If women are mercilessly exploited（剥削） year after year, they have only themselves to blame．Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores．Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion．
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste．Many women spend large sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn．Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time changing their old-fashioned dresses．Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on．
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society．Fashion designers are rarely concerned with necessary things like warmth, comfort and durability （耐用）．They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right．There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or picking her way through deep snow in high heeled shoes．
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious．Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers．Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide．
【小题1】Designers and big stores always make money_________．

If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame．Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores．Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion．When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that the has nothing to wear．

Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste．Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn．Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering（改变） the dresses they have．Skirls are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on．

No one can claim that the fashion industry contribulea anything really important to society．

Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability．They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right．There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high —heeled shoes．

When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious．Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonder, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers．Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide．

1.Designers and big stores always make money _____．

    A．by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing

    B．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry

    C．because they are able to predict new fashions for the coming season

    D．because they attach great importance to quality of women’s clothing

2.To the writer, the fact that woman alter their old fashioned dresses is seen as        .

    A．a waste of money                     B．an expression of taste

    C．a waste of time                      D．an expression of creativity

3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

    A．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society

    B．The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of characters

    C．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women

    D．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women

4.By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”, the writer means that        .

    A．women are better able to put up with discomfort

    B．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion

    C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers

    D．women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at

If women are mercilessly exploited(剥削) year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.

Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend large sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time changing their old-fashioned dresses. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.

No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with necessary things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or picking her way through deep snow in high heeled shoes.

When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability(稳定耐用)? That is for you to decide.

1.Designers and big stores always make money _______.

   A. by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry

   B. because they are capable of predicting new fashions

   C. by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing

   D. because they attach great importance to quality in women's clothing

2.To the writer, the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as _______.

   A. a waste of money                          B. a waste of time

   C. an expression of taste                        D. an expression of creativity

3.New fashions in clothing are created for _______.

   A. the commercial exploitation of women     

B. the women's strength of character

   C. basic qualities of inconstancy and instability   

D. an important contribution to society

D
There is probably no field of human activity in which our values and lifestyles are shown more clearly and strongly than they are in the clothes that we choose to wear. The dress of an individual is a kind of "sign language" that communicates a set of information and is usually the basis on which immediate impressions are formed. Traditionally, a concern for clothes was considered to be an affair of females, while men took pride in the fact they were completely lacking in clothes consciousness(意识).
This type of American culture is by degrees changing as man dress takes on greater variety and color. Even as early as 1995, a researcher in Michigan said that men attached rather high importance to the value of clothing in daily life. White－collar workers in particular viewed dress as a symbol of ability, which could be used to impress or influence others, especially in the work situation. The white－collar worker was described as extremely concerned about the impression his clothes made on his superiors(上司). Although blue－collar workers were less aware that they might be judged on the basis of their clothing, they recognized that any difference from the accepted pattern of dress would be made fun of by fellow workers.
Since that time, of course, the patterns have changed; the typical office worker may now be wearing the blue shirt, and the laborer a white shirt, but the importance of dress has not become less.      Other researchers in recent years have helped to prove its importance in the lives of individuals at various levels and in different social and economic status groups(阶层).
68．From the passage we know that______.
A．the Americans' values and lifestyles can't be shown clearly in their activity
B．the Americans' values and lifestyles are from the sign language
C．the clothes the Americans choose to wear have something to do with their values and lifestyles
D．the clothes the Americans choose to wear depend on a set of information
69．Traditionally, the Americans usually thought that______.
A．men should care much for clothes
B．women should concern greatly about what they wore but men shouldn't
C．both men and women must pay great attention to their clothes
D．neither men nor women didn't have to show interest in clothes
70．Blue－collar workers pay attention to their clothes because______.
A．they extremely concern about the impression their clothes make on their superiors
B．they know clearly that people will judge them on the basis of their clothing
C．they want to impress and influence others
D．they don't want to be laughed at
71．The passage mainly suggests that______.
A．the Americans pay great attention to the importance of clothes
B．now men in America have made more progress in clothes consciousness
C．now men in America care about clothes more than women do
D．the American culture is greatly changing         

If women are mercilessly exploited(剥削) year after year,they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion,they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it,only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way,waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened;neck-lines are lowered or raised,and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth,comfort and durability(耐用).They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort,as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day,or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.

When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion,the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes,one wonders,reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability?Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability?That is for you to decide.

1.Designers and big stores always make money        .

2.To the writer,the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as        .

3.The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the     of clothing.

4.According to the passage,which of the following statements is TRUE?