Summary about the present perfect tense The action happened in the past, but has much effect or cau——青夏教育精英家教网—

摘要：Summary about the present perfect tense The action happened in the past, but has much effect or cause certain result to today. 1) To denote continuous action or state (表持续的动作或状态,常和since或for引导的短语连用). e.g. I have lived here for more than thirty years. I have been here since last October. 2) To denote the past repeated action (表过去重复的动作,常和always ,often ,many times, every day等时间状语连用). e.g. My father has always gone to work by bike. It has rained every day this week. 3) To denote the future (表将来, 尤用在时间状语从句中) e.g. We are going after we have had breakfast. I will wait until he has written his letter. It I is used with “ just, recently, before, never ,always, often ,already, in the past ,so far, up to now, till no w and so on. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 1 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,而一般过去时不强调过去的动作与现在的关如: 系.如: I have lost my pen. I lost my pen.(过去笔掉了.没说明现在是否有笔)2. 现在完成时不可和表过去的时间状语连用 .但一般过去时可和表过去的时间状语. 如:yesterday,last week,three days ago,just now等连用.如: A: Hello,Kate!Have you had supper? B: Yes,I have. A: When did you have it? 在此例中.应注意When是一个不确定的过去时间. [能力训练] complete these sentences. Use either the past simple tense or the present perfect tense. Build buy come get live see stay visit

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　　When you donate blood, a small amount is usually taken in advance to test your blood type．If you are O＋, the O is your ABO type and the＋is your Rh type．It is possible to be A,B,AB, or O as well as Rh＋or Rh-．

　　The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in the early 1900s．He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements．There are four basic types of　blood in the ABO system：A,B,AB and O．Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood．We get blood type, just like hair color and height from parents．Because of the substances(物质)contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully．If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation．Basically, A and B cannot be mixed．A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B．In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types，so it is often called the universal donor．However，there is still a risk．For the opposite reason，AB is sometimes called the universal receiver．However，because there can be so many reactions in transfusions，patients usually receive only salt until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of the hospital．

　　There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality．Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A．The rarest is type AB．Other races have different percentage．For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type out of 100 donors in the world．

(1)

Which of the following shown the correct relationships in blood transfusions?
[　　]
A．
B．
C．
D．

(2)

The underlined word “transfuse” most probably means ________．
[　　]
A．	to put the blood into a container
B．	to move the blood from one place to another
C．	to put the blood of one person into the body of another
D．	to give power to another person

(3)

The text mainly tells us ________．
[　　]
A．	about the basic types of human blood
B．	what kind of blood is the most common
C．	about Karl Landsteiner who won the Nobel Prize
D．	the relationship between blood type and nationality

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VII. 写作（Writing）（共2小题，计２5分）
　
A) Read the following passage, and then use your own words to give a brief summary of it in about 90 words.（10分）（答案写在答题纸上）
All thanks to the mobile phone

Dave Mill owes his life to his mobile phone. He was trying to make history by walking to the North Pole alone, without any help or support. But after 50 days of extremely bad weather, during which the temperature dropped as low as minus 30°C, Dave was forced to
abandon his attempt.
He had completed 185 miles of the 375-mile journey and had suffered several mishaps（不幸事故）. He had broken his sunglasses, been followed by polar bears and fallen into freezing water twice. Then, after making the decision to give up, he had some more bad luck and found himself stranded （处于困境的） on a floating piece of ice that was slowly melting.

The weather was too bad for any rescue attempt to be made. Dave waited for three days, hoping that conditions would improve. But the rescue planes could not land because dense fog prevented them from seeing the surface of the ice. It was a race against time.
Then he remembered his mobile phone. He marked out a runway on the ice and took a photograph with his digital camera. Then he used his phone to e-mail it to the waiting air rescue team. Using the photograph to guide him, the pilot was able to land in spite of the weather, and Dave was lifted off the ice to safety.

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你校进行题为”是否应该考查英语口语”的英语辩论赛。以下是正方的主要观点：

［写作内容］
请你根据以上内容写一篇短文，代表正方作最后的总结陈词。
1.阐述考查英语口语对各方面的积极影响；
2.呼吁各界重视英语口语教学。
〔写作要求〕
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。（首句已给出，不计入句子总数。）
Ladies and gentlemen, in summary, our team has argued that the testing of spoken English is　both necessary and beneficial.

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When questioned, he was too shocked to give a（n） of what had happened when the attack took place．

A．assessment 　　　B．account 　　C．survey 　　　　D．summary

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　One of the main purposes of newspapers are to provide news.If1.　　　?

you examine newspapers closely，you find that there are2.　　　　?

all sort of news:　accidents，floods，fires，wars，sports，books，etc.3.　　　　?

The news cover everything that happens to people and4.　　　　?

their surroundings.Sometimes there are news items which are very interesting.5　

A news report is usually very short，except it is very important，6.　　　?

and thus has a lot of information.　It is also writing in short paragraphs.7.?　

The first paragraph is in the fact a summary of the news item.It8.　　　?

gives all the necessary information，what，when，where，how or9.　　　?

why.　The other paragraphs give full details of a subject.10.　　　

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