By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns(酒馆), and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor (前身) of the modern fridge, had been invented.
　　Making an efficient icebox as not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary(未发展的). The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation(绝缘) and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
　　But as early as 1803, and ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price(高价) for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.
【小题1】Where was ice used after the Civil War?

Driving to a friend's house on a recent evening, I was attracted by the sight of the full moon rising just above my friend’s rooftops. I stopped to watch it for a few moments, thinking about what a pity it was that most city people? Myself included? Usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.
My friend had also seen it. He grew up living in a forest in Europe, and the moon meant a lot to him then. It had touched much of his life.
I know the feeling. Last December I took my seven-year-old daughter to the mountainous jungle of northern India with some friends. We stayed in a forest rest-house with no electricity or running hot water. Our group had campfires(篝火) outside every night, and indoors when it was too cold outside. The moon grew to its fullest during our trip. Between me and the high mountains lay three or four valleys. Not a light shone in them and not a sound could be heard. It was one of the quietest places I have ever known, a bottomless well of silence. And above me was the full moon, which struck me deeply.　　  
Today our lives are filled with glass, metal, plastic and fibre-glass. We have televisions, cell phones, pagers, electricity, heaters and ovens and air-conditioners, cars, computers.
Struggling through traffic that evening at the end of a tiring day, most of it spent indoors, I thought: before long, I would like to live in a small cottage. There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains. I may become an old man there, and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons. But I will be able to walk outside on a cold silent night and touch the moon.
【小题1】The best title for the passage would be______.

A．show that the writer likes city life very much

B．tell us that people greatly benefit from modern life

C．explain that people have fewer chances to enjoy nature

D．show that we can also enjoy nature at home through them

The people below are all looking for entertainments to amuse themselves in March in Shanghai. After the description of these people, there is information about six advertisements of activities A-F. Decide what activities would be most suitable for the person mentioned in questions 1-5 and then mark the correct letter (A-F) on your answer sheet. There is one extra paragraph about one activity which you do not need to use.

____ 1. Raymond, a foreign student studying history in Shanghai Fudan University, is planning for his weekend in the first week of March. As he has a phone from his father from home, he is surely to return to his dormitory before 8:pm.

____ 2. Vanessa, has been working in Shanghai for a couple of months and has got a number of friends, who are interested in western music and dance. What they want to do is to amuse themselves and learn something new.

____ 3. Jack and his friends usually enjoy their joyful weekend by attending late night activities. As they are music fans, they would like to listen to a live concert.

____ 4. Smith is interested in a variety of music and he is free in early March. He would like to amuse himself by attending concerts, no matter what price they might be.

____ 5. Alice, a French girl of 26, is returning home in 2 days. She and her companions want to do shopping in the evening and bought some presents for their family and friends back home.

This March is a busy month in Shanghai. There's a lot to do. Here are the highlights.

A. Brightman’s Solo Concert

Brightman, the versatile singer who shifts freely between opera, musicals, trip hop and folk songs, is to give a solo concert in Shanghai in March. The event will be part of a global tour promoting her new album "Harem".

　　Her concert in Shanghai has outrageously high ticket price between 2,500 and 380 yuan, but "hardcore" fans have bought tickets worth 2 million yuan in just one week.

B. Raffles City Shanghai

         Positioning the mall in the middle and middle upper income group, the target consumers of 20-35 age groups. Each floor presents a specific theme like popular young fashion, casual wear and beauty gallery, lifestyle, food and kids, international collections, health and fine dining, etc.

C. Exhibitions - Shanghai Museum

There are 120,000 pieces on show here. You can see the whole of Chinese history under one roof. It' s always interesting to visit, but doubly so at the moment with the Egyptian Tombs exhibition. There are lots of mummies and more gold than you've ever seen before. Let us know if you see a mummy move!

D. Dining - Sushi chef in town

Sushi is getting really big in Shanghai. In Japan, it' s become an art form. The most famous Sushi 'artist' is Yuki Kamura. She' s also one of the few female chefs in Japan. She' ll be at Sushi Scene all of this month.

E. Live Music - Late Night Jazz

Enjoy real American jazz from Herbie Davis, the famous trumpet player. He's coming with his new 7-piece band, Herbie' s Heroes. Herbie is known to play well into the early hours, so don't expect to get much sleep. This is Herbie' s third visit to Shanghai. The first two were sold out, so get your tickets quickly.

F. Scottish dancing

Take your partners and get ready to dance till you drop. Scottish dancing is fun and easy to learn. Instructors will demonstrate the dances. The live band, Gordon Stroppie and the Weefrees, are also excellent.

Driving to a friend's house on a recent evening, I was attracted by the sight of the full moon rising just above my friend’s rooftops. I stopped to watch it for a few moments, thinking about what a pity it was that most city people? Myself included? Usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.

My friend had also seen it. He grew up living in a forest in Europe, and the moon meant a lot to him then. It had touched much of his life.

I know the feeling. Last December I took my seven-year-old daughter to the mountainous jungle of northern India with some friends. We stayed in a forest rest-house with no electricity or running hot water. Our group had campfires(篝火) outside every night, and indoors when it was too cold outside. The moon grew to its fullest during our trip. Between me and the high mountains lay three or four valleys. Not a light shone in them and not a sound could be heard. It was one of the quietest places I have ever known, a bottomless well of silence. And above me was the full moon, which struck me deeply.　　  

Today our lives are filled with glass, metal, plastic and fibre-glass. We have televisions, cell phones, pagers, electricity, heaters and ovens and air-conditioners, cars, computers.

Struggling through traffic that evening at the end of a tiring day, most of it spent indoors, I thought: before long, I would like to live in a small cottage. There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains. I may become an old man there, and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons. But I will be able to walk outside on a cold silent night and touch the moon.

The best title for the passage would be______.

A. Touched by the moon

B. The pleasures of modern life

C. A bottomless well of silence

D. Break away from modern life 

The writer felt sorry for himself because________.

A. there was too much pollution

B. he seldom enjoyed the fullest moon outsides

C. he didn’t adapt to modern inventions

D. there were too many accidents on the road

What impressed the writer most in the mountainous jungle of northern India?

A. No modern equipment      B. Complete silence.

C. The nice moonlight        D. The high mountains

Modern things (Paragraph 4) are mentioned mainly to______.

A. show that the writer likes city life very much

B. tell us that people greatly benefit from modern life

C. explain that people have fewer chances to enjoy nature

D. show that we can also enjoy nature at home through them

The author wrote the passage to_______.  

A. express the feeling of returning to nature

B. show the love for the moonlight

C. advise modern people to learn to live

D. want to share the idea of longing for modern life