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     Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays (紫外线) while
skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper
The Telegraph.
     The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company Johnson
     Johnson conducted the study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen
snow on a ski trail (a rough path) in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the
levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japan's Okinawa District.
     They found that on the beach, eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules (千焦耳) of UV a square
meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas.
     The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological Agency. According to the agen- cy, the
reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent in the
new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300-meter rise in height.
     Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. That's why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we
get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.
     If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, you may
experience a kind of sunburn of the eye, which is harmful. Your eyes will become red and feel a strange
feeling. They may be sensitive to light. Fortunately, this is usually temporary (暂时的) and seldom causes
permanent damage to the eyes.
     Long-term exposure to UV radiation, however, can be more serious. Scientific studies and researches
have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases the
chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness.
1. You would most likely find the article in
A. a doctor's diary                
B. a travel journal
C. a medical magazine              
D. a physics textbook
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Too much eye exposure to UV rays may cause total blindness.
B. Short-time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesn't harm them at all.
C. Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.
D. The study was conducted by researchers from Japan, the USA and the UK.
3. The underlined word "sunscreen" in Paragraph 5 most probably means ______.
A. sunglasses      
B. sunhat        
C. suncream        
D. sunburn
4. What will the passage most probably talk about next?
A. Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan.
B. Go to hospital to have your eyes examined.
C. Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.
D. Take some measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.
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Every summer, hundreds of thousands of students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the opportunities are in   1  work. The pay is usually poor, but most people work   2  for the thrill of travel. You can pick grapes in France, entertain kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are always   3  in hotels and restaurants.
But it is not as easy as it used to be to find work. Unless you speak the language of the country well, there will be very   4  openings. For example, when you arrive to wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will   5  you to speak French. British students only have a language   6  for jobs in the USA and Australia.
Not every one   7  the experience. Sarah James was once responsible for forty American children in Europe. During the   8 , one child lost his passport; four children were lost in Madrid for a whole day; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the   they made. Sarah says, “It really was a 24-hour-a-day job since the kids never   10 ! And the pay was awful. It wasn’t worth it.”
The trouble is that   11  expect to have an easy time of it. After all, they see it as a  12 . In practice, though, they have to work hard. At the same time, all vacation work is casual work, and jobs are   13  only when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy. But students have few employment   14 . As soon as the holiday season finishes, companies will get rid of them. And if their employer doesn’t like them, they’ll be   15 , too.

【小题1】
A.seasonalB.mentalC.professionalD.formal
【小题2】
A.hardB.voluntarilyC.abroadD.continuously
【小题3】
A.jobsB.visitorsC.customersD.parties
【小题4】
A.goodB.newC.attractiveD.few
【小题5】
A.teachB.expectC.allowD.forbid
【小题6】
A.programB.lessonC.advantageD.exam
【小题7】
A.hasB.enjoysC.forgetsD.remembers
【小题8】
A.tripB.flightC.discussionD.ceremony
【小题9】
A.promiseB.progressC.complaintD.noise
【小题10】
A.criedB.studiedC.sleptD.helped
【小题11】
A.childrenB.studentsC.employersD.parents
【小题12】
A.jobB.lessonC.holidayD.shame
【小题13】
A.countlessB.availableC.interestingD.boring
【小题14】
A.experiencesB.rulesC.plansD.rights
【小题15】
A.dismissed B.chargedC.finedD.punished

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Chinese Spring Festival marks the first day of a new year, so the first meal is rather important. People from the North and the South have different   26  about the foods they eat on this  27  day. In Northern China, people   28  eat Jiaozi. The word Jiaozi in Chinese means the   29  and the beginning of time. According to historical  30 , in the past people from the North and the South both ate Jiaozi on Chinese New Year’s Day. Perhaps   31  the areas in Southern China   32  more rice than those in Northern China, southern people slowly  33  to eat many other kinds of food on New Year’s Day.   34  , the most common foods for the first   35  are noodles, New Year Cake and Tangyuan. The noodle  36  long life. The New Year Cake is called Niangao in Chinese, which   37  the hope of improvement in   38  year after year. Tangyuan is a symbol of   39   according to the Chinese.
To  40  a New Year visit to relatives and friends is an important activity during the Spring Festival. People also send cards to   41   a New Year’s greeting. What children love most is to set off firecrackers.   42  , as the pace of life is becoming faster and faster, people have   43  new ways to celebrate the Chinese traditional New Year. For example, many people no longer send out greeting cards.   44  , they use short messages or emails. Also to travel during the New Year holidays has come into   45  .

【小题1】
A.wordB.habitsC.meaningsD.stories
【小题2】
A.usualB.unforgettableC.commonD.special
【小题3】
A.seldomB.usuallyC.alwaysD.hardly
【小题4】
A.endB.futureC.resultD.effect
【小题5】
A.reasonsB.recordsC.notesD.stories
【小题6】
A.as long asB.thoughC.whenD.because
【小题7】
A.causedB.tookC.producedD.brought
【小题8】
A.understoodB.knewC.madeD.began
【小题9】
A.BesidesB.ThereforeC.ConsequentlyD.Usually
【小题10】
A.subjectB.titleC.programD.meal
【小题11】
A.symbolizes B.revealsC.showsD.indicates
【小题12】
A.transportsB.representsC.fetchesD.takes
【小题13】
A.healthB.familyC.lifeD.work
【小题14】
A.reunionB.luck C.happinessD.harmony
【小题15】
A.doB.payC.getD.carry
【小题16】
A.expressB.describeC.establishD.define
【小题17】
A.LuckilyB.UnfortunatelyC.HoweverD.Besides
【小题18】
A.given awayB.made outC.got intoD.taken up
【小题19】
A.InsteadB.FortunatelyC.MoreoverD.Furthermore
【小题20】
A.fashionB.effectC.sightD.power

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