Are you one of those who always fear whenever a dog is approaching? If you are, you have got phobia ( a very strong feeling of being afraid of something ). Of all human fears, phobias may be the most uncontrollable. They are most often caused by a particular situation or object. In general, phobias can mainly be divided into three varieties. To begin with，agoraphobia is a fear of staying in strange surroundings, for example, an unfamiliar place, or an open area. Social phobia refers to the anxiety people show when they have to stay or perform on social events, for instance, speaking in front of the class. Lastly, there are a wide range of specific phobias. People suffering from this kind of phobia are terrified of specific objects or creatures, such as spiders, perhaps to your surprise, clowns. Besides, there are about six hundred and fifty phobias having been listed by psychologists (心理学家) as yet.

Faced with their phobias, many people choose to do nothing but just escape the situations or objects they fear. Psychologists, however, warn that if not treated properly, this kind of anxiety will get worse, so that it may disturb the sleep pattern, cause physical symptoms, and finally affect their daily activities. As for treatment, clinical research has discovered that medicine for anxiety is not successful in curing phobias. However, the anxiety disorders can be efficiently treated through cognitive behavioral therapy ( 认知行为疗法 ), through which patients are led to inspect the connections between their own fear and the situation or object, and then actively choose the acceptable treatments. Also, other treatments proved effective in reducing phobias are Meditation (quiet thought that can help people relax), listening to calming music, and so on.

67. According to the passage, what causes phobias?

    A. Animal attacks.                                     B. Staying in class.

    C. Talking with psychologists.                    D. A certain object or situation.

68. What do those with agoraphobia feel terrified and anxious about?

    A．Staying on a square.                          B．Touching insects, like spiders.

    C．Being harmed by virus.                      D．Giving a speech in presence of many people.

69. Which do psychologists NOT use for effective treatment of phobias?

    A. To take medicine for anxiety.       

    B. To listen to comforting light music.

    C. To lose oneself in a peaceful environment.

    D. To understand the very source of one’s own anxiety.

70. Which of the following statements about phobias is correct?

    A. Actors call help people to cure their phobias.

    B. Phobias can be divided into six hundred and fifty types.

    C. Those suffering from phobias may not sleep well or work normally.

　　   All of the 2,026 seats in the General Assembly Hall are equipped with earphones. The earphones are attached to the sides of the seats. At each seat there is a box that has a switch with numbers on it. There is a number for each of the six official languages and one for the speaker. By turning the switch, the listener can hear either the speaker or the translations into any of six languages; Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.

　　   Now imagine that a meeting is going on. Some of the delegates(代表)speak only English. Others only French or Spanish. Still others speak only Russian or Chinese. How can they understand each other?

　　   By using the earphones and listening to the amusing interpreters!

　　   The interpreters sit in glass-walled, sound-proof booths(隔音的单个小间)looking over the Assembly Hall. They listen to each speaker and translate what he says almost immediately. They speak into microphone connected to the earphones at the listeners’ seats.

　　   How does this work?

　　   Let’s say a delegate at the meeting is talking in Russian. The French delegate doesn’t understand Russian. So he turns the switch at his seat to the number for French. At once he hears the Russian speech translated into French.

　　   The interpreters must be very good indeed. They must be able to hear someone talking and in a matter of seconds translate what he has said.

1. The test is mainly about 　　  .

A. the interpreters who work at the U.N.

B. the delegates who hold meetings at the U.N.

C. how people at the U.N. understand each other

D. how people work at the U.N.

2. The underlined word “interpreters” refers to       .

A. 勤杂人员　　　　　　　　　　　　   B.联络人员

C. 口译人员　　　　　　　　　　　　   D. 笔译人员

3. The interpreters must speak at least 　　  official languages.

A. 2    B. 3    C. 6    D. 10

4. If you speak only Chinese and the delegate is talking in French, how can you understand what he has said?

A. Try your best to learn French

B. Ask others who understand it

C. Turn the switch to the number for French

D. Use the earphone and listen to the interpreters.

5. Suppose you work at the U.N. as an interpreter, so you must 　　  .

A. be an American citizen

B. be able to translate what the delegate has said almost at once

C. be with listeners together

D. know Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish

They understand each other through the U.N. interpreters. Some of the interpreters speak as many as ten languages. But they all must know at least three of the official languages.

　　   All of the 2,026 seats in the General Assembly Hall are equipped with earphones. The earphones are attached to the sides of the seats. At each seat there is a box that has a switch with numbers on it. There is a number for each of the six official languages and one for the speaker. By turning the switch, the listener can hear either the speaker or the translations into any of six languages; Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.

　　   Now imagine that a meeting is going on. Some of the delegates(代表)speak only English. Others only French or Spanish. Still others speak only Russian or Chinese. How can they understand each other?

　　   By using the earphones and listening to the amusing interpreters!

　　   The interpreters sit in glass-walled, sound-proof booths(隔音的单个小间)looking over the Assembly Hall. They listen to each speaker and translate what he says almost immediately. They speak into microphone connected to the earphones at the listeners’ seats.

　　   How does this work?

　　   Let’s say a delegate at the meeting is talking in Russian. The French delegate doesn’t understand Russian. So he turns the switch at his seat to the number for French. At once he hears the Russian speech translated into French.

　　   The interpreters must be very good indeed. They must be able to hear someone talking and in a matter of seconds translate what he has said.

1. The test is mainly about 　　  .

A. the interpreters who work at the U.N.

B. the delegates who hold meetings at the U.N.

C. how people at the U.N. understand each other

D. how people work at the U.N.

2. The underlined word “interpreters” refers to       .

A. 勤杂人员　　　　　　　　　　　　   B.联络人员

C. 口译人员　　　　　　　　　　　　   D. 笔译人员

3. The interpreters must speak at least 　　  official languages.

A. 2    B. 3    C. 6    D. 10

4. If you speak only Chinese and the delegate is talking in French, how can you understand what he has said?

A. Try your best to learn French

B. Ask others who understand it

C. Turn the switch to the number for French

D. Use the earphone and listen to the interpreters.

5. Suppose you work at the U.N. as an interpreter, so you must 　　  .

A. be an American citizen

B. be able to translate what the delegate has said almost at once

C. be with listeners together

D. know Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish

   There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue. There are said to be one million people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.

   Is this a good thing or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate, using a common language, across countries and cultures? Or should we worry about dangers of “non-culturalism”, a world in which we all speak the same language, eat the same food and listen to the same music?

   Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language? Not necessarily, I have never agreed that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars. Ask the people of India, where many of them speak at least some English, and Pakistan, the same situation with India…

   If we all speak English, will we then all start eating McDonald’s burgers? Surely not. If English becomes more dominant(控制), will it kill other languages? I doubt it. When I travel in Africa or Asia, I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages, as well as English and perhaps more French or German as well.

   When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago, we received a wonderfully poetic e-mail from a listener in Ireland. “The English language is a beautiful language. Maybe it’s like a rose,” he said. “But who would ever want their garden just full of roses?”

   Well, I love roses and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden. But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, that’ll be fine by me.

41. By saying “Ask the people of India… and Pakistan…”(in Paragraph 3), the author is trying to show that______.

A. speaking the same language doesn’t necessarily bring peace

B. wars can destroy the relationship between two countries

C. English doesn’t kill other languages

D. English is widely used in the world

42. What does “rose” in the last paragraph stand for?

A. The world   B. A kind of flower   C. A language   D. The earth

43. This passage is mainly about _____.

A. why English has become a global language

B. how many people in the world speak English

C. how people in the world learn English as a foreign language

D. whether we need to worry about English being a world language

There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language, and also about 376 million people who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue. It is said that one million people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.

Is this a good thing or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate, using a common language, across countries and cultures? Or should we worry about the dangers of “monoculturalism”, a world in which we all speak the same language, eat the same food and listen to the same music?

Does it matter if an increasing number of people speaking the same language? Not necessarily. I have never agreed that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars. Ask the people of India, where many of them speak at least some English, and Pakistan, the same situation with India…

If we all speak English, will we then all start eating McDonald’s burgers? Surely not. If English becomes more dominant (占优势的), will it kill other languages? I doubt it. When I travel in Africa and Asia, I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own languages but often one or more other related languages, as well as English and perhaps French or German as well.

When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago, we received a wonderfully poetic有诗意的）e-mail from a listener in Ireland. “The English language is a beautiful language. Maybe it’s like a rose,” he said. “But who would ever want his garden just full of roses?”

Well, I love roses and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden. But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, that will be fine.

63. By saying “Ask the people of India…and Pakistan” (in paragraph 3), the author is trying to show that___.

A. speaking the same language doesn’t necessarily bring peace.

B. wars can destroy the relationship between two countries.

C. English doesn’t kill other languages

D. English is widely used in the world

64. What does “rose” in the last paragraph stand for?

A. The world.　　 B. A kind of flower.　　 C. A language.　 D. The earth.

65. The author would probably agree that___.

A. it’s very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a garden.

B. it’s all right for people from other countries to learn English.

C. more and more people like to plant roses in their gardens.

D. English is easier to learn than other languages.

66. This passage is mainly about ___.

A. why English has become a global language.

B. how many people in the world speak English

C. how people in the world learn English as a foreign language.

D. whether we need to worry about English being a world language.