to 4750 in 1975. During this period, American carmakers 8 improving their products. As a 9 ,the income of the average family 10 from 1950 to 1970 11 than the price of cars. 12 ,buying a new car takes a smaller part of a family’s 13 income today. In 1951, it 14 8.1 months of an average family’s income to buy a new car. In 1962,a new car 15 6.43 months of a family’s income. By 1975,it 16 took 4.75 months’ income. 17 ,the 1975 cars were technically 18 than those of the previous(先前的) 19 .
That’s why cars are so 20 in the USA.
1.A.useful B.valuable C.cheap D.popular
2.A.United States B.world C.year D.continent
3.A.development B.journey C.sign D.means
4.A.percent B.years C.miles D.dollars
5.A.trips B.lives C.buissness D.time
6.A.permitted B.encouraged C.anxious D.able
7.A.value B.cost C.price D.money
8.A.suggested B.enjoyed C.made up D.started
9.A.tool B.result C.drive D.producer
10.A.reduced B.increased &n bsp; C.received D.needed
11.A.more slowly B.smaller C.faster D.less
12.A.However B.For example C.Instead D.For this reason
13.A.low B.high C.monthly D.total
14.A.needs B.took C.spent D.saved
15.A.spent B.paid C.cost D.took
16.A.might B.really C.only D.would
17.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.But D.Finally
18.A.improved B.better C.lighter D.smaller
19.A.months B.years C.cars D.families
20.A.popular B.expensive C.cheap D.good
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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
(注意：每空格1个单词)
WASHINGTON－According to statistics compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 72 officers were killed by criminals in 2011, increased markedly in recently years．
The 2011 deaths were the first time that more officers were killed by suspects than car accidents．The number was the highest in nearly two decades, excluding those who died in the Sept．11 attacks in 2001 and the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995．
While the F．B．I．and other law enforcement(执行)officials cannot fully explain the reasons for the rise in officer homicides, they are clear about the terrible consequences．
“In this law enforcement job, when you pin this badge on and go out on calls, when you leave home, you can't guarantee that you will come back,” said Sheriff Ray Foster of Buchanan County, Va．
After a series of killings in early 2011, Attorney General Eric H．Holder Jr．asked federal authorities to work with local police departments to try to come up with solutions to the problem．
The F．B．I．, which has tracked officer deaths since 1937, paid for a study conducted by John Jay College that found that in many cases the officers were trying to arrest or stop a suspect who had previously been arrested for a violent crime．
That prompted the F．B．I．to change what information it will provide to local police departments, the officials said．Starting this year, when police officers stop a car and call its license plate into the F．B．I．'s database, they will be told whether the owner of the vehicle has a violent history．Through the first three months of this year, the number of police fatalities has dropped, though it is unclear why．
Some law enforcement officials believe that techniques pioneered by the New York Police Department over the past two decades and adopted by other departments may have put officers at greater risk by encouraging them to conduct more street stops and to seek out and confront(对抗)suspects who seem likely to be armed．In New York and elsewhere, police officials moved more officers into crime-ridden areas．
Some argue that the rise in violence is linked to the tough economy．With less money, police departments, after years of staffing increases, have been forced to make cutbacks(削减)．
The police chief in Camden, N．J．, J．Scott Thomson, whose force of 400 was cut by nearly half last year because of financing issues, said that having fewer officers on the street “makes it that much more difficult to create an environment in which criminals do not feel as encouraged to attack another person, let alone a law enforcement officer．”
“Every stop can be potentially fatal, so we are trying to make sure the officers are ready and prepared to face deadly force every single day they go out．” Ms．Klimt said．
完形填空
阅读下面短文后所给各题的四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
September 4 was my first day at Phillips Academy, my new school. It was also my 18th birthday.
I received a warm 1 from my host family--the Steins. Gena was my host mum, and her daughter Lily would also be a new 2 at Phillips. They took me to the school and 3 me around the campus.
On our way to my dorm (学生宿舍), we saw a huge truck delivering a student's 4 to her room. Many students at the school were very rich, and they would fill their dorms with decorations (装饰物). But I was 5 not to because I thought it was a 6 of time and money.
I had a single room, which was about the 7 of a Chinese college dorm--the ones which normally hold six people.
8 she helped carry my bags, Lily asked me,“What's your favourite 9 , Teresa?”
I thought for a moment before answering,“Orange.”
I didn't know why she had asked the question.
We 10 an introduction meeting after dinner. 11 of the students were native English speakers, so I felt a little 12 .
I returned to my room after the 13 , tired and wanting to go to bed after a(n) 14 day.
When I opened my door, I found a big 15 . The bed was perfectly made with blankets and an orange sunflower pillow. On the 16 was a sunflower-pattern mat (垫子) while a colorful lamp 17 beside the bed.
I opened my mouth, 18 . How beautiful!
There was also a 19 card. I touched the little pillow on the bed as I read the card. A warm current (暖流) rushed through my 20 .
1．
[ ]
A．heart B．card
C．service D．welcome
2．
[ ]
A．student B．teacher
C．citizen D．visitor
3．
[ ]
A．walked B．introduced
C．showed D．invited
4．
[ ]
A．belongings B．newspaper
C．letters D．furniture
5．
[ ]
A．warned B．forced
C．determined D．supposed
6．
[ ]
A．matter B．waste
C．show D．use
7．
[ ]
A．design B．size
C．pattern D．example
8．
[ ]
A．As B．Though
C．Because D．While
9．
[ ]
A．fruit B．weather
C．food D．colour
10．
[ ]
A．organized B．planned
C．attended D．opened
11．
[ ]
A．All B．Most
C．Some D．Few
12．
[ ]
A．pleased B．nervous
C．angry D．afraid
13．
[ ]
A．dinner B．class
C．meeting D．teaching
14．
[ ]
A．exciting B．ordinary
C．tiring D．interesting
15．
[ ]
A．secret B．joke
C．warmth D．surprise
16．
[ ]
A．wall B．desk
C．floor D．ground
17．
[ ]
A．stood B．lay
C．appeared D．hung
18．
[ ]
A．frightened B．moved
C．satisfied D．understood
19．
[ ]
A．post B．birthday
C．greeting D．festival
20．
[ ]
A．mind B．head
C．face D．body
查看习题详情和答案>>As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I’ve been 16 only once — for a woman who had merely fainted. But the 17 made me quite curious about how 18 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 19 with a real midair medical emergency — without access 20 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 21 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 22 a study about in-flight medical events, I read it 23 interest.
The study estimated that there are a(n) 24 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 25 ; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 26 13% of them — roughly four a day — are serious enough to 27 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 28 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.
Let’s face it: plane rides are 29 . For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly 30 they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 31 , but passengers with heart disease 32 experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 33 common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis — the so-called economy class syndrome (综合症). 34 happens, don’t panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation (立法), flights with at 35 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.
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