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“To be or not to be.” Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be, to live or not to live, to live richly and abundantly, or to live dully and meanly. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: “I think, therefore I am.”
But the best definition of existence I ever saw was one written by another philosopher who said: “To be is to be in relations.” If this is true, then the more relations a living thing has, the more it is alive. To live abundantly means simply to increase the range and intensity(强烈) of our relations. Unfortunately we are so constituted that we get to love our routine. But other than our regular occupation, how much are we alive? If you are interested only in your regular occupation, you are alive only to that extent. So far as other things are concerned --- poetry and prose(散文), music, pictures, sports, unselfish friendships, politics, international affairs ---you are dead.
On the contrary, it is true that every time you acquire a new interest --- even more, a new accomplishment(成就) --- you increase your power of life. No one who is deeply interested in different kinds of subjects can remain unhappy. The real pessimist is the person who has lost interest.
Bacon said that a man dies as often as he loses a friend. But we gain new life by contacts with new friends, and new ideas and thoughts, too. Where your thoughts are, there will be your life too. If your thoughts are limited only to your business, only to your physical welfare, only to your narrow circle of the town in which you live, then you live a narrow restricted(有限的, 受约束的) life. But if you are interested in what is going on in China, then you are living in China. If you’re interested in the characters of a good novel, then you are living with those highly interesting people. If you listen intently to fine music, you are away from your immediate surroundings and living in a world of passion and imagination.
To be or not to be --- to live intensely and richly, or merely to exist, which depends on ourselves. Let us widen and intensify our relations. While we live, let us live!
1.What does the author mainly want to do by this passage?
A．Argue against an idea.
B．Explain some famous sayings.
C．Introduce some famous sayings.
D．Put forward an idea.
2.What does the underlined word most probably mean?
A．Somebody who always lives in a world of passion and imagination.
B．Somebody who is always interested in making new friends.
C．Somebody who always expects the worst to happen.
D．Somebody who likes to live a rich and abundant life.
3.Which of the following behavior is probably NOT encouraged by the author?
A．Thinking more than your own business.
B．Caring only about your physical welfare.
C．Reading good novels.
D．Listening to fine music.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A．To be is to be in relations.
B．I think, therefore I am.
C．To be or not to be, that is a question.
D．A man dies as often as he loses a friend.
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Once upon a time, there were two very good friends who lived together in the shade of a rock. Strange as it may seem, one was a and one was a tiger. They had met when they were too to know the difference between lions and tigers. So they did not think their was at all unusual. Besides, it was a peaceful part of the mountains, possibly the influence of a gentle forest monk who lived nearby. He was a hermit, one who far away from other people.
For some unknown reason, one day the two friends got into a silly . The tiger said, “Everyone knows the cold when the moon wanes from full to new! ” The lion said, “Where did you hear such nonsense? Everyone knows the comes when the moon waxes from to full! ”
The argument got stronger and stronger. Neither could the other. They could not any conclusion to resolve the growing dispute. They started calling each other names! Fearing for their friendship, they decided to go to ask the learned forest , who would surely know about such things.
Visiting the hermit, the lion and tiger bowed respectfully and put their question to him. The friendly monk thought for a while and then gave his . “It can be cold in any phase of the , from new to full and back to new again. It is the wind that brings the cold, from west or north or east. Therefore, in a way, you are both right! And neither of you is by the other. The most important thing is to live without conflict, to remain . Unity is best by all means. ”
The lion and tiger thanked the wise hermit. They were happy to be friends.
1.A. fox B. hen C. donkey D. lion
2.A. weak B. unforgettable C. young D. poor
3.A. friendship B. difference C. relationship D. connection
4.A. in turn B. due to C. according to D. as to
5.A. lived B. survived C. walked D. moved
6.A. argument B. decision C. activity D. conference
7.A. happens B. bears C. comes D. seems
8.A. clean B. cold C. cool D. good
9.A. wonderful B. fresh C. delicious D. new
10.A. solve B. compete C. convince D. remind
11.A. arrive B. reach C. cause D. paint
12.A. far B. ever C. yet D. even
13.A. monk B. teacher C. mother D. parent
14.A. kind B. different C. peaceful D. rich
15.A. answer B. speech C. comment D. remark
16.A. sun B. weather C. moon D. day
17.A. whether B. until C. if D. when
18.A. rewarded B. won C. defeated D. awarded
19.A. moved B. united C. interested D. amused
20.A. too B. quite C. also D. still
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Directions：Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．
Teens between the ages of 13 and 19 years old are at the most difficult stage because parents tend to treat them as adults．However, teens are not keen(热切的)to get their homework done, or typically do what they should be doing．While your teens may lack the motivation to help you make a salad for dinner, they don’t lack the motivation to go to the movies, shop with their friends or talk on the phone．
Failure is generally an excellent motivator．Teens are often not allowed to make their own mistakes．They are told what they should do and how they should feel, so they don’t get to explore their own importance．It seems strange that failure should be considered to be a motivator, but it really works because it ties in with responsibility．When teens are allowed to fail and the parents explore the reasons for the failure with input from the children rather than telling them why they failed-teens learn from their mistakes．If they wish for a different outcome in the future, this is how they learn to achieve another outcome, or they will keep making the same stupid mistakes．
Participation is great for motivation – if teens are included in the drawing up of a plan; whether this is for getting their own homework done or managing their time, they will be more motivated to follow the plan．
Teens are not irresponsible because they forget to take out the garbage．
Remind teens with a sense of humor－it is not a life and death situation if taking out the garbage is forgotten; treat it lightly but firmly for a better response．If teens have agreed to a plan, they do need to be responsible, but reminding them to do something does not have to be unkind．A parent can tell a child “I love you” and say no at the same time．
Did you ever look up at the moon and think you saw a man’s face there? When the moon is round and full, the shadows(影子) of the moon mountains and the lines of the moon valleys sometimes seem to show a giant nose and mouth and eyes. At least, some people think so.
If there were a man on the moon—instead of mountains and valleys that just look like the face of a man—what would he be like?
He would not be like anyone you know. He would not be like anyone anybody knows.
If the man on the moon were bothered by too much heat or cold the way Earth people are, he could not stay on the moon.
The moon becomes very, very hot. It becomes as hot as boiling water. And the moon becomes very, very cold. It becomes colder than ice.
Whatever part of the moon the sun shines on is hot and bright. The rest of the moon is cold and dark.
If the man on the moon had to breathe to stay alive, he couldn’t live on the moon because there’s no air there. He’d have to carry an oxygen tank, as astronauts do. There’s no food on the moon, either. Nothing grows—not even weeds（grass）.
If the man on the moon liked to climb mountains, he would be very happy. There are many high places there, such as the raised land around the holes, or craters(火山口), of the moon. Some of these rims are as tall as Earth’s highest mountains.
But if the man on the moon liked to swim, he would be unhappy. There is no water on the moon—just dust and rock.
When you think of what it’s like on the moon, you may wonder why it interests our scientists. One reason is that the moon is Earth’s nearest neighbor—it is the easiest place in space to get to.
Going back and forth between the moon and Earth, astronauts will get a lot of practice in space travel. Things learned on moon trips will be of great help to astronauts who later take long, long trips to some of the planets.
Scientists are also interested in the moon because it has no air. The air that surrounds Earth cuts down the view of the scientists who look at the stars through telescopes. A telescope on the moon would give them a clearer, closer view of the stars.（words: 411）
1.What is the reason why our scientists are interested in the moon.?
A．The moon is beautiful.
B．The moon is different from the earth.
C．The moon is Earth’s nearest neighbor—it is the easiest place in space to get to.
D．The moon is the easiest place in space to get to and it has no air, unlike Earth.
2.The underlined word “rim” in the Paragraph 8 means _________ .
A．ball B．hill C．round edge D．height
3.What is the main thought of the passage?
A．We can learn much from research on the Moon.
B．There may be human beings on the moon.
C．If there were a man on the Moon, there would be many similarities between the man on the Moon and on the Earth.
D．A telescope on the Moon would help scientists have a clearer, closer sight of the stars.
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阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
【小题1】What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
【小题3】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________
【小题4】What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________
【小题5】What does the word “they” (Line2, paragraph3)probably refer to? (no more than 8 words)
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