摘要:It was the third time I to that city. A.have been B .had been C.came D. Was .

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THREE READING COMPREHENSION

  A plane crash in Western Russian killed Polish President Lech Kaczynski and the other 96 political and military officials on board on April 10.The accident has led to huge national mourning in Poland.But it may provide an opportunity for reconciliation(和解)between Poland and Russia, countries that have a troubled relationship.

  Many from the political elite were lost in the crash.Beside the president, the dead include the army chief of Staff, the head of National Security Bureau, the national bank president, the deputy foreign minister and other members of parliament.

  The Polish delegation was heading to Russia to mark the 70 th anniversary of the Katyn Massacre(屠杀)when the accident occurred.In 1940, about 22,000 Polish soldiers, intellectuals, and officials captured after the Soviet Army invaded Poland in 1939, were killed secretly by Soviet police in the forest of Russia’s Katyn.

  The Katyn Massacre had been a sensitive topic between the countries.The former Soviet Union always denied responsibility for the massacre.It was not until 1992 that Russian released archived documents about the killing.

  Katyn is merely a short chapter in Poland and Russia’s long and troubled history.In the 18 th century, along with Prussia,(then an important part of Germany)and Austria.Russia participated in three carve-ups of Poland.In 1795, after the third carve-up, the country was erased from the map of Europe.It was in 1918 that Poland regained its independence.But in 1939, at the beginning of the World War II, it was invaded by Germany and the Soviet Union under a secret pact.After the war, Poland became a communist country with close ties to the Soviet Union.

  In 1989, Poland switched to capitalism and pursued a pro-West position.The most recent tension between the two countries was in 2008.That year, Poland decided to have a US missile shield(导弹防御系统)on its soil, while neighboring Russia threatened to aim missiles at Poland.

  But the plane crash has created a chance for reconciliation, with Russia sharing the sadness of Poland.Russia has declared April 12 a day of mourning for the victims.Flags flew at half-mast in Moscow.And earlier on April 7, Russia Prime Minister Vladimir Putin became the first Russian leader to mark the anniversary of the massacre.

  “I think it should improve relations between the two countries, as Russians feel our grief,”said Radek Sikorski, Pland’s foreign minister.

(1)

Put the following events in order of time.

①The Katyn Massacre

②Poland switched to capitalism.

③Russia divided Poland with Austria and Prussia.

④Poland became a communist country.

⑤Poland was invaded by the Soviet Army.

[  ]

A.

③①④⑤②

B.

③⑤①④②

C.

①③⑤④②

D.

①⑤②④③

(2)

After the accident, which of the following did Russia do to share the sadness of Poland?

[  ]

A.

Flags were lowed to half-mast in the capital city of Russia.

B.

Russia threatened to aim missiles at Poland.

C.

Russia declared the day when the accident happened a day of mourning for the victims.

D.

Vladimir Putin marked the anniversary of the massacre.

(3)

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

[  ]

A.

The Katyn Massacre was the very beginning of Poland and Russia’s trouble relationship.

B.

In 1939 about 22,000 Polish soldiers, intellectuals, and officials were killed by Soviet police in the forest of Russia’s Katyn.

C.

Altogether 96 political and military officials were killed in the accident.

D.

The relationship between Poland and Russia has not always been tense since the three carve-ups of Poland in the 18 th century.

(4)

It can be conclude from the article that ________.

[  ]

A.

the relationship between Poland and Russia will be even tenser than before

B.

Poland will cancel its plan to mark the anniversary of the Katyn Massacre

C.

no Russian leaders have marked the anniversary of the massacre before, though Russia released the truth in 1992.

D.

Poland will forgive Russians, for they showed great sympathy after the accident.

(5)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[  ]

A.

The troubled relationship between Russia and Poland.

B.

Poland and Russia united by tragedy.

C.

The 70 th anniversary of the Katyn Massacre.

D.

A plane crash killing Polish president.

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    Years ago, when I started looking for my first job, a wise man advised, "Barbara, be
enthusiastic! Enthusiasm will take you further than any amount of experience." How right
they were!
   "Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm." wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is
the paste that helps you hang on there when the going tough. It is the inner voice that
whispers, "I can do it!" when others shout, "No, you can't!" It took years and years for
the early work of Barara McClintock, a geneticist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine,
to be generally accepted. Yet she didn't stop working on her experiments. Work was such a
deep pleasure for her that she never thought of stopping.
   We are all born with wide-eyed, enthusiastic wonder and it is this childlike wonder
that gives enthusiastic people such youthful air, whatever their age was. At 90, cellist
Palblo Cassls would start his day by playing Bach. As the music flowed through his fingers
his stooped shoulders would strengthen and joy would reappear in his eyes. As author and
poet Samuei Ulman once wrote, "Years wrinkle (使起皱纹) the skin,but to give up enthusiasm
wrinkles the soul."
   Enthusiastic people also love what they do, regardless of money or power. Patricia
Mellrath, retired director of the Missouri Repertory Theatre in Kansas City, was once asked
where she got her enthusiasm. She replied, "My father, a lawyer long ago told me, I never
made a dime until I stopped working for money."
   If we cannot do what we love as a full-time career, we can as a hobby. Elizabeth Layton
was 68 before she began to draw. This activity ended periods of depression that had trouble
d her for at least 30 years,and the quality of her led one critic (批评家)to say, "I'd like
to call Layton a genius."
   We can't afford to waste tears on "might-have-been". We need to turn the tears into
sweat as we go after "what-can-be". We need to live each moment whole-heartedly, which all
our senses-including pleasure in the sweet smell of a back-yard garden, the simple picture
of a six-year-old, the beauty of a rainbow.

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     I used to be frustrated when I got "trapped" in the train station in New York. When this happened,
I spent time "observing" people and found that the New York City trains formed "an underground
"NYC".
     I met all kinds of people there. Sitting in the trains coming from suburban like Queens and Brooklyn,
I saw babysitters and house keepers, in white or pink uniforms, carrying a shopping bag with lunch and
another prettier bag for their makeup. Some gentlemen in suits get squeezed in between ladies, reading
the New York Times, holding Starbucks coffees and a piece of napkin.  
     The passengers' skin color would get lighter as the train went from suburban areas to uptown NYC.
Clothes brands changed from "Nike" and "Babyphat" to "Armani" and "Prada".  
    Getting lost is not embarrassing at all. Even New Yorkers who have lived in the city for 20 years need
to check out the map before going to a new place by train. People from other states are just as confused
as foreigners when they are "thrown" underground.  
     It was funny when people carrying big backpacks and holding maps, asked me where they could
transfer while I was trying to find an exit. "I'm sorry; I am trying to find my way out too." I felt really bad
about not helping them. To my surprise, the two guys with blue eyes didn't look disappointed at all. They
laughed and told me, "Oh, we are wondering if there's really an exit because we have been walking
around here for 10 minutes and we still don't know where to transfer to the uptown train!"  
     NYC trains are just like doors rotating (旋转) on and on. If I hadn't got lost several times, I might not
have had the chance to stop and see what was happening outside my block.

1. According to the article, what kind of people has the author seen in the subway?
a.babysitters and housekeepers in uniforms
b.people wearing "Armani" and "Prada"
c.gentlemen with newspapers and maps
d.foreign women carrying a shopping bag with lunch and their makeup
e.foreigners checking out the map before going to new place by train
A. abc  
B. bcd  
C. cde  
D. abe

2. What can we infer from the third paragraph?
A. People of lighter skin color are less likely to live in the uptown NYC.
B. People in the suburban areas never wear "Armani" and "Prada".
C. People of different backgrounds travel by subway in NYC.
D. People of a better financial status usually don't take the subway.

3. Which of the following statement is TRUE about the author according to the article?
A. She found observing people in NYC trains quite frustrating.
B. She came to be grateful for the time when she lost her way in the subway.
C. She realized that only foreigners like her got trapped in the subway.
D. She was embarrassed when she had to ask the way in the subway.

4. What is the best title of the article?
A. An experience of taking the subway in NYC
B. The subway service in NYC
C. Busy life in uptown NYC
D. An Underground "NYC"  
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Years ago ,when I started looking for my first job ,wise advised,“Barbara, be enthusiastic! Enthusiasm will take you further than any amount of experience. ”How right they were!

Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.”wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is the inner voice that whispers,  “I can do it!”when others shout, “No, you can’t !”It took years and years for the early work of  Barara  McClintock, a geneticist who won the 1983 Nobel  Prize in medicine , to be generally accepted. Yet she didn’t stop working on her experiments. Work was such a deep pleasure for her that she never thought of stopping.

We are all born with wide-eyed, enthusiastic wonder and it is this childlike wonder that gives enthusiastic people such youthful air, whatever their age was. At 90,cellist(大提琴家) Palblo Cassls would start his day by playing Bach.  As the music flowed through his fingers his stooped shoulders would strengthen and joy would reappear in his eyes . As author and poet Samuei Ulman once wrote ,“ Years wrinkle(使-------变皱) the skin ,but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.”

Enthusiastic people also love what they do, regardless of money or power . Patricia  Mellrath, retired director of the Missouri  Repertory  Theatre in Kansas City, was once asked where she got her enthusiasm. She replied, “My father ,a lawyer long ago told me , I never made a dime until I stopped working for money.”

If we cannot do what we love as a full-time career, we can as a hobby. Elizabeth  Layton was 68 before she began to draw. This activity ended periods of depression that had troubled her for at least 30 years ,and the quality of her led one critic(评论家) to say, “I’m tempted to call Layton a genius(天才).”

We can’t afford to waste tears on “might-have-been”. We need to turn the tears into sweat as we go after “what-can-be ”.We need to live each moment whole-heartedly, which all our senses-including pleasure in the sweet smell of a back-yard garden, the simple picture of a six-year –old ,the beauty of  a  rainbow.

1. What is the Chinese for “Enthusiasm”?

   A.热情                B. 色彩                                 C. 惰性                  D.金钱

2. Which of the following can best explain the underlined sentence in the second paragraph?

   A. Enthusiasm can give you courage and strength in difficult times.

   B. If you don’t have enthusiasm, you can achieve nothing.

   C. Enthusiastic people never consider money and fame.

   D. Enthusiastic people can gain great fame and honor.

3. The author mentions cellist Pablo Casals in the third paragraph to show that____

   A. music can arouse people’s enthusiasm

   B. enthusiasm can give people inspiration needed to succeed

   C. enthusiasm can keep people feel young

   D. enthusiasm can keep people healthy

4. How many examples are given in the passage to show the importance of enthusiasm?

   A. Three              B. Two                             C. Four                      D.  Five

5. The author mainly wants to say that _________

   A. enthusiasm people never get old               

   B. enthusiasm can make you succeed and enjoy life

   C. enthusiasm is more important than experience

   D. enthusiasm can give people more success and fame .

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阅读理解,阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。

  Gadgets(小装置)can be wildly expensive and quickly out-of-date, but Steven Poole is still the first to buy them.Technological innovations(创新)are often quite stupid.The idea that you might want to walk down the street holding a mobile phone in front of your face, just to experience the wonders of video calling, is clearly ridiculous.Luckily for the tech companies, however, there are some people who jump at the chance to buy into new gadgets before they are fully ready and cheap enough for the mass-market.They are called early adopters, and their fate is a terrible one.I should know, since I am one myself.

  Early adopters have a Mecca: it's Tokyo's Akihabara district, also known as “Electric City”.There, in 1999, I bought a digital camera, a gizmo that few people in Britain had heard of.Over the next few years I watched in great sadness as digital cameras became more popular, cheaper and more powerful, until better models could be had for a quarter of the price I had paid.Did I feel stupid? What I actually did was this: I splashed out more money last year for a new one, one that let me feel pleasantly ahead of the curve once again.But I know that cannot last, and I'll probably have to buy another in a few years.

  Thus early adopters are betting on other people eventually feeling the same desires.And it's worse if that future never arrives.Early adopters of the Betamax home-video format in the 1970s could only look on in sadness when their investment was  ified(使无效)by the success of VHS.All sorts of apparently splendid inventions, such as videogame consoles like the Atari Jaguar have been abandoned to the dustbin of history right after a few early adopters bought in.Those who invested thousands in a Segway motorized scooter on the wave of ridiculous advertising campaigns that accompanied its launch a couple of years ago can join the club.

  You might think we should just stop being so silly, save our money, and wait to see what really catches on.But the logic of the industry is such that, if everyone did that, no innovation would become popular.Imagine the third person to buy an ordinary telephone soon after Alexander Graham Bell had invented it.Who was he going to call? Maybe he simply bought two phones, one for a special friend.But still, the usefulness and eventual popularity of the device wasn't clear at the time.Nobody dreamed of the possibility of being able to speak to any one of millions of people.And yet if he, and the hundreds and thousands of early adopters after him, had not bought into the idea, the vast communication networks that we all take for granted today would never have been built.

  The same goes, indeed, for all new technologies.Those guys holding bricks to their ears that we laughed at in the 1980s made the current mobile phone possible.People who bought DVD players when they still cost a fortune, instead of today's cheap one at the local supermarket, made sure that the new format succeeded.Early adopters’ desire for desires supported the future financially.And what did they get for their pains? They got a hole in their bank accounts and inferior, unperfected technology.But still, they got it first.And today they are still at work, buying overpriced digital radios, DVD recorders and LCD televisions, and even 3G phones, so that you will be eventually be able to buy better and less expensive ones.

  So next time you see a gadget-festooned geek(满身新潮玩意的土包子)and feel tempted to sneer(讥笑), think for a minute.Without early adopters, there would be no cheap mobile phones or DVD players; there would be no telephone or television either.We are the tragic, unsung foot soldiers of the technology revolution.We're the desire-addicted pioneers, pure in heart, dreaming of a better future.We make expensive mistakes so you don't have to.Really, we are heroes.

(1)

Steven Poole is mentioned in the first paragraph to ________.

[  ]

A.

introduce the topic of the passage

B.

present the main idea of the passage

C.

prove the content of the passage is true

D.

explain why modern technology is stupid

(2)

It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

[  ]

A.

the Segway motorized scooter(para.3)was once quite popular

B.

early adopters are probably welcomed by the tech companies

C.

Mecca(para.2)is a place where new digital cameras are designed

D.

all the early adopters are very rich and enjoying buying anything new

(3)

According to the passage, what's probably the worst result for an early adopter?

[  ]

A.

He is laughed at by his family and friends.

B.

What he buys proves useless and expensive.

C.

He finds himself no longer the most fashionable.

D.

What he buys doesn't eventually become popular.

(4)

Why did the writer buy a new digital camera last year?

[  ]

A.

Because he didn't want to miss the cheap but better cameras.

B.

Because he had to buy another new camera in several years anyway.

C.

Because the old camera made him feel upset and out of fashion.

D.

Because early digital cameras were of poor quality and couldn't last long.

(5)

Which of the following best describe the writer's attitude towards the early adopters?

[  ]

A.

Approving.

B.

Doubtful.

C.

Critical.

D.

Ashamed.

(6)

By saying the last sentence “Really, we are heroes.” the writer wants to express that ________.

[  ]

A.

early adopters are likely to get addicted to modern technology

B.

early adopters bravely spend much money buying new technology

C.

early adopters are as a matter of fact clever investors of technology

D.

early adopters help promote the development of technology

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