第一节：单词拼写. (根据句意在答题卷写出下列单词的正确形式,答案写在答题卡上，共10分)
【小题1】I shouldn’t have been so difficult at school, but it was probably because I l_____ confidence.
【小题2】At first, people a______ of his studies and urged him to continue.
【小题3】These men knew that knowledge and understanding are more v_______ to a man.
【小题4】This p______ sad event left a deep impression on Pliny who had lost an uncle in the erupion.
【小题5】The meaning of love was still not a_______ to Helen but she kept on trying to understand,
【小题6】One can only feel sorrow and deep _______(同情) for these once-living statues.
【小题7】I hate to think what will become of my ______(名声) as an excellent accountant.
【小题8】Pompeii is like a “ time capsule” ______(保存) a frozen moment in history.
【小题9】As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary  ______(扩大), she asked more and more questions.
【小题10】At that time, the church and many people ______（倾向于）to ignore the facts.

An amazing teacher
Years ago a John Hopkins professor gave a group of graduate students this task: Go to the slums（贫民窟）. Took 200 boys, between the ages of 12 and 16, and 31  their background and environment, then 32  their chances for the future.
The students, after consulting social statistics, talking to the boys, and collecting much data， concluded that 90 percent of the boys would 33  some time in prison.
Twenty-five years later 34  group of graduate students was given the job of 35  the prediction. They went back to the same area. Some of the boys---by then 36 ---were still there, a few had died, some had moved away, but they got in touch with 180 of the 37 200.They found that only four of the group had ever been sent to 38 .
Why was it that these men, who had lived in a breeding place of crime, had such a surprisingly good record? The researchers were 39  told,“Well, there was a teacher…”
They pressed（追问）further, and found that in 75 percent of the cases it was the same woman. The researchers went to this teacher, now living in a home for retired teachers. How had she had this brilliant 40  on that group of children? Could she give them any reason why these boys should have remembered her?
“No,” she said,“No，I really couldn’t.”And then， thinking back 41  the years, she said musingly（沉思地）,42  to herself than to her questioners,“Ｉloved those boys…”

Today's word, pan, takes us back to the days of the gold rush in California.

   On January 24th, 1848, a man named James Wilson Marshall discovered gold in California. The news spread quickly. Thousands rushed west. They traveled on foot, on horseback and by boat to reach the gold fields. By 1849, the great gold rush was on. Towns and cities grew overnight. Throughout California --- in the mountains, along the streams and rivers --- thousands of people searched for gold.

   Some found areas of mountain rock thick with gold. These men got rich. But such areas were few and quickly claimed by the first men to find them. Others searched for gold in the rivers coming down the mountains. They were after pieces of gold that the rains had washed down from above .

   The only way to find this gold was by panning. First a gold miner put dirt in a metal pan and added water. Then he shook the pan so that the water would wash the dirt. Slowly, he poured the water out of the pan. If he was a lucky miner, pieces of gold would remain.

Across the nation, newspapers carried stories of the gold being found. Each one hoped that the place he claimed panned out well --- had some gold.

   For many, gold mining did not pan out. For a few, it panned out well. But in time, huge machines were built that could wash many tons of dirt at a time. Panning died out.

   The word, however, remained in the language. Today, Americans still say, “ It panned out well ,” when something they have done pleases them. A business, a discovery, a simple event pans out well if it is successful. Unhappily, sometimes things do not pan out.

   In recent years, the word pan has taken on another meaning. Today, it also means to criticize. How it got this meaning is hard to discover. But the job of a critic is to sometimes pan the work of a writer, artist or singer.

1.Why did so many people flood to California in 1848?

A. Because towns and cities there developed quickly.

B. Because the mountains in California were a great place for travel.

C. Because they wanted to get rich by looking for gold.

D. Because the land of California was fertile at that time.

2.The underlined part “It panned out well" in Paragraph 7 has the same meaning as “______”

A. Everything turned out well     B. Nothing could be worse

C. It's not the case              D. It's a pity

3.What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To tell us some stories about the gold rush.

B. To introduce the word "pan" in American English.

C. To teach us how to look for gold in rivers.

D. To introduce the history of the gold rush in California

B
According to the report by Baekeland and Hartmann, two American authoritative psychotogical research centres, the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens．But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions, in their daily routines.
In general, these "short sleeps" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful,, conformist （循规蹈矩的） in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices．They often held several jobs at once, or workers full - or part - time while going to school．And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable" to their friends and associates．When asked to recall their dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly．More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering．In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy m the hope that the trouble would go away．The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic （疯人）.
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed．Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood．They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived （剥夺） of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest．They tended to recall their dreams much better than the "short sleepers．" did．Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted （内向）, inhibited （压抑） , passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves （particularly in social situations）．Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems．
50．According to the text, which is probably the writer' s real attitude towards these two living habits ____．
A．both of them are healthy habits  
B．not both of them are unhealthy habits
C．either of them is not unhealthy habits
D．neither of them is healthy habits
51．When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____．
A．feel extremely depressed        B．become energetic
C．appeared disturbed         D．feel disappointed
52．The writer implies （暗示） that short sleepers _____ in the text．
A．are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life
B．often neglect the consequences of inadequate（不足的）sleep
C．do not know how to relax properly
D．are more unlikely to run into mental problems

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context.

Being alone in outer space can be   36  . That is one reason why astronauts on solo(单独的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them   37  . They were also in constant communication with people on the earth.   38  , being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone. This is what happens on long submarine(潜水艇) voyages. It will also happen on  39  space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions?

Scientists have studied the reactions of men to one another during long submarine voyages. They have also found that the longer the voyage lasts, the more serious the problem of  40  is. When men are  41  together for a long period, they begin to feel   42   . Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very   43  .

Apparently, although no one wants to be  44  all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy. When people are enclosed together, they are in what is called stress situation. That means that they are under an unusual amount of  45  or stress.

People who are well-adjusted are able to   46  stress situations better than others. That is one reason why so much care is taken in   47  our astronauts. These men undergo a long period of testing and training. One of the things tested is their behavior under stress, and thus they can do better than ordinary people.

A. excited    B. frightening         C. confusing       D. brave

A. tired       B. asleep              C. conscious       D. busy

A. So far       B. After all           C. However         D. Therefore

A. long        B. fast              C. dangerous       D. direct

A. fuel        B. entertainment     C. adjustment      D. health

A. shut up      B. held up           C. brought up      D. picked up

A. uneasy     B. interested        C. comfortable      D. excited

A. pleasing     B. annoying         C. common       D. valuable

A. noisy         B. alone           C. personal     D. sociable

A. emphasis      B. conflict       C. power       D. pressure

A. handle       B. create           C. affect       D. investigate

    A. becoming      B. choosing            C. ordering    D. promoting