The majority of scientists object to cloning extinct animals.——青夏教育精英家教网—

摘要： The majority of scientists object to cloning extinct animals.

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Cities need to put efforts to deal with pollution and clear the air.

　 Chinese cities will need to put efforts to clear up the sky when a new department to improve regional air quality is set up by 2015, according to the latest plan released by the State Council．

　 Besides the existing pollution control program for S02, regional emission caps （区域排放上限）for other certain chemicals will be established in the three key air polluting areas— the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region．Coal-consumption caps will also be tried out in some areas, according to the plan.

　 The plan is aimed at dealing with regional air pollution—such as acid rain and smog—which have become increasingly obvious in China in recent years and caused a severe threat to people's health, Zhang Lijun, vice-minister of environmental protection, said in an interview on Monday.

　 The air quality in a city affects the regions nearby because pollutants can travel through the atmosphere, said Chai Fahe, vice-director of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences．

　 “So efforts to reduce air pollution in a single city, targeting a certain pollutant will not be enough," Chai said．

　 Zhang said the country's major industrial districts—the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region—have recorded more than 100 misty days annually in recent years．

　 These three regions, home to at least 200 million people, occupy only 6.3 percent of the country's area but consume 40 percent of the country's coal and produce half of its steel, according to official figures.

　 Studies also show that the visibility （能见度） in eastern regions of China has dropped by 7 to 15 km compared to that in the early 1960s, as a result of air pollution.

　 Liaoning province, the Shandong Peninsula, Wuhan in Hubei province and its surrounding area, the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region in Hunan province, the Chengdu-Chongqing region, and the western coast of the Taiwan Straits are also listed as areas to carry out such regional air pollution control programs, according to the plan．

　 The new plan also requires an improved air quality system, which will measure the pollution levels．"The current system, which only measures some major pollutants, cannot reflect the true picture." said Chai．

1. It will not be enough to reduce air pollution in a single city because _______.

　 A. air pollution has been becoming more and more serious in recent years

　 B. air pollution like acid rain and smog is threatening people's health

　 C. air pollutants in a city can travel in the sky and affect nearby areas

　 D. air pollutants stay in fixed places over the cities

2. Suppose the visibility in eastern regions of China was 130 km in the early 1960s, the visibility there nowadays is _______.

　 A. 115 to 123 km　　　　　　 B. 137 to 145 km

C. 123 to 145 km　　　　　　 D. 115 to 137 km

3. What does the underlined phrase "the true picture" in the last paragraph mean?

　 A. The major pollutants．　　 B. The key polluted areas．

　 C. The major polluted cities．　　　　　　　 D. The pollution levels．

4. The main purpose of the passage is _______.

　 A．to inform readers of the damage caused by air pollution

　 B．to introduce the new plan to control air pollution

　 C．to provide official figures of air pollution levels

　 D．to point out the regions affected by air pollution

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Today, we complete our story about the influential English writer William Shakespeare. He wrote plays and poems during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, which remain very popular today.

During earlier times, people would probably have learned several ancient Roman and Greek plays. It was not unusual for writers to produce more current versions of these works. For example, in Shakespeare's play "The Comedy of Errors" Shakespeare borrowed certain details from the ancient Roman writer Plautus. For his play "Macbeth", Shakespeare most likely used a work on Scottish history by Raphael Holinshed for information. Shakespeare might have borrowed from other writers, but the intensity（强度）of his imagination and language made the plays his own. While many plays by other writers of his time have been forgotten, Shakespeare and his art live on.

Shakespeare was also influenced by the world around him. He described the sights and sounds of London in his plays. His works include observations about political struggles, the fear of diseases, and the popular language of the city’s tradesmen. Shakespeare's knowledge of the English countryside is also clear. His works include descriptions of deep forests, local flowers, and the ancient popular traditions of rural people.

It would be impossible to list all of the ways in which Shakespeare’s works have influenced the world culture. But the first and greatest example would be his great influence on the English language. During his time, the English language was changing. Many new words from other languages were being added. Shakespeare used his sharp mind and poetic inventiveness to create hundreds of new words and rework old ones. For example, he created the noun forms of "critic", "mountaineer” and "eyeball". Many common expressions in English come from his plays, including "pomp and circumstance（装腔作势）"from "Othello", "full circle（绕圈子地）" from "King Lear", etc. The list of cultural creations influenced by Shakespeare is almost endless. From paintings to television to music and dance, Shakespeare was well represented. Shakespeare's plays have been translated into every major language in the world.

Shakespeare became a wellknown writer during a golden age of theater. His years of hard work paid off.

1.What can we infer from the passage？

A.Many of Shakespeare's works were influenced by earlier writings.

B.Shakespeare was hardworking when he was a student.

C.The experience of living in London helped a lot with Shakespeare's works.

D.Shakespeare became rich later because of the popularity of his works.

2.Shakespeare might have learnt some information from ancient Roman works in　　　　.

A."King Lear" B."The Comedy of Errors" C. "Macbeth" D."Othello"

3.Why could Shakespeare's works survive his time？

A.Because there were so few people writing plays in his time.

B.Because he produced too many works that nobody else could do.

C.Because he was a rich and influential person of his time.

D.Because his works were rich in imagination and language.

4.Shakespeare's greatest influence should be on　　　　.

A.the English language B.paintings C.television D.music and dance

5.The passage is mainly about 　　　　.

A.an introduction to Shakespeare’s life and his works

B.the main features and styles of Shakespeare's plays

C.how culture influenced Shakespeare and he influenced culture.

D.Shakespeare’s greatest influence on the world culture.

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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。

　　Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life．To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?

　　In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes．While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned．

　　Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life．They say that it is a jungle out there．To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy．Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas．In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues．We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct．It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences．

　　In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary．In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then．But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts．

　　Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either．Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite．But I personally think that people should not be too selfish．Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship．

　　In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure．However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others．

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The British isles is made up of two large islands: One is called Ireland and the other __1__. Britain, or Great Britain, is the larger of these two islands, and it is __2__ into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England.

The United Kingdom is that __3__ of the British isles ruled over by the Queen. It is made up of Scotland, Wales and England, that is, the __4__ of Britain, and also about one sixth of Ireland, the Northern part. The __5__ of Ireland is self governing(治理). The __6__ name of the United Kingdom is __7__ “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”．

__8__ is larger and richer than Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and has the most __9__ of the United Kingdom, so people often use the __10__ “England” and “English” when they __11__ “Britain” and “British”. This sometimes makes the Scots and the Welsh a little __12__. The Scots in particular are very __13__ of their separate nationality(民族). The Welsh too do not regard __14__ as English, and have a culture and even a __15__ of their own.

Ireland became part of the United Kingdom in 1801, but for forty years the “Irish __16__ ” was the greatest headache of the United Kingdom. __17__， Ireland is divided into two: Northern Ireland still __18__ to the United Kingdom, and in 1922 the rest of Ireland __19__ to found an Irish Free State, later called Eire and now the Republic of Ireland.

The Republic of Ireland does not regard itself as part of Britain, and is not now even a supporter of the Commonwealth of Nations(英联邦). Unlike the major Commonwealth countries it did not lift a finger to __20__ British in the Second World War and now wants the whole of Ireland to be a republic.

1. A. Wales　　B. Britain　　C. England　　D. Scotland

2. A. divided B. cut C. broken D. separated

3. A. piece B. island C. country D. part

4. A. south B. north C. part D. whole

5. A. smaller B. larger C. rest D. island

6. A. correct B. true C. full D. complete

7. A. also B. therefore C. likely D. perhaps

8. A. The UK B. The British isles

C. Great Britain D. England

9. A. colleges B. officials C. cities D. population

10. A. words B. names

C. spellings D. pronunciations

11. A. call B. forget C. speak D. write

12. A. angry B. difficult C. tired D. lonely

13. A. proud B. fond C. full D. kind

14. A. it B. Wales C. them D. themselves

15. A. capital B. language C. history D. programmes

16. A. Country B. Question C. Disease D. Republic

17. A. At last B. So C. Meanwhile D. Also

18. A. returns B. belongs C. gets D. speaks

19. A. hoped B. refused C. broke away D. used

20. A. feel B. touch C. fight D. help

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阅读理解

　　The trend towards globalization began in earnest in the early 1970s when the system of fixed exchange rates, set up after World War Ⅱ, was dismantled, This meant that the value of currencies would now be determined by the markets instead of individual governments. Over the next two decades, countries slowly began to remove their exchange controls. By 1990, nearly all world’s major economies had got rid of restrictions on how much money could be moved in and out of their countries.

　　Other factors contributing to the rise of globalization are new communications technologies, and better transportation systems. These have enabled companies to grow into multinationals (跨国公司) producing goods on one side of the planet and selling them on the other. Lower costs have also helped the price of telephone calls, for instance, is cheaper now than at any time in history.

　　But adjusting to this new“economic order”is proving difficult. In the developed world, and in particular the European Union, globalization is facing widespread public resistance. Critics complain that, without the protection of trade barriers, jobs are being lost to workers in poorer countries, and wages for employees in rich countries are falling. Opponents in the European Union point to the effects that globalization has had in the US and Britain. In those countries, wages are stagnant (停滞不前) except for a privileged few and taxes and welfare benefits have been reduced to help companies compete with industries in the developing world.

　　Opponents of globalization also point to its effects on workers in poorer countries. They agree that multinationals may be helping to reduce unemployment in the developing world but they argue that the jobs are hardly worth having since they are low-paid and exploitative. Those in favor of globalization accuse their critics of being short-sighted protectionists. They claim a more intergrated global economy will ultimate benefit everyone because it will enable countries to specialize in those areas where they perform best.

1．What does the passage mainly talk about?

[　　]

A．The system of fixed exchanged rates.

B．Globalization.

C．The European Union.

D．Computer.

2．According to the passage, what enabled many companies to grow into multinationals?

[　　]

A．Globalization.

B．Better transportation systems.

C．New communications technologies.

D．Both B and C.