Children are natural scientists, very interested in the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms（科学术语）or modern labs. You only have to share your children’s interests.

　 Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-old children to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, the money I got and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing each other silently. Finally I said, “Now that we’ve finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”

After a long wait, a boy put up his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a lot of questions that lasted nearly two hours.

Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, many teachers usually wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When teachers increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give better answers.

Thirdly, watch your language. When the child is having a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging a child to help others. But in talking about science, these words make a child think that the discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying, “That’s interesting” or “I’ve never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.

Lastly, show; don’t tell. Let children look at their hands through a microscope（显微镜）, and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner….

81. To help children enjoy science, the most important thing for teachers to do is ___________.

　 A. let them see the world around　　　 　 B. let them study in modern labs

　 C. tell them the difficult terms on science D. share the children’s interests

82. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the words “your lists” mean ____________.

　 A. your answers to the questions　　　 　 B. your own questions about science

C. your questions from textbooks　　　 　 D. all the questions of your own

83. According to the passage, children can give better answers to the questions if teachers ____.

　 A. ask them to answer quickly　 　　　 B. wait for one or two seconds after a question

　 C. tell them to watch their language　 D. wait at least three seconds after a question

84. The writer talks about all of the following ways except that teachers should ____________.

　 A. tell their children stories instead of telling them to remember facts

　 B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves

　 C. allow enough time for their children to find answers to the questions

D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own

85. The writer of the passage is probably ____________.

A. a teacher B. a scientist　

C. a seven-year-old boy’s father　　 D. a reporter

In Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining(请客) at home. They often invite friends over for a meal, a party, or just for conversation.

Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their home.

"Would you like to come over for dinner this Saturday night?"

"Hey, we're having a dinner on Friday. Can you come?"

To reply to an invitation, either say thank you and accept(接受), or say you' re sorry and give an excuse: "Thanks, I'd love to. What time would you like us to come?" or "Oh, sorry, I've tickets for a film."

Sometimes, however, people use expressions that sound like invitations but they are not real invitations, such as, "Please come over for a drink sometime." or "Why don't you come over and see us sometime?"

They are really polite ways of ending a conversation. They are not real invitations because they don't mention a nice time or date. They just show that the person is trying to be friendly. To reply to expressions like this, people just say: "Sure, that would be great!", "OK." or "Yes, thanks."

41. _____ enjoy entertaining at home.

A. Canadian and American people       B. Some friendly people

C. People in English--speaking countries  D. People abroad

42. Which of the following is NOT a real invitation?

A. Please go to the concert with me some day.

B. Would you like to have a cup of tea with us this evening?

C. I've two tickets here. Can you go to the cinema with me?

D. If you are free now, let's go to Wang's for a drink.

43. If people say, "Why not get together for a party sometime?",  you just say "__________ "

A. I'm glad to hear that.     B. How about this evening?

C. Oh, sorry. I'm very busy.  D. That's great. Thanks.

44. People use "an unreal invitation" in order to show________.

A. they're trying to be friendly  B. they have already got ready for a party or a meal

C. they're trying to make friends with others   D. their spirit of generosity   

45. Which of the following is right?

 A. This passage is mainly about table manners in Canada and USA.

 B. People in Canada are friendlier than those in USA.

 C. "Please come over for a drink sometime."is used to show he or she is friendly.

 D. Poeple in Canada and USA are dishonest.

Let us begin by saying what causes our dreams. Our dreams do not come from another world. They are not messages from some outside source .They are not a look into the future, either.

All our dreams have something to do with our feelings, fears, longings, wishes, needs and memories. If a person is hungry, or tired, or cold , his dreams may include a feeling of this kind. If the covers on your body, such as a quilt or a blanket, have slipped off your bed, you may dream that you are sleeping on ice or in snow. The material for the dream you will have tonight is likely to come from the experience you have today.

So the subject of your dream usually comes from something that has influence on you while you are sleeping（feeling of cold, a noise, a discomfort, etc.）and it may also use your past experiences and the wishes and the interests you have now. This is why children are likely to dream of fairies, older children of school examinations, hungry people of food, home-sick soldiers of their families and prisoners of freedom.

To show you how this is happening while you are asleep and how your needs and wishes can all be joined together in a dream, here is the story of the experiment. A man was asleep and the back of his hand was rubbed with a piece of absorbed cotton. He would dream he was in hospital and his charming girlfriend was visiting him, sitting on the bed and feeling gently his hands!

There are some scientists who have made a special study of why we dream, what we dream and what those dreams mean. Their explanation of dreams, though a bit reasonable, is not accepted by everyone but it offers an interesting approach to the problem. They believe that dreams are mostly expressions of wishes that did not come true. In other words dreaming is a way of having your wishes carried out.

31. From the passage we know that our dreams              .

A. are imagination of our daily life            B. are man’s curious look into the future

C. have nothing to do with our feelings    D. are to some degree connected with our feelings

32. In your dream when you feel like eating something it indicates（暗示）that             .

A. you are in a state of being cold          B. you are in a state of being tired

C. you are in a state of hunger            D. you should have had your dinner that day

33. Some scientists’ explanation of dreams              .

A. is not widely accepted though a bit reasonable    B. gives an exact description of our life

C. provides us with information of dreams                    D. is of no use for us

In Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining(请客) at home. They often invites friends for a meal, a party or just for coffee and conversation.
Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their homes: “Would you like to come over for dinner this Saturday night?” “Hey, we’re having a party on Friday. Can you come?”
To answer an invitation, either say thank you and accept or say you are sorry and give an excuse. “Thanks, I’d love to. What time would you like me to come?” or “ Oh, sorry. I’ve tickets for a movie.”
Sometimes, however, people in the west use expressions(语句) that sound like invitation but which are not real invitation. For example, “Please come over for a drink sometime.” “Why not get together for a party sometime?” or “Why don’t you come over and see us sometime soon?” They are really polite ways of ending a conversation. They are not real invitations because they don’t mention(提到、涉及) a certain time or date. They just show that the person is trying to be friendly. To answer expressions like this, people just say, “Sure, that would be great!” or “OK! Thanks.”
So next time when you hear what sounds like an invitation, listen carefully. Is it a real invitation or is the person just being friendly?
【小题1】Why do Canadians and Americans often invite friends for meals at home?