题目内容
阅读理解
The trend towards globalization began in earnest in the early 1970s when the system of fixed exchange rates, set up after World War Ⅱ, was dismantled, This meant that the value of currencies would now be determined by the markets instead of individual governments. Over the next two decades, countries slowly began to remove their exchange controls. By 1990, nearly all world’s major economies had got rid of restrictions on how much money could be moved in and out of their countries.
Other factors contributing to the rise of globalization are new communications technologies, and better transportation systems. These have enabled companies to grow into multinationals (跨国公司) producing goods on one side of the planet and selling them on the other. Lower costs have also helped the price of telephone calls, for instance, is cheaper now than at any time in history.
But adjusting to this new“economic order”is proving difficult. In the developed world, and in particular the European Union, globalization is facing widespread public resistance. Critics complain that, without the protection of trade barriers, jobs are being lost to workers in poorer countries, and wages for employees in rich countries are falling. Opponents in the European Union point to the effects that globalization has had in the US and Britain. In those countries, wages are stagnant (停滞不前) except for a privileged few and taxes and welfare benefits have been reduced to help companies compete with industries in the developing world.
Opponents of globalization also point to its effects on workers in poorer countries. They agree that multinationals may be helping to reduce unemployment in the developing world but they argue that the jobs are hardly worth having since they are low-paid and exploitative. Those in favor of globalization accuse their critics of being short-sighted protectionists. They claim a more intergrated global economy will ultimate benefit everyone because it will enable countries to specialize in those areas where they perform best.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about?
[ ]
A．The system of fixed exchanged rates.
B．Globalization.
C．The European Union.
D．Computer.
2．According to the passage, what enabled many companies to grow into multinationals?
[ ]
A．Globalization.
B．Better transportation systems.
C．New communications technologies.
D．Both B and C.
3．What does the new“economic order”in paragraph 3 refer to?
[ ]
A．Producing goods on one side of the earth and selling them on the other.
B．Earning less money in the developed countries.
C．Unemployment in the developing countries.
D．Globalization.
4．In which of the following countries is globalization facing widespread public resistance?
[ ]
5．Why are some people in the developed countries against globalization?
[ ]
A．The workers in their countries lose their jobs and their wages are lower.
B．They don’t like the people form the developing countries.
C．This makes their countries poorer.
D．The society is not safe.
解析：
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